Malo apadera pakuswana kwa nkhuku amakhala ndi kulima kwa haibridi. Ndi kwa ziweto zomwe nkhuku za Redbro zimakhala zawo, zomwe zidawonekera koyamba m'mafamu a nkhuku zaka zopitilira zana zapitazo ndipo zidabadwa mwa kuwoloka mbalame zaku Cornish ndimatumba omenyera achi Malay.
Malo obadwira a Redbrough ndi Great Britainkoma amakonda kwambiri alimi a nkhuku ku France ndi United States. M'nkhaniyi, tiwunikanso mawonekedwe a nkhuku za redbro. Tiyeni tikambirane za kufotokozera nkhuku za redbro, komanso kuti tidziwe zinsinsi zoweta.
Nkhuku zofiira: kufotokozera mitundu
Zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa oyamba kumene mu bizinesi ya nkhuku kusiyanitsa nkhuku za redbro kuchokera kumagulu wamba, makamaka chifukwa cha mawonekedwe akunja a mtunduwo.
Maonekedwe
Redbro ndi mtundu waukulu wa mbalame. Mutu wa nkhuku ndi waukulu, nthenga zake ndizolimba. Nkhuku zouma zimakhala ndi mlomo waufupi, wodziwika bwino komanso chisa chofiira kwambiri. Mawonekedwe a crest ndi ofanana ndi tsamba kapena mawonekedwe a pod. Ma earlobes ndi owala, kuwapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuwona.
Zonse mu tambala ndi nkhuku, kutambasula minofu kumawoneka bwino pansi pa nthenga. Miyendo ndi mbalame zakuda, zowirira, zamphamvu, zotalikirana kwambiri, metatarsus amakula bwino.
Mtundu wa nthengawo ndi wofiira, nthawi zina umasanduka bulauni yofiirira. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame zokhala ndi nthenga zoyera zimapezeka., koma mtundu uwu wa nthenga amaonedwa kuti ndi wokha osati wongokhala.
Kutentha
Nkhuku za Redbro zimakhazikika kwambiri, zimapatsa bata komanso bata, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osavuta kusunga ndi mbalame zina. Mukamabereka mtunduwu, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zitseko, Redbros amakonda kwambiri ufulu, chifukwa chake khola lalikulu la nkhuku loyenda mwaulere ndiloyenera kusamalira.
Kutentha kochepa mu khola la nkhuku sikuyenera kutsika mpaka madigiri 7 ndikukwera pamwamba pa 25. Koma enawo, nkhuku ndizoposa kudzichepetsa, ndizosavuta kuzisunga kuposa mitundu ina, kuphatikiza ma broiler.
Minda yamafakitale kapena minda yanyumba
Redbro - nkhuku ndizosunthika, mbalame zimakhala momasuka pa chiwembu wamba komanso pafamu yayikulu ya nkhuku. Amaweta pafupipafupi kuti apeze mazira ambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, mtundu uwu ndi wa dzira ndi nyama, ndipo umafunikira kwambiri izi.
Nkhuku za Redbro zimalimidwa kwambiri ku Europe ndi America, pomwe kuyera kwa mtunduwo kumayang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri owona za zinyama, zomwe ndizosatheka m'ndalama zakumbuyo.
Khalidwe
Kulemera kwa nkhuku ndi atambala
Kuswana nkhuku za redbrough ndi bizinesi yopindulitsa kwambiri. Kulemera kwa nkhuku zazikulu kumafika makilogalamu atatu, tambala - makilogalamu 4.5, ndipo mbalame zimafikira kulemera kumeneku miyezi 4-5 pakudya chakudya wamba.
Kupanga mazira
Pafupifupi, nkhuku imodzi yayikulu imatha kuikira mazira 160 pachaka. Koma magawo ena atha kukhala ndi mikhalidwe yowonjezera mazira, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wopeza mazira 250-300 pachaka.
Unyinji wa mazira
Mazira a redbro hens ndi apakatikati kukula, mtundu wa mazirawo ndi oyera kapena owala beige. Kulemera kwa dzira ndi magalamu osachepera 60-70.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamagulu patsiku
Kudyetsa mbalame imodzi, yokalamba:
- kuyambira masabata awiri mukufunika zosachepera 100-150 magalamu azakudya patsiku;
- nkhuku yamasabata atatu imadya pafupifupi magalamu 180-200 a chakudya;
- nkhuku ya mwezi umodzi imadya magalamu osachepera 200-220 patsiku;
- anapiye azaka 5-6 milungu amafunika avareji yama 230-240 magalamu azakudya;
- nkhuku kuyambira milungu 7 mpaka 8 iyenera kudya osachepera 245-250 magalamu azakudya zamagulu;
- nkhuku yazaka theka iyenera kudyetsedwa magalamu 300-350 a chakudya chamagulu patsiku.
Zakudya zingati pa dzira?
Kuti mupeze dzira limodzi, nkhuku imayenera kudya osachepera magalamu 50 a tirigu, magalamu 30 a phala lonyowa, magalamu 100 a mbatata yophika, magalamu 10 a makeke a mafuta, magalamu 10 a ufa waudzu, magalamu 100 a mkaka, pini zingapo za choko ndi mchere wa patebulo. Kupezeka kwa gwero lamadzi oyera nthawi zonse ndikofunikira.
Mitundu yambiri yamafuta ofiyira ofiyira
Ku Russia, nthawi zambiri samapeza kugawanika kwa nkhuku za redbro kukhala mitundu, koma oweta nkhuku aku Europe amadziwa bwino kugawanika kwa mbalame kukhala M redbro ndi C redbro. Onsewa amaleredwa ndi Hubbard, famu yayikulu kwambiri yankhuku ku France yolera mbalame zamtunduwu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya redbro M nkhuku imapezeka podutsa zigawo za redbro M ndimatambala a redbro. Momwemonso, ndizotheka kupeza redbro S.
Kuswana
Kuti mulere nkhuku zathanzi, m'pofunika kupanga zakudya zoyenera.
Anapiye a redbro azaka zakubadwa ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza mkaka watsopano, tchizi kanyumba ndi masamba amadyetsedwa bwino. Chofunikira cha chakudyacho chiyenera kukhala dzira lophika kwambiri komanso lodulidwa. Nkhuku zazikulu zimapatsidwa phala lonyowa ndi louma.
Nkhuku zazikulu za Redbro zimakonda masamba odulidwa ndi zipatso... Ngati mitengo yazipatso imamera kuseli kwakumbuyo, nkhuku zimatha kudya zipatso zopsa kwambiri komanso zogwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kupatsa mbalame mwayi wamiyala yaying'ono, choko, phulusa, kapena zipolopolo.
Kuti mahellls akhale olimba, mbatata, mikate yamafuta, silage, ufa wa paini komanso mkaka uyenera kuwonjezeredwa pazakudya zamtundu uliwonse.
Mawonekedwe:
Amasunga mbalame mnyumba yankhuku zonse, ndikuyika zofunikira, zodyetsa komanso omwera mmenemo. Chofunikira cha nyumba ya nkhuku chiyenera kukhala chidebe ndi phulusa ndi mchenga, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti nkhuku zizisamba zowuma, zomwe zimateteza ku ziweto.
Mbalame ndi zoyera kwambiri, choncho nyumbayo iyenera kutsukidwa kamodzi pa sabata, kuchotsa udzu wapamwamba womwe ukufunika kuyikapo pansi ndikupaka wina watsopano.
Ngakhale kuti mbalame za pamtandawu zimawerengedwa kuti sizikulimbana ndi matenda amitundumitundu, ndibwino kupatsira katemera ziweto zonse, komanso kupha tizilombo m'chipinda chomwe nkhuku zimakhala nthawi yayitali.
Pothira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito 2% caustic soda solution, 3% formalin solution, kapena 3-5% p-creolin solution.
Kudenga ndi makoma a khola la nkhuku kuyenera kupukutidwa ndi laimu ndikusiya kuti awonongeke kwa tsiku limodzi. Pokhapo ndi pomwe nkhuku zimakhazikika komweko.
Nkhuku zazing'ono zimasungidwa m'chipinda chapadera kutentha mpaka madigiri 33.
Matenda ndi chithandizo
Poyerekeza ndi ma broilers, pomwe mtanda uwu umawoneka kwambiri mikhalidwe yakunja ndi nyama, omalizawa ali ndi maubwino angapo amtengo wapatali. Chofunika kwambiri mwa izi ndikulimbana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a nkhuku, monga:
- Matenda achilengedwe. Matenda opatsirana, omwe zizindikiro zake zimawonetsedwa makamaka m'matumbo. Nkhuku imayamba kusanza kwambiri, kutsegula m'mimba ndikotheka. Pali kusowa kwa njala, malungo, kufooka kwakukulu. Matendawa amapatsirana ndimadontho oyenda mlengalenga, anapiye athanzi tsiku lililonse amatha kutenga kachilomboka akamadya mazira. Samizani matendawa ndi maantibayotiki.
- Coccidiosis. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi tiziromboti. Matendawa amapatsirana pogonana. Zizindikiro zake ndi kutsegula m'mimba, mphwayi, malungo, kukhumudwa. Mankhwalawa ndi furagin, zolen ndi coccidin. Mankhwalawa amawonjezeredwa m'madzi ndi chakudya cha mbalame zodwala komanso zathanzi. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhudza nyama zazing'ono.
- Pasteurellosis. Chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa ndikusintha kwamabulu amphongo ndi scallop. Mbalame imayamba kutopa, kutsegula m'mimba, ntchentche kuchokera mphuno, malungo, kutupa m'miyendo. Amachiza matendawa ndi mankhwala a sulfa, panthawi imodzimodziyo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo a nkhuku.
- Matenda a Salmonellosis. Katemera wosakhalitsa ungayambitse matenda a mbalame ndi salmonellosis. Kufooka, kusasamala, kusowa kwa njala, kutsegula m'mimba, kusiya kukula kwa nyama zazing'ono, kutupa kuzungulira maso kumawerengedwa ngati zizindikilo za matendawa. Chitani matendawa ndi furazolidone powonjezera mankhwalawo kumadzi akumwa. Njira ya chithandizo ndi masiku 10, pomwe mbalame zodwala zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizikhala kutali ndi zathanzi.
Matenda omwe adatchulidwayo amadziwika ndi mitundu yonse ya mbalame, koma nkhuku za redbro zimadwala nawo pafupipafupi kuposa ena, omwe amasamaliridwa ndi omwe amapanga mtanda.
Ubwino ndi zovuta za mtunduwo
Ubwino waukulu wa redbro cross ndi awa:
- kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa nyama zazing'ono;
- nyama ya zakudya;
- mazira ambiri;
- chizoloŵezi chonenepa;
- kuthekera kwakanthawi kunenepa;
- mbalame zokongola.
Chosavuta cha mtunduwu ndi kufanana kwake ndi nkhuku wamba zaku Russia, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogulitsa osakhulupirika.
Ndi bwino kugula nkhuku kwa oweta odalirika omwe ali ndi mbiri yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Ndemanga za mtunduwo
Evgeniya Viktorovna: Wotchera wofiira wanthawi zonse. Ndinkakonda kukoma kwa nyamayo, komanso kuchuluka kwake. Monga nkhuku, redbro nkhuku sizoyipa, ndidakhutitsidwa ndikukula kwakucheperako, ngakhale kutaya zina mwazofunikira za makolo.
Lidiya: Ndinagula nkhuku zaka 3 zapitazo pamsonkhano wina waulimi ku Yaroslavl. Sindinaone zikhalidwe zilizonse zoyipa. Chokhacho chomwe chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala ndi ukhondo wa khola la nkhuku, redbros pafupifupi samadwala, zomwe zimandisangalatsa kwambiri.
Valentine:Mtanda wokwera, sindinagwirepo ntchito ndi mbalame yotereyi kale. Nyama ndi yokoma, ngakhale mitsempha yaying'ono. Kukoma kwa mazira sikufotokozedweratu. Ndimasunga nkhuku mu mbalame wamba, chikhalidwe chawo ndi chamtendere, sindinazindikire vuto lililonse pakumvana, chifukwa chake ndimalimbikitsa kwa oweta nkhuku onse. Msonkhano wa Nkhuku
Mapeto
Redbro nkhuku ndi mtanda wa Chingerezi, wowetedwa kuti athe kupeza nyama yambiri yazakudya munthawi yochepa kwambiri. Makhalidwe a nyama ndi dzira la mtanda amayamikiridwa m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi. Kuchokera nkhuku imodzi ndizotheka kupeza kuchokera ku mazira 160 pachaka.