Mavuto okhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa moyo wa chamoyo chilichonse, makamaka, amakhudza mawonekedwe ake. Zizindikiro zamavuto zimawoneka bwino kwambiri pazomera. Mwachitsanzo, ndi kuchepa kwa potaziyamu, tsamba la phwetekere necrosis limayamba.
M'nkhaniyi tikambirana za zizindikilo zakusowa kwa zinthu zina ndi njira zodyetsera chomeracho kuti chikhale bwino.
Kuperewera kwa zinthu mu tomato
Kuwonongeka kwa nyengo yazomera nthawi zambiri kumakhala kusowa kwa zakudya moperewera. Kudyetsa kotani komwe kukuyembekezera tomato, mutha kudziwa potengera mawonekedwe ndi komwe zasinthaizo zinachitika kwa chomera.
Micronutrients yambiri ndiyofunikira pa tomato:
- Mankhwala enaake a.
- Phosphorus.
- Potaziyamu.
- Mavitamini.
- Nthaka.
- Bor ndi ena.
Zomera sizifa popanda iwo, koma chidzakula kwambiri, zokolola zidzachepa kwambiri. Zonsezi ndizothandizira zomwe zimathandizira kusintha kwamankhwala am'magazi m'matumba azomera.
Kuperewera kwa magnesium
Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumawonekera m'mawonekedwe mawanga pakati pa mitsempha pa masamba apansi a phwetekere... Poyamba, mawangawa amawoneka obiriwira, kenako amatembenuka achikasu, kenako amasintha bulauni kapena imvi. Masamba ouma, amapiringana, kenako nkugwa. Zipatso ndizochepa, zipse bwino.
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa magnesium
Magnesium sulphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito magawo osiyanasiyana kulima mbewu.
- Kukonzekera kwa nthaka... Feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa 10g pa 1 sq.m. kenako madzi okwanira mabedi ambiri.
- Pa nyengo yakukula... Pothirira, muyenera kuchepetsa 30 g wa feteleza mu malita 10 a madzi ofunda (onetsetsani kawiri pamwezi). Mukapopera mbewu, 15 g wa chinthucho amasungunuka mu malita 10 a madzi ofunda. Pofuna kutentha masamba, onjezerani 5 g wa urea ku yankho.
Chothandiza kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito magnesium sulphate panthaka yamchenga, panthaka yokhala ndi acidity yochepa.
Kuperewera kwa phosphorous
Ndi kusowa kwa phosphorous kumachitika kufooketsa mizu... Gawo lomwe lili pamwambapa la chomeracho limakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda, womwe pambuyo pake umakhala wofiirira. Masamba amakhala ouma, m'mphepete mwawo amauma.
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous
Feteleza amalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu yamphamvu, kuchuluka kwa zokolola, kumawonjezera kukoma kwa zipatso. Amabweretsedwa nthawi isanathe.
Zinthu zowuma zimaphatikizidwa m'nthaka pamlingo 15-20g pachomera... Chotsitsa chimakonzedwa kuti chizidyetsa mizu.
- Thirani 400 g wa superphosphate mu 3 malita a madzi otentha.
- Sungani yankho lotentha, limbikitsani nthawi zina, kuonetsetsa kuti ufa wonsewo usungunuka.
- Pa tsiku limodzi, madziwo amakhala oyera. Tsopano mutha kugwiritsa ntchito.
Kenaka supuni 20 za dothi zimasungunuka mu malita 3 a madzi. Kuchokera kulowetsedwa kumeneku, feteleza wamkulu amakonzedwa (150 ml ya madzi otulutsa + 10 l madzi + 20 g wa nayitrogeni feteleza + 0,5 l wa phulusa lamatabwa).
Pakudyetsa masamba, supuni 1 ya superphosphate imasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndikugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Kuperewera kwa potaziyamu
Kupanda potaziyamu kumawonetsedwa pang'onopang'ono pakukula kwa chitsamba cha phwetekere, maluwa ake ochepa komanso ovary ochepa... Zipatso zimapsa mofanana, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosapsa pafupi ndi phesi.
Necrosis ya Leaf imayamba kuchokera pamaupangiri awo, pang'onopang'ono ikufalikira mozungulira gawo lonse. Mawanga akuda amawoneka posachedwa. Patapita kanthawi, masambawo amapotana ndikugwa. Tsinde limakhala lofooka, kufota.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe a potashi
- Potaziyamu sulphate (potaziyamu sulphate) amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka yamchere. Pogwiritsa ntchito kouma, 40 g wa mavalidwe apamwambawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 1 mita mita imodzi yamunda ndikudutsa masiku 10-15. Kwa kuthirira, 1 g wa chinthucho amasungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi.
- Potaziyamu monophosphate... Imasungunuka bwino m'madzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa mizu ndi masamba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri nthawi yonse yokula (pambuyo pouzika ndi nthawi yakucha zipatso). Pothirira, sungunulani 10-15 g wa feteleza mu 10 malita a madzi. Kupopera mbewu 1-2 g ya chinthucho imasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
- Potaziyamu nitrate (potaziyamu nitrate). Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndikupanga ovary. Zinthu zowuma zimasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. Pothirira, pewani ufa wa 10-20 g mu malita 10 amadzi. Pofuna kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, 10 g wa nitrate amasungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi.
- Potaziyamu humate... Zapezeka kutsalira kwa zomera, manyowa, peat, silt. Yogwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri pamchere wamchere, wamchere ndi podzolic. Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ndi nthawi yakukula kwambiri kwa mbewu. Kupopera kapena kuthirira, 3 g (supuni 1) ya mankhwala amasungunuka mu malita 10 a madzi. Feteleza mbewu katatu nthawi yonse yokula. Kutalika kwake ndi masabata awiri.
Kulephera kwa Boron
Ndi kusowa kwake, mbande zimakula bwino. Chitsamba chiri kufota pakukula, koma mphukira zowuluka zimakula mwachangu.
Maluwa amagwa, ovary yaying'ono imapangidwa. Zokolola ndizotsika, pomwe mawanga owuma amawonekera pa zipatso... Mapepalawa amalowetsedwa m'machubu ndikukhala obiriwira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Boric acid
Yothirira 5g asidi boric amasungunuka mu malita 10 a madzi. Koma boron imayamwa bwino ndi chomera ndikudyetsa masamba. Pofuna kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, 10 g ya boric acid iyenera kuchepetsedwa m'madzi 10 malita. Yankho limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha.
Zimawononga tomato kusowa komanso kuchuluka kwa boron... Kupopera mbewu kumachitika kamodzi, pakakhala maluwa.
Kuperewera kwa nayitrogeni
Kuperewera kwa nayitrogeni kumabweretsa mawonekedwe klorosis... Masamba amakhala ochepa, owonda. Mtundu wa mitsempha ndi lamina umasintha kuchokera kubiriwira kupita kufiira kofiira. Masamba achikulire amakhala otumbululuka, kenako amasanduka achikasu, ndipo pamapeto pake amakhala oyera. Tsinde limauma, ndikupeza utoto wofiira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni
Kusakaniza koyambira m'nthaka kumakhala ndi malita 9 a manyowa (madzi), 25 g wa nitrate youma, 80 g wa phulusa lamatabwa. Kenako mabedi amathiriridwa madzi ambiri. Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika patatha masiku 10 kuchokera pakuika. Chachiwiri - patatha masiku khumi.
Ngati miyezo ndi nthawi ya umuna wa nayitrogeni ikuwonedwa, kuchuluka kwa nitrate mu zipatso sikudzapitirira. Kutatsala milungu iwiri kuti mukolole, siyani kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Zinc ndi vuto la magnesium
Kupanda kwa zinc kumawonetsedwa pakufalikira pamapepala imvi-mkuwa mawanga... Madera a minofu amafera pamwamba papepala. Masamba achichepere amakhala ocheperako, okutidwa ndi zipsera zachikaso, amatenga mawonekedwe owongoka pang'ono. Amakhala osakanikirana, opotoka.
Kudyetsa masamba 5g nthaka sulphate amasungunuka mu malita 10 a madzi.
Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumayamba kuwonekera pamasamba apansi... Mitsempha imakhalabe yobiriwira, ndipo chikasu chimakhala mozungulira iwo, kenako kufiira pang'ono kwa tsamba la masamba, mwina mawonekedwe a utoto wofiirira. Malire a masambawo ndi okwerera m'mwamba, ndikuwapatsa mawonekedwe ofanana. Magnesium chlorosis imapezeka kawirikawiri panthaka ya acidic.
Zona kudyetsa masamba... Sungunulani supuni 1 ya magnesium nitrate mu malita 10 a madzi, omwe adzalowe m'malo mwa mchere wa Epsom.
Manyowa ovuta amitundu yambiri
Opanga nthawi zonse amawonetsa kuphatikizira kwa feteleza papaketi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina.
Malangizo amafotokoza Mlingo ndi njira zoyendetsera mankhwala. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri.
- Mphunzitsi - Imathandizira kukula, imathandizira kukula kwa mizu. Imayambitsidwa pansi pamtunda wa 100-150g pa 1 sq.m.
- Kristalon - Sakanizani 10-20 g wa mankhwalawo mu malita 10 a madzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira munyumba zobiriwira - nthawi iliyonse, kuthirira kutchire - kamodzi pamasabata awiri. Popopera mbewu, sungunulani 10 g wa mankhwalawo mu madzi okwanira 1 litre ndipo muzigwiritsa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata.
- Kemira Lux - Sungunulani 20 g mu 10 malita a madzi.
- Yankho A - Pothirira, sungunulani 10-25g wa mankhwala mu ndowa. Kupopera mbewu, sungunulani 25 g wa mankhwalawo mu malita 10 a madzi. Feteleza amathiridwa kamodzi pa sabata.
Musanagwire ntchito ndi mankhwala, werengani mosamala malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito.
Chofunika - Kutsata njira zachitetezo... Osapumira mpweya wa zothetsera kapena fumbi lopangidwa ndi zinthu zowuma. Olima minda amagwira ntchito zopumira ndi zovala zomwe zimalepheretsa mankhwala kulowa m'malo owonekera a thupi.
Ndikofunikira kusakaniza zigawo zikuluzikulu kuti mupeze feteleza ndi chidaliro chonse pamlingo woyenera.