Kubzala pamtunda woyenera kumapatsa chomeracho malo abwino oti mukolole bwino. Olima dimba ovomerezeka amabzala mbewu zamasamba pansi pa wolamulira, wodziwa zambiri - ndi diso. Tsabola ndi chikhalidwe chopanda tanthauzo, muyenera kutsatira malingaliro ake olimidwa. M'mbuyomu, tiwona momwe molondola komanso patali bwanji kubzala mbande za masamba awa.
Nthawi yobzala tsabola pansi
Mbande za tsabola ndi chikhalidwe choseketsa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti tisanyalanyaze mfundo zofunika. Panthawi yobzala pabedi, mbande ziyenera kukhala ndi masamba 8-10. Kuloledwa ndi masamba opangidwa, pamene tsabola amamasula, sangathe kuikidwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti panthawi yamaluwa kudzakhala kovuta kuti mbewuyo ikhazikike m'malo atsopano.
Maluwa amatha kugwa, koma mbande sizilandiridwa. Palinso nthawi yomwe muyenera kuyamba kubzala komanso nthawi itatha. Nthawi izi zimasiyana kutengera dera. Pakubzala m'mabedi otseguka, kutentha kwakukulu kuyenera kukhala kutentha kwa 15-18 ° C.
Muyenera kudikirira mpaka mantha a kasupe atadutsa, apo ayi, chifukwa cha kutentha kwa nthaka, chomeracho chimakula bwino. Mwayi wakukula kwa matenda ukuwonjezeka. Mbande za tsabola belu ndi tsabola wowawa zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa Meyi. Kuti musawope chisanu cha usiku, onetsetsani kuti mukuphimba ndi kanema kapena thewera.
Ndi bwino kuchedwa kuposa kuthamangira, chisanu chausiku zitha kuwononga zokolola zonse zamtsogolo.
Kodi ndizotheka kubzala tsabola wowawa komanso wotsekemera magawo awiri pa dzenje lililonse
Olima minda nthawi zambiri amafunsa funso, ndi tsabola zingati zoti mubzale dzenje? Kubzala zidutswa 2-3 ndi kopindulitsa, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa ambiri. Akayeserapo njirayi kamodzi, nthawi zambiri amayimilira. Njira yolumikizirana imapereka zokolola zabwino. Njira yobzala dzenje limodzi ili ndi maubwino ambiri:
- tchire ziwiri ndizotheka ameneyo azika mizu ngati wachiwiri awonongeka ndi chimbalangondo;
- mbande zolimba zimagwiritsitsa, kulankhulana wina ndi mzake, pakukula, sikutanthauza garter;
- mwa njira iyi, mbewu zimakhala ndi mungu wochokera, anthu ankati "tsabola amakonda kunong'oneza";
Mukamamera mbande pawiri, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kuti kukula muzu umodzi kumatha kupereka zipatso zazing'ono. Ngati mitundu iwiri yosiyana imamera limodzi, kuyendetsa mungu moyenerera, kumatheka. Zosankha zonsezi zili ndi maubwino ake. Olima dimba amapanga zisankho kutengera zomwe akufuna.
Ntchito yokonzekera kubwera
Chomera chilichonse m'munda chimafuna nthaka yathanzi, chimayenera kukhala ndi humus wokwanira. Momwe mungamvetsetse ngati nthaka yakunyumba ili yoyenera kumunda ndikubzala? Nthaka yochokera kumunda iyenera kuthandizidwa. Ngati ndi yotayirira komanso yopanda pake, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimakhala chosavuta. Ntchito yokonzekera ili ndi izi:
- Ndizofunikira kumasula nthaka bwino, loot, chotsani udzu ndi zinyalala.
- Chongani malo amunda wamtsogolo. Yesani mzere wofunikirako.
- Madzi ochuluka mapira okhala ndi mbande usiku usanadzalemo, chifukwa chake zidzakhala zosavuta kuzisiyanitsa ndi zotengera.
Zokolola zabwino sizimamera panthaka yolemera komanso acidic, chifukwa mizu imafunikira chinyezi ndi mpweya.
Zoyika mdzenje lija
Kuti mbewuyo idye kuchokera muzu, ndibwino kuyika masamba osakaniza mkati mwabowo. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku phulusa, utuchi ndi feteleza (manyowa, ndowe za mbalame). Manyowa amatengedwa nthawi yophukira. Ndikofunika kuti anali atagona komanso kuzizira kangapo. Ngati mutenga fetereza watsopano, amatha kutentha mbande. Ndikokwanira kuwonjezera chisakanizo chimodzi cha masamba mkati mwa dzenje.
Ena amangowonjezera ammonium nitrate pamzu. Olima wamaluwa odziwa ntchito, kuopseza chimbalangondo kuchokera kumzu, zimayikira mazira osweka. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yoteteza, chipolopolocho chimadyetsa tchire ndi calcium. Kuti mizu isavunde, ngati dothi siliri lotayirira, amawaza peat kapena humus.
Thirirani chisakanizo musanachiwonjezere pachitsime. Ngati izi zachitika kale, michere imatha kulowa pansi panthaka.
Malamulo obzala mbande pamalo otseguka
- Zili bwino Bzalani madzulo, dzuwa likamalowa. Izi zikachitika kutentha, mbewu zimafota msanga, ndipo kupumula kwake kumakhala kovuta.
- Ndibwino ngati kukugwa mvula nthawi imeneyi, ndiye dothi lidzakhala lonyowa. Zikhala zosavuta kuti mbewu zamasamba zizolowere.
- Ngati mbandezo zamera paokha, musanadzalemo, ma trays ayenera kutengedwa kupita kumsewu pasadakhale... Muloleni iye azolowere malo otseguka.
- Tsabola ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi ndiye zidzakhala zosavuta kuwatulutsa mumiphika.
- Muyenera kuchotsa tchire m'miphika mosamala. Kudzala pamodzi ndi nthaka, komwe adakulira. Izi zidzathandiza chomera kuthana ndi mavuto mosavuta.
- Ngati mbande zagula, muyenera sungani pamalo ozizira. Mizu iyenera kukulungidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa.
- Ngati mukufuna mizu imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi chopititsa patsogolo kukula. Zolimbikitsa zidzakuthandizani kuti muzike mizu mwachangu ndikukula bwino.
Mtunda woti mubzale
Mtunda wapakati pa mizere uyenera kukhala masentimita 50-60 pamitundu yotsika pang'ono, komanso pafupifupi masentimita 70 pazitsamba zazikulu za tsabola. Pakati pa tchire 25-30 cm. Mukabzala mopanda kanthu, chomeracho sichilandira kuwala kokwanira. Kudzakhala kovuta kusamalira tchire, kudzakhala kovuta kumasula nthaka ndi manyowa.
Kubzala pamtunda woyenera kudzaonetsetsa kuti zokolola zili bwino ndikukhala kosavuta.
Zomwe zili ndi tsabola ndi mawonekedwe azisamaliro
Kuyambira nthawi yobzala, chisamaliro chofunikira chimafunika, tchire likayamba, zidzakhala zosavuta. Ngati chimbalangondo chimadya tchire, muyenera kumenyana nacho. Bzalani zatsopano m'malo mwa tchire lomwe likusowa. M'tsogolomu, kusiya kumakhala ndi mfundo izi:
- nthaka sayenera kuuma;
- kupereka kumasula pafupipafupi;
- kamodzi pamasabata awiri chakudya;
- madzi m'mawa kapena madzulo;
- chomera amakonda kukonkha, koma osati kutentha;
- ngati matenda awo awonedwa, amafunika kuthandizidwa;
- dulani tsabola kuthengo mosamala, kuti musawonongeke;
- tchire lalikulu ndi mbewu zochuluka bwino kumangirira.
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira mundawo kumafunikira luso linalake lomwe limabwera pazaka zambiri. Powerenga malingaliro othandiza, mutha ngakhale wolima dimba wongoyamba kumene kulima mbewu iyi kuchokera ku mbewu ndikusonkhanitsa zokolola zambiri m'munda.
Zotsatira zabwino zimatengera kubzala mbande, ngati zonse zachitika molondola, sipadzakhala zovuta pakukula.
Popanda kulingalira kufunikira kwa mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi mbewu, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa zokolola zambiri. Osabzala pafupi kwambiri. Zitsamba zobzalidwa kwambiri zidzatambasula m'mwamba. Tsabola wobzalidwa pang'ono, onse otentha komanso okoma, amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilala. Muzinthu zonse, malo obzala omwe alipo pakati pa wamaluwa ayenera kulemekezedwa.