Njira ya Galina Kizima ndikuti palibe chifukwa chokumba pansi, ndipo mumabzala mbatata mumulu wa kompositi pamwamba pa tubers ndipo mudzakhala ndi mbatata zambiri zathanzi.
Galina Kizima ndi ndani ndipo chifukwa chiyani njira yake ndi yotchuka kwambiri
A Galina Kizima alemba mabuku ambiri amomwe angalimere mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Galina Kizima m'njira yake Anaganiziranso zofunikira za kukula kwa mbatatakutengera luso lathu lokula mbatata pamahekitala asanu ndi limodzi.
Chikhalidwe chonse chaukadaulo
Chofunikira cha njira yobzala ya Kizima ndikuti mbatata sizomwe zimabzalidwa m'nthaka, koma Yoyala pamapiri, osayikumba, kenako yokutidwa ndi udzu ndi chilimwe chonse ndi udzu wong'ambidwa, koma osaphimba zimayambira za mbatata zokha.
Ndiye kuti, osakumba mabedi komanso osathirira mbatata, chifukwa chake, mudzatha kukula ndikukolola zokolola zabwino.
Momwe mungabzalidwe ndikulima mbatata molingana ndi njira ya Kizima
Kukonzekera kubzala zinthu
Sankhani ma tubers athanzi omwe ali ngati kukula kwa mazira omwe nkhuku imayika. The tubers amayamba kukonzekera Miyezi 1-1.5 musanadzalemo.
Amatsukidwa, kuyikidwa mu beseni, lodzazidwa ndi madzi oyera kutentha +45 madigiri, ndi kuchoka mpaka madziwo ataphwa. Sungunulani potaziyamu permanganate ndipo pang'onopang'ono muziitsanulira mu beseni, mosakanikirana bwino ndi madzi ndi potaziyamu permanganate, madziwo ayenera kukhala pinki.
Ndiye nyamukani kwa mphindi 15., kukhetsa madzi, kutsuka mbatata, kuuma. Njirayi imachotsa mabakiteriya ndi majeremusi pakhungu.
Kapena sinthanitsani potaziyamu permanganate ndi Fitosporin solution, kuthira pang'ono Fitosporin m'madzi kuti yankho liwoneke bwino. Thirani Fitosporin wosungunuka mu beseni lokhala ndi ma tubers ndi madzi, chokani kwa mphindi 30., pambuyo pouma mbatata, pamenepa safunika kutsukidwa pansi pamadzi.
Machubu imayikidwa pansi pa kunyezimira kwa dzuwa kwa milungu itatukuwasandutsa obiriwira. Kenaka poizoni wawo wocheperako amatha kuwonekera - solanine, ndipo ma tubers sadzakhala osangalatsa mbewa, hares kapena tizirombo tina.
Mutha kuyika ma tubers mumitsuko yamagalasi ndikuyiyika pazenera, ndikusandutsa mitsuko pakapita nthawi. Kapenanso mutha kuyika nyuzipepala pazenera ndikuyika tubers pamenepo.
Komanso mbatata kumera, amaikidwa mu katoni, momwe amamera mumdima ndi kutentha.
Ikani masentimita 1 mu katoni kuti zisagonane, kuphimba ndi nyuzipepala pamwamba ndikuikanso zina, kenako nyuzipepala ndi gawo lachitatu la mbatata. Tsekani bokosilo ndikukhazikitsa chopondapo pafupi ndi batire. Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri kuti maso akule ndikuwombera kutalika kwa 4-5 cm.
Mbatata zimabzalidwa mbalame za chitumbuwa zitangoyamba maluwa.
Gawo lirilonse ndondomeko yobzala mbatata
Zimadziwika bwino kuti tubers sizimera pa rhizomes, koma mphukira zowoneka bwino zomwe zimakula pansi pa zimayambira, zimatchedwa stolons. Stolons safuna nthaka, amafunika kuda.
Palibe chifukwa chokumba nthaka. Zipatso za tubers kufalikira pa nthaka ya namwali mwachindunji namsongole.
- Pangani mizere iwiri, kusunga mtunda pakati pawo pa 0.4-0.5 m, ndikufalitsa mbatata, kubwerera 20-25 masentimita.
- Siyani chopanda pa 0.2-0.25 m kuchokera pamizere yonse mpaka kanjira. Ndiye kuti, m'lifupi mwa kama muyenera kukhala 0,8-1 m, ndikupanga kutalika komwe mukufuna. Pa 1 mita, mudzakhala ndi ma tubers anayi pamzera umodzi ndi nambala yomweyo munzake.
- Ngati muli ndi ma tubers omwe ndi ochepa kuposa dzira la nkhuku, ndiye ayikeni pamalo amodzi. 2-3 iliyonse kapena mudzakhala ndi mapesi ochepa, choncho mudzakolola pang'ono.
- Musayike tubers omwe ndi akulu kuposa kukula kwa dzira la nkhuku, chifukwa apo ayi mudzalima gawo la pansi, ndipo mizu imakula bwino. Chifukwa cha ichi, mbatata zazikulu kudula limodzikotero kuti pamakhala theka lofananira mphukira iliyonse. Aloleni agone masiku awiri, kenako magawowa adzauma, magawo atatha, fumbi ndi phulusa kuti mabakiteriya asalowe, kenako mubzale.
- Kuchuluka kwa zimayambira pa mbatata, kukolola kumachuluka, chifukwa chake ndibwino kukhala ndi ziphuphu zambiri. Kuti muchite izi, pa mbatata imodzi Masiku 7 musanadzalemo, mtanda wodula umafunika kapena peel peel pakati pa tuber ndi kansalu kocheperako. Ndiye masamba adzaphuka pansi pa mbatata ndipo zimayambira zambiri zimawonekera.
Mizere iyenera kuunikiridwa ndi cheza cha dzuwa tsiku lonse, kapena mbatata zidzakula nsonga zazikulu ndi ma tubers ang'onoang'ono.
M'madera apakati, ikani mitundu yoyambirira kwambiri pamzere umodzi komanso nyengo yapakatikati mzake. Ndipo kumpoto, bzalani mitundu yoyambirira komanso yoyambilira.
Kusamalira mbatata
Chachikulu - kuteteza mabedi ku chisanu kubwerera... Chifukwa cha izi, tsekani mbatata ndi udzu, koma osati udzu. Sichikugwira ntchito chifukwa chimakopa mbewa. Mutha kuphimba zitunda ndi masamba owuma omwe agwa. Ngati mulibe chilichonse cha izi, pezani nyuzipepala kapena pepala lokulunga, mutadula mzidutswa, ndikuziphwanya. Palibe chifukwa chobisira kuyala kwa mzere.
Kotero kuti zonsezi zikuphimba dimba osabalalika, ikani spunboid kapena matumba pamwamba... Simungagwiritse ntchito kanemayo, chifukwa pansi pake kubzala ndi namsongole zidzayamba kuvunda.
Dzuwa litabwerera, chotsani spanboid ndikuyika pogona ponse pazinthu zonse zomwe mumapanga mulu wa kompositi: namsongole, udzu. Ikani pa udzu kapena nyuzipepala, koma osati pa mphukira za mbatata. Chitani izi nthawi yonse yotentha perekani mphukira zazing'ono za mbatata osati ndi dothi, koma ndi udzu wodulidwa.
Koma kumbukirani kuti mutatenthedwa kwambiri, kompositi idzakhazikika, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'onoting'ono titha kuwonekera pang'ono ndikusintha. Chifukwa chake, tsekani ma tubers ndi udzu.
Chifukwa chake, simugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamchere ndi manyowa, musanyowetse kubzala, popeza kompositi yamasamba ndi 80% yamadzi, ndipo ikaola, imatulutsidwa ndikutsikira kuzu wa mbatata.
Nthawi yomweyo, namsongole yemwe amakhala pansi pazomera sizimakula, koma amafa, chifukwa sakuunikiridwa ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa. Pamene mbatata iphulika, tubers imayamba kukula pama stolons. Dulani maluwawo, chifukwa pamafunika mphamvu zambiri kuti akule ndipo akatha kudula mbatata adzagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo zonse kupanga tubers.
Ngati munda wanu wobzala ndi waukulu kwambiri, osavuta dulani nsonga za tchiretchire likangotseka. Kotero nsonga zanu sizikula msinkhu ndipo 2-3 zina zowonjezera zimapangidwa.
Momwe mungakolole komanso liti
Siyani inflorescence imodzi m'tchire m'mizere yonse iwiri. Maluwawo akayamba kufota, mutha kuyamba kukolola.
Ingosuntha kompositi ndi nyamula mbatata zazikulu kwambirindiye mosamala bweretsani manyowawo. Ndikusonkhanitsa izi, ma stolons sadzawonongeka ndipo ayamba kukula tubers.
Mukasonkhanitsa mbatata zonse kuchokera pamzere woyamba, yanizani nsonga kuti ziume. Mwambiri, sikulangizidwa kuyika nsonga za tomato ndi mbatata mumulu wa kompositi, popeza mumakhala ng'ombe ya ngodya, koma ng'ombe yong'ambika idzagwa kuchokera kumawala a dzuwa, mpweya ndi mpweya. Siyani zonsezi m'nyengo yozizira.
Manyowa osapsa amakhala ndi acidic kapena acidic pang'ono; akatenthedwa, salowerera ndale. Koma mbatata ingabzalidwe munthaka ya acidic kapena acidic.