Mphesa zokongola zakhala zotchuka kwanthawi yayitali.... Palibe ngakhale chaka chimodzi chomwe chimadutsa kuti akatswiri asankhe mitundu yatsopano yazomera. Komabe, olima vinyo amapereka zokonda zawo pamitundu yapa tebulo, imodzi mwa iyo ndi "Krasotka".
Kufotokozera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa Krasotka
Tiyeni tiyambe monga mwa nthawi zonse ndi malongosoledwe. Mitengo ya kutalika kwapakati, yokhala ndi maluwa ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Amadziwika ndi mizu yakuya m'magulu ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikule mwachangu komanso kusasitsa koyambirira.
Wosakanizidwa amakulolani kuti mukolole miyezi itatu ndi theka - miyezi inayi... Magulu akucha amawoneka okongola panja, zipatso zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe amitundu.
Zokolola ndizochepa. Kulemera kwake kwa magulu otalikirana komanso ocheperako pang'ono kumafika magalamu mazana asanu ndi limodzi mphambu mazana asanu ndi limodzi.
Makhalidwe a zipatso
Chomeracho chimapanga zipatso zokongola zazikulu zazikulu, kulemera kwawo kwapakati ndi magalamu sikisi mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Mafomuwo ndi otalikirana, kumapeto kwa magawo ake kumakhala kachingwe kakang'ono. Mtundu wa khungu ndi pinki yakuda, nsonga zake ndizofiirira. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kosangalatsa; mithunzi ya fungo la nutmeg imakhalapo.
Zamkati ndi zotsekemera komanso zowutsa mudyo, zimakhala zowawa pang'ono. Mbewu zimadutsamo kawirikawiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwake sikupitilira zidutswa ziwiri.
Khungu ndi lamphamvu, koma lochepa, pafupifupi silimamveka mukamadya. Shuga amakwana magalamu 15 pa 100 cubic sentimita, acidity ndi 6.6 g / dm 3. cub.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Chomeracho chili ndi mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri kotero kuti zimapangitsa kukhala kokongola kwambiri pakulima pachiwembu chanu.
Ubwino waukulu wachikhalidwe ndi izi:
- Kulimbana kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, kulibe mawanga pakhungu la zipatso;
- kuthekera kopirira chisanu mpaka - 24 C;
- chomeracho chimatsutsana ndi zotupa ndi oidium ndi imvi zowola, mildew ndi anthracnose;
- zipatso ndi zokongola kunja, zimawonetsedwa bwino, zokoma kwambiri;
- Zokolola zimakhala zochepa, koma zimakhala zolimba;
- pali mwayi wokolola msanga.
Koma ndi zabwino zambiri, pali zina zoyipa:
- nyengo yamvula, zipatso zokhala ndi khungu losweka zimawoneka pamagulu;
- mipesa yomwe ikukula imasiyana pamitundu ina;
- ku matenda angapo, mphesa Kukongola kumawonetsera mulingo wokana kukana.
Kufika
Kukongola, monga mitundu ina yamphesa, ndi chomera chokonda dzuwa, chimafunikira kuunika ndi kutentha kwambiri. Dothi lililonse ndiloyenera kukula, koma ndikofunikira kuti ngalande zabwino zizikonzedwa pamalo pobzala. Acidity wa nthaka amaloledwa pafupifupi.
Podzala mbewu ndi cuttings, malo otsetsereka omwe amapita kumwera kapena kumwera chakumadzulo amasankhidwa. M'madera akumpoto, mphesa ziyenera kubzalidwa pafupi ndi makoma kapena mipanda. Kutsika kwa mpweya wozizira kwa mipesa ndikutsutsana.
Momwemo, pobzala mphesa, padzakhala dothi lamchenga kapena lakuda., dothi lamiyala komanso losweka ndiloyenera. Pansi pazikhalidwe zotere kuti zipatsozo ndizabwino kwambiri. Malo omwe ali ndi mchere wambiri komanso madambo sayenera kutulutsidwa. Madzi apansi panthaka sayenera kupitirira mita imodzi ndi theka kuchokera padziko lapansi.
Nthaka iyenera kukonzekera musanadzalemo. Amakumba, dothi lokhala ndi acidic limanidwa. Malowa ayenera kukhala ndi manyowa, humus, ngati kuli kofunikira, onjezerani vitamini maofesi.
M'dzenje lodzala, kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino, pamatulutsidwa miyala yosakanizika ndi nthaka. Ngati dothi ndi lolimba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera superphosphates.
Kwa dothi lamchenga lamchenga, ndibwino kuti muwonjezere kukonzekera kwa nayitrogeni, koma ngalande sizingakonzedwe, popeza dziko lapansi palokha limaloleza chinyezi ndi mpweya.
Minda yamchenga imasangalatsidwa kwambiri ndi manyowa kapena humus, onjezerani peat. Kuti chomeracho chizike bwino, onjezani superphosphates kubowo lobzala.
Mbande zimabzalidwa mozama masentimita makumi asanu mpaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi kuti ziteteze mizu ku kuzizira. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kusiya malo olumikiza kumtunda. Chitsambacho chimamangirizidwa kuzingwe zothandizira, zomwe zidakonzedweratu. Kutsirira kumachitika mu zidebe zitatu, dziko lapansi limakulungidwa.
Nthawi yofikira ndi:
- 1.2 mita - m'mbali mwa makoma kapena mipanda;
- 1.5 mita - m'malo otseguka.
Kukongola kumabzalidwa mchaka cha masika, mpaka chomeracho chitasungunuka masamba ake.
Kusamalira mipesa yaying'ono komanso yokhwima
Chomeracho, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chimapereka zokolola zokhazikika. Mipesa yosakanizidwa imafunikira kuthirira mwatsatanetsatane.
Ngati kukugwa mvula, ndiye kuti madzi sayenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Pa masiku owuma, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kuyenera kukulitsidwa. Amasiya kuthirira chomeracho kutatsala masiku khumi kuti akolole kuti zipatsozo zisang'ambe.
Kuvala pamwamba ndikofunikira. Nyimbo zikamayikidwa pobzala, ndiye kuti mpesa suyenera kudyetsedwa mpaka zaka zitatu zokula.
Tchire likayamba kubzala, zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi nitrogen. Phosphorus ndi potaziyamu amafunika popanga maluwa ndi kucha.
Manyowa amayamba chaka chilichonse ngati mankhwala, kudyetsa masamba kumachitika pokonzekera mchere.
Chofunikira posamalira chomera ndikupanga tchire.
Kale mchaka chachinayi chakukula, chitsamba chili ndi mipesa inayi yazipatso. Kuti mumange nyonga, muyenera kukhala ndi mphukira zitatu pamitengo ili yonse. Mipesa imadulidwa m'maso 4 - 6 kapena 6 - 8.
Nthaka yozungulira mipesa imadzazidwa. Nthawi yachisanu, tchire tikulimbikitsidwa kuti titchinjiridwe ku chisanu.
Njira zoberekera
Izi zimachitika ndikumamatilitsa, pomwe katunduyo ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala... Alimi odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mitundu yolimba polumikiza kuti apange mitengo yowonjezerapo ndipo potero amatulutsa zokolola.
Koma pali mbali yolakwika pa njirayi. Mu chomerapo kumtengowo, zosiyanasiyana zimayamba kukhala zosakhazikika. Khalidwe la mbeu ndi zipatso zake zimayamba kudalira nthaka.
Makhalidwe azosiyanasiyana izi
Kuthirira kumayamba masamba atadzuka pa mipesa, ndipo chisanu chasiya kubwerera usiku. Chinyezi chimawonjezedwa mpaka chomera chitaphimbidwa nyengo yachisanu.
Kulengedwa kwa chitetezo cha chomeracho nthawi yozizira ndichofunikira, chifukwa sichinakhazikitsidwe chomwe chimakhala chisanu "Mkazi Wokongola" popanda mavuto.
Zitsambazi zimadulidwa kangapo nthawi iliyonse yokula.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Minda yamphesa iyenera kutetezedwa ku mavu ndi matenda a fungal. Kwa tizilombo, kukonzekera kwapadera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwapha. Muyenera kuwonjezera mankhwalawo pakapu yamadzi ndikuyiyika pafupi ndi chitsamba. Njira yachiwiri ndi matumba a gauze omwe amaikidwa pagulu lililonse.
Kwa matenda osiyanasiyana, mankhwala opewera amathandizidwa ndi Radomil kapena Amistar. Pakati pa nyengo yokula, ndikwanira kuchita zopopera zitatu kapena zinayi.
Mitundu yamphesa yofiira ndiyotchuka ndipo imakonda kwambiri. Wokonza dimba aliyense amatha kumakula, ngakhale pakati pa oyamba kumene. Mukungoyenera kutsatira zofunikira zaukadaulo waulimi.