Nkhaka ndiwotchuka kwambiri ndipo amafuna munda wamaluwa. Aliyense amakonda kusangalala ndi nkhaka zokoma zokoma: akulu ndi ana. Makamaka masambawa amayamba kulawa nyengo yozizira yayitali, pomwe thupi limafunikira masamba atsopano kuti abwezeretse kuchepa kwama vitamini pakatha kasupe wa beriberi. Pofuna kukolola nkhaka zakucha msanga, mutha kuzilima bwino.
Kutengera ndi zomwe zingabzalidwe molondola, zovuta sizingachitike ku Krasnodar Territory, Kuban, kapena ku Urals. M'madera akumpoto, mutha kukonza wowonjezera kutentha kapena kubzala pansi pa kanema. Mutha kulima mitundu yololera popanda chinsinsi.
NKHANI za kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses
Kulima mbewu iyi mu wowonjezera kutentha sikungakupatseni mavuto ambiri. Kupatula apo, izi odzichepetsa kwathunthu... Kutengera zofunikira zonse zakukula ndi kusamalira wowonjezera kutentha, mutha kupeza zipatso zabwino kwambiri komanso zokoma, zokolola zake ngakhale zidzaposa zokolola za nkhaka kutchire.
Zofunikira pakukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha wa polycarbonate
Kuti mukolole zipatso zabwino kwambiri mu wowonjezera kutentha wa polycarbonate, muyenera kutsatira zina ndi ukadaulo:
- Kupezeka kwa mpweya wabwino... Izi ndizofunikira. Chomeracho chimafuna mpweya wokwanira wokwanira, pokhapokha pankhaniyi, mabowo amayenera kuyikidwa kuti pasakhale ma drafti.
- Kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha sikuyenera kutsika pansi pamadigiri 13 ndi kuwuka pamwamba madigiri 25.
- Ngati n'kotheka, ndi bwino kuphimba wowonjezera kutentha ndi galasi, chivundikirocho chimapereka kuwala kokwanira kwa mbewu.
Nthawi yoyenera kubzala mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha
Pali njira ziwiri zobzala nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha: mbewu ndi mbande.
Mbande zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha pamene mbande zili kale 4-5 masamba enieni ndipo adadutsa kubaya koyenera.
Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri koyambirira kwa Epulo... Koma zimatengera dera lomwe likukula. Zachidziwikire, nthawi yofika kwa Krasnodar ndi Siberia idzasiyana kwambiri.
Mosasamala kanthu za dera lomwe likukula, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha pokhapokha ngati nthaka yatenthedwa kale komanso kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha osachepera 15-18 madigiri, apo ayi zidzakhala zovuta kuyitsitsimutsa.
M'madera ozizira a dziko lathu, kutentha uku kumatha kupezeka mwa kutenthetsa malo obiriwira. Ndi mbewu, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha mu theka lachiwiri la Epulo.
Gawo lirilonse mwatsatanetsatane posamalira mphukira zoyamba
Mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka mkati mwa masiku 5-7.
Atangowonekera, ayenera kupereka chisamaliro choyenera:
- Muyenera kuwunika mosamalitsa kutentha kwa nthaka... Siziyenera kukhala zochepera kuposa madigiri 12, apo ayi mbande zosakhwima ndi zosavutikira zimatha kukhala zakuda ndikusowa.
- Zomera zazing'ono zimapweteka kwambiri kusintha kwa kutentha. Ndikofunika kukhala ndi khola nthawi zonse kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha: osachepera 18 madigiri.
- Palibe zojambula ndichofunikira kuti kukula kwa mbande zazing'ono zikule.
Kuyatsa
Kuunikira kokwanira ndichofunikira pakukula nkhaka. Chikhalidwe imafuna kuyatsa bwino.
Kutengera dera komanso nyengo yamasamba akukula, pakakhala kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa, zowonjezera kuyatsa kotentha.
Pazifukwa izi, kulandirana kowala ndi kokwanira, komwe kumachita pakuchepa kwamphamvu yakuwala kwanyengo ndikuyatsa yokha. Koma ngati sikutheka kugwiritsa ntchito makina, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi aliwonse.
Nkhaka amafunikira kuyatsa kwabwino kwa maola 12. Koma amafunikiranso mdima wathunthu. Zomera ziyenera kusungidwa mumdima kwa maola 6-8 tsiku lililonse.
Kuthirira
Nkhaka ndi 90% madzi ndipo kukonda chinyezi kwambiri... Kuthirira mbewu ziyenera kukhala munthawi yake. Musanayambe maluwa, m'pofunika kuthirira mbande masiku asanu aliwonse. Poterepa, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yamaluwa, kuthirira kumafunikira kukulitsidwa ndikuchitika. osachepera 2 pa sabata, komanso masiku otentha komanso tsiku lililonse. Malinga ndi zachizolowezi, ndiyofunika kuthirira ndi madzi otentha kutentha. Ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka, koma osati zimayambira ndi masamba.
Zovala zapamwamba
Mbewu ya masamba iyi imakonda mitundu yonse ya feteleza. Muyenera kudyetsa nkhaka nthawi yonse yokula. Pazinthu izi, zinthu zowola, phulusa, feteleza amchere ndizoyenera.
Mutha kuthira manyowa Kamodzi pamlungu, m'nyengo yonse yokula. Pokhapokha nyengo yamaluwa isanachitike, feteleza wocheperako amagwiritsidwa ntchito, panthawi yamaluwa imakulirakulira pang'ono, ndipo Mlingo waukulu kwambiri wa feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yogwira zipatso.
Manyowa amchere ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsatira malangizo a kagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kusamalira nkhaka zomwe zakula
Garter
Nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zimakula mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo zimayenera kumangidwa sabata iliyonse... Kuti muchite izi, njira zakumtunda za nkhaka zimangirizidwa pachingwe. Ndi bwino kudula mphukira zapansi, kusiya ma sinus awiri okha kuti apange pollination.
Tsinani
Kutsina kapena kudulira ndikofunikira kuti muonjezere zokolola ndikuwongolera kukoma kwa chipatso. Munthawi yamaluwa, mitundu yonse yamwamuna ndi wamkazi inflorescence imapangidwa pa zikwapu za nkhaka.
Male inflorescences - maluwa osabereka ofunika kufufuta, ndi akazi - kutsina... Mwanjira imeneyi, mudzakulitsa zokolola zanu ndikuwonjezera nthawi yobala zipatso mukasamalira bwino.
Zovuta zotheka
Zovuta pakukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha zitha kuchitika pakafunika kuyatsa kosakwanira komanso kutentha.
Ngati mukukula mitundu yomwe imafuna kuyendetsa mungu, onetsetsani kuti kupereka njuchi mu wowonjezera kutentha... Koma ngati mutsatira malamulo onse ndi malingaliro, ndiye kuti palibe zovuta zomwe zingakuwopsezeni ndipo chomeracho chikukuthokozani ndi zokolola zabwino kwambiri.
Ndemanga
Vladimir: novice masamba wolima. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ndinayesera kulima nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ndinali ndi nkhawa kuti sindingathe kupirira, koma zonse zinayenda bwino, ndikutsatira malangizowo ndipo sabata yachiwiri takhala tikututa nkhaka zabwino za crispy.
Lyubov Pavlovna: adapuma pantchito. Ndakhala ndikugwira ntchito kumunda kwa nthawi yayitali, kuyambira pomwe ndidapuma pantchito. Amalima nkhaka kutchire. Koma chaka chino, kwa nthawi yoyamba, mwana wanga wamwamuna wandimangira wowonjezera kutentha. Ndinaganiza zodzala nkhaka mmenemo. Ndinachita zonse momwe ziyenera kukhalira ndipo tsopano ndikutha kuthyola nkhaka zokoma nthawi yachisanu.
Vasily: wochita bizinesi. Ndakhala ndikulima nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kwazaka zingapo tsopano. Zokolola ndi kukoma kwa zipatso wowonjezera kutentha ndizabwino, chiwonetserochi ndichonso, ndimagulitsa zinthu zanga pamsika, ndili ndi makasitomala anga wamba. Ndine wokondwa ndi chilichonse.
Vera: mayi wapanyumba. Chaka choyamba ndinayesa kulima nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ziyembekezero zanga zokolola zochuluka sizinachitike, zokololazo zinali zochepa. Ndinayesa kupeza chifukwa chodzipezera ndekha ndikupeza: mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira kuyendetsa mungu, koma sindinapatse njuchi mwayi.
Nikolay: adapuma pantchito. Timabzala nkhaka ndi mkazi wanga. Timadzipezera tokha ndi ana athu zokolola zabwino. Mu wowonjezera kutentha, zokolola ndizokwera kuposa kutchire.
Kutsatira malamulo onse ndi malingaliro, mupeza zokolola zabwino kwambiri za nkhaka zomwe zimabzalidwa wowonjezera kutentha.