Mbatata ndi imodzi mwamasamba otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mbatata ndi gawo limodzi la zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Masiku ano kuli mitundu yambiri ya mbatata. Imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yoyenera ndi Adretta... Mbatata iyi imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri, ndipo ma tubers ake amakonda. Adretta ndi mitundu yodzichepetsa ndipo imatha kulimidwa ku Russia konse.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe azosiyanasiyana
Adretta ndi mbatata yachikasu... Ngati mbatata zachikasu kale zimangotengedwa ngati chakudya cha ziweto, tsopano amadyedwa.
Itha kutchulidwa kuti ndi mitundu ya mbatata yapakatikati koyambirira. Kuyambira nthawi yobzala mbewu, padutsa masiku pafupifupi 80.
Mukabzala mbatata pakati mpaka kumapeto kwa masika, koma pakati chilimwe mutha kudya zotsekemera zokoma.
Malinga ndi malongosoledwe ake, mbatata iyi monyadira zokolola zambiri... Ndizotheka kukolola pafupifupi matani 40 a ma tubers amitundu yosiyana kuchokera pa hekitala imodzi. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi, mutha kupeza pafupifupi ma tubers apakatikati ndi akulu.
Tubers nthawi zambiri amakhala apakatikati mpaka akulu... Kulemera kwapakati pa tuber kumafika magalamu 140. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti simungathe kukumba ma tubers olemera pafupifupi magalamu 400 m'dzinja.
Malinga ndi mawonekedwe, izi zosiyanasiyana ndizodzichepetsa, zimagonjetsedwa ndi nyengo youma, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha, komanso matenda ambiri.
Kapangidwe ka nthaka sikofunika kwambiri kwa Adretta, komabe ngati mugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, mutha kupeza zokolola zochuluka.
Zitsamba zimakhala zolimba, kutalika kwake kumatha kufikira masentimita 100. Nsonga zikufalikira. Masamba ndi akulu kwambiri. Mtundu wa tsamba la masambawo ndi wobiriwira. Imamasula ndi inflorescence yoyera.
Tuber mawonekedwe ndi chowulungika. Rind ndi wachikasu. Zamkati ndizotumbululuka chikasu. Rind ndi wowonda kwambiri.
Tubers ali ndi kukoma kwabwino... Pochita chithandizo chazakudya, zamkati sizisintha utoto wake wokoma, ndipo mbatata zokha zimawira bwino.
Oyenera kuphika, kuwotcha, stewing, kuphika ma casseroles osiyanasiyana. Okhuta mu Adrette ndi pafupifupi 17%.
Tubers sizokoma zokha, komanso zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza - mapuloteni, vitamini B, chakudya (chakudya chosavuta chodya).
Mbatata za izi zosiyanasiyana akulangizidwa kuwira mu yunifolomu ndikugwiritsa ntchito peel, popeza mulinso zinthu zambiri zofunika m'thupi la munthu, makamaka pamtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi.
Mbiri ya kuswana kwa mbatata ya Adrett
Adretta adabadwa mu 1975 ku GDR... Panthawiyo, mitundu ya mbatata yachikaso idawonedwa ngati chakudya ndipo amangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya cha ziweto.
Koma Adretta adadabwitsa aliyense ndi kukoma kwake ndipo adakhala m'modzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri. Lero Adretta ndi amodzi mwamitundu yotchuka kwambiri, kuphatikiza ku Russia.
Ubwino ndi zovuta za mbatata
Ubwino wa Adretta zosiyanasiyana ndi monga:
- Zokolola zambiri.
- Kucha koyambirira kwa tubers.
- Mitumbayi imakhala yoyera komanso yayikulu mokwanira, ambiri aiwo amakhala ndi chiwonetsero.
- Masitolo bwino ndipo amalekerera mayendedwe.
- Wopanda ulemu pakupanga nthaka ndi nyengo.
- Adretta imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri.
Mitunduyi ili ndi nthumwi ya banja la a Solanaceae Palibe zolakwika zilizonse... Pakati pawo, kungotsika pang'ono kutsutsana ndi matenda amtundu wa virus kumatha kutchedwa.
Mbali za kubzala ndi kukula
Adretta ndi mitundu yosadzichepetsa... Ngakhale oyamba kumene kulima masamba amatha kuthana ndi kulima kwa mbewuyi.
Komabe, Adretta, monga mitundu ina iliyonse, ili ndi mawonekedwe ake. Ngati mungaganizire malamulo onse azisamaliro, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza zokolola zabwino komanso zokoma.
Malangizo angapo othandizira tubers musanadzale:
- musanadzalemo, ma tubers amalimbikitsidwa kukonzedwa mu yankho la mkuwa sulphate kapena potaziyamu permanganate. Njira yothetsera Boric acid ndiyabwino;
- kuti kumera mwachangu, ndikulimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito othandizira ngati "Epin", "Prestige";
- Ndikofunikanso kuchiza ndi yankho la ammonium nitrate kapena superphosphate. Izi zidzawonjezera zokolola.
Ndibwino kuti muike adyo clove mu dzenje lililonse. Uku ndikofunika kupewa ndi chimbalangondo.
Mitengo yambewu imakumbidwa mozama pafupifupi 5 cm. Mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala wa masentimita 40chifukwa nsonga zakula kwambiri.
Malangizo othandizira onse
Kuti tipeze zokolola zabwino tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro:
- kuthirira;
- kuthira feteleza kangapo pa nyengo;
- mankhwala ndi mankhwala a matenda ndi tizilombo toononga;
- Kupalira panthawi yake, kumasula ndi kuphika.
Malamulo oyambira kusamalira:
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumasula nthaka nthawi ndi nthawi. Kutsegula kumathandiza osati kokha kuteteza kukula kwa namsongole, komanso kumadzaza nthaka ndi mpweya;
- hilling ikulimbikitsidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Hilling amateteza mbatata kwa tizirombo. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa namsongole kamodzi pa sabata;
- kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa osachepera 2 pachaka. Kuthirira ndikofunikira makamaka munthawi youma kutalika kwa tchire kukafika 15 cm.
Ndikofunikanso kutsatira njira yoyenera yobzala mbatata za Adrett.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Zosiyanasiyana ndikulimbana ndi matenda ambiri: choipitsa mochedwa, nematode wagolide, khansa ya mbatata.
Koma kukana matenda amtundu wa tizilombo sikokwanira kwambiri. Izi zimakhudzanso nkhanambo ndi blackleg.
Pofuna kupewa ndi kupewa matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwathandize ndi kukonzekera mbatata-fungicidal.
Kachilombo ka Colorado mbatata ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa... Pofuna kuthana nawo, tizirombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zovala zapamwamba
Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza katatu pachaka malinga ndi ziwembu izi:
- Nsonga zikayamba kukula, amalangizidwa kuti abweretse humus pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.
- Mukamapanga masamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika phulusa la nkhuni pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.
- Pakati pa maluwa, amafunika kudyetsa ndi superphosphate.
Kukolola ndi kusunga
Mutha kusangalala ndi kukoma kwa mbatata zatsopano pakati pa chilimwe. koma kukolola kumalimbikitsidwa pafupi ndi nthawi yophukirapamene ma tubers amafikira kulemera kwake kwathunthu ndikupsa kwathunthu.
Ngati zokololazo zasinthidwa mpaka masiku omaliza a Seputembara, ndiye kuti pali kuthekera kwakuti chinyezi chowonjezera chimapangitsa kuvunda kwa tubers.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizosunga bwino... Tubers sangawonongeke komanso kuwonongeka pakasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Chipinda momwe ma tubers amasungidwa chimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena subfloor ndichabwino. Ngakhale kuzizira sikungapangitse kuti munthu asamve kukoma.
Adretta mbatata ndizodzichepetsa ndipo amatha kulimidwa pafupifupi panthaka iliyonse. Zanyengo zilinso ndi zotsatirapo zochepa pazokolola za mbatata.
Adretta ndi sing'anga koyambirira, wokolola wokwanira mosiyanasiyana... Ngakhale wamaluwa wosadziwa zambiri amatha kuthana ndi mbatata zomwe zikukula. Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwabwino ndi michere yomwe imapezeka mu tubers komanso mchikasu chachikaso.