Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti chiwembu chake sichachikulu, ndipo eni ake amafuna zokolola zochuluka. Kapena tomato amalimidwa kuti agulitsidwe ndipo muyenera kubwerera kokwanira kuthengo lililonse... Zoyenera kuchita kuti muwonjezere zokolola? Kuwunikaku kukufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira yolondola yopangira tomato molingana ndi njira ya Maslov.
Chofunika cha kukula kwa tomato molingana ndi njira ya Maslov
Mu 1985, magazini ya Household Economy idasindikiza nkhani Mizu kufunafuna nthaka. Wolemba wake, wolima dimba wochita masewerawa kuchokera ku Kaliningrad pafupi ndi Moscow, I.M. Maslov adalongosola mwatsatanetsatane njira yake yopezera tomato wambiri polimbikitsa mizu.
Zinakhazikitsidwa potengera kuti mwachilengedwe, chitsamba cha phwetekere chimafalikira pansi, kotero ndikosavuta kuti iye apange mizu ndikusunga zipatso zakucha mochuluka. Ndipo obereketsa, kuti asunge malo obzala, amakonda kubzala mitundu yayitali yokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu. Zotsatira zake, chomeracho chimakhala ndi muzu wosaya bwino, ndipo mbewuyo imaswa nthambi zake.
Pempho la Maslov lalingaliro lapeza yankho labwino ndipo likugwiritsidwabe ntchito motetezeka ngati lothandiza.
Kalekale nkhaniyi isanatulutsidwe, njira yofananira yolima inagwiritsidwanso ntchito kumwera kwathu kwa Russia popanga tomato wouma mu steppe.
Mbande zimabzalidwa m'mabowo ozama ndikuthirira kamodzi kokha, mukamabzala. Kenako adangodzunjikana ndikuphimba ndi mulch. Chomeracho, motsogozedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndi dzuwa, chimafalikira pansi ndikukula mizu bwino pofunafuna chinyezi. Zokolola nthawi zonse zinali zambiri, tomato anali achikulire, otsekemera komanso achikopa.
Maslov adapereka njira ziwiri zatsopano zobzala momwe chomeracho chitha kukulira mizu molingana ndi kucha kwa chipatsocho.
Njira yoyamba yowonjezera zokolola
Kubzala mopingasa kumawoneka kosavuta ngakhale kwa munthu yemwe sadziwa zambiri pakukula kwa mbewu:
- phwetekere mbande vertically kuyika wowonjezera kutenthakupeza thunthu lolimba;
- kenako iye amasamutsidwa kumalo otseguka, pomwe zimabzalidwa mu kanjira kogonera kotero kuti osati muzu wokha, komanso zimayambira ziwiri zimakutidwa ndi nthaka (masamba ayenera kuchotsedwa mmenemo);
- malo a mmera ayenera kukhala mosamalitsa kumwera - izi zachitika kuti chomeracho chitha kukwera molunjika ku kuwala kwa dzuwa;
- Mbeu ikamadzazidwa ndi nthaka, m'pamenenso mizu imapangika.
Njirayi imathetsanso vuto la mbande zazing'ono, zazitali zomwe ndizovuta kubzala mozungulira. Akaikidwa motere, tchire lofooka limayamba kulimba ndikukula. Mutha kudzala mbande ziwiri nthawi imodzi.
Mukamabzala, ikani dzenje ndi humus ndipo onetsetsani kuti muwonjezeranso superphosphate kuti muzu wake ukhale wolimba.
Mwa njira, Maslov adazindikira kuti tomato amakonda kumuika. Adalangiza kuti pagawo lakulima m'nyumba, muziwaponya kawiri, nthawi iliyonse kuzama ndikuwonjezera mtunda pakati pa mbande kuti mulimbitse mizu.
Njira yachiwiri kubzala molondola
Kupewa kutsina tomato pofuna kupanga mizu:
- tsinde la pansi sayenera kuchotsedwa, koma mlekeni iye akule;
- pamene chitsamba chachikulu chimabala zipatso zoyamba, chotsani masamba kwa ana opeza ndipo, mukugwada pansi, khalani (mutha kungomangirira ndi ndowe ya waya) ndikuwaza ndi dziko lapansi;
- kuti asapange shading yolimba pakati pa chitsamba, mphukira ziyenera kupindika kutali kwambiri ndi thunthu;
- ana opeza amakula mwachangu kwambiri, zipatso zoyamba zidzawonekera patatha milungu ingapo kuposa thunthu lalikulu.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, sadzaponderezana - phwetekere idzakhalabe chomera chimodzi chokhala ndi mizu yofanana. Njira amatchedwa - kukula atatu zimayambira.
Kuti mizu ikule bwino, pakamasula, tchire la phwetekere limatha kukumbatirana pang'ono, ngati mbatata, izi zidzawathandiza.
Chonde dziwani kuti njira ziwirizi sizogwirizana. Mutha kubzala chitsambacho mozungulira, kenako muzule ma stepon.
Ubwino ndi zovuta pobzala phwetekere pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi
Njira ya Maslov ndiyabwino kulima mitundu yotsika pang'ono (determinant) ndi mitundu yayitali. Mutabzala mopingasa, tomato safuna njira yapadera, atha kusamalidwa mwachizolowezi.
Teknoloji imalola kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa zobzala. Ndikopindulitsa kulima mitundu yokwera mtengo motere, yomwe imagulitsidwa mu mbewu zochepa chabe m'thumba.
Ndi maubwino osatsutsika obzala m'mitengo itatu, muyenera kulabadira mfundo zina:
- zipatso za tomato wochepa kwambiri ndi kubzala koteroko zili pafupi ndi nthaka, iwo akhoza kuvunda; kupewa izi, njira yosavuta ndikufalitsa udzu watsopano, womwe nthawi yomweyo umasunga chinyezi m'nthaka;
- chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kuthirira - onetsetsani kuti pali madzi okwanira, koma nthaka siikhalabe yonyowa nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa njira yothirira kapena kuthirira ndi ngalande zothirira.
- komanso tomato otsika kuchepa kukula zipatso powonjezera chiwerengero chawo.
- alimi ena amakhulupirira kuti Njira imeneyi siyithetsa vuto lamlengalenga: ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi, kuchuluka kwa tomato komwe kwatengedwa pamalowo sikusintha. Koma ali ndi otsutsa ambiri, motero ndizomveka kuti mudziwe zambiri za ena wamaluwa.
Tomato wokhazikika - wamtali yemwe amabzala mbewu nthawi yonse yokula - ndiopindulitsa makamaka kukula mu zimayambira zitatu. Mitundu imeneyi nthawi zambiri imakula mu wowonjezera kutentha. Amakula mpaka mita ziwiri, chifukwa chake amafunikira thandizo lina. Pambuyo pakukhwimitsa ma stepon awiri oyamba, enawo ayambanso kupanga thumba losunga mazira. Kutsina kokhathamiritsa kumatha kusiidwa kwathunthu, ndipo zokolola ndizodabwitsa.
Chitsamba chokhala ndi zimayambira zitatu chimapangitsa kuti wowonjezera kutentha azigwira bwino ntchito, chifukwa zipatso zimapangidwa ndikukhwima pamtunda wonse wa chomeracho.
Makamaka ayenera kuperekedwa kwa garter wofatsa wa tomato wotere. Njira yosavuta ndikutsitsa malupu a nayiloni kuchokera padenga la wowonjezera padera pa mphukira iliyonse.
Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya tomato
Tomato wamtali wolimidwa wowonjezera kutentha, kucha koyambirira komanso kwapakatikati - wobzalidwa molingana ndi njira yomwe yafotokozedwayi, amapereka zokolola zambiri. Ngati wowonjezera kutentha amatenthedwa, ndiye kuti akhoza kukololedwa bwino kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera ku mitundu ingapo ya tomato. Pokula molingana ndi njira ya Maslov, mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyabwino:
Chiphona chaku Russia
Mitundu yambiri yakucha mochedwa. Pali mitundu ndi zipatso zachikaso ndi zofiira. Zipatsozo ndizokulirapo, zoyenera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, ili ndi thunthu lamphamvu.
Chiphona cha ku Ukraine
Nthawi zosiyanasiyana zakucha. Zipatso ndi zofiira, zoterera, zazikulu, yosungidwa bwino.
Zimphona
Mitundu yakucha pang'ono ndi tsinde lolimba, yopindulitsa kwambiri. Tomato wonyezimira wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, wopota pang'ono, wofiyira wowoneka bwino. Zimathandizanso kusungidwa komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano.
Zipatso za mitundu yonseyi zimalemera magalamu 600-650. Pofuna kukulitsa zazikulu, kuwonjezera pa garter wa tchire, mutha kusamalanso zikhomo zopangira zipatso - matumba azingwe omwe amalimbitsa phwetekere pomwe amathiridwa ndikukhwima.
Kuweruza kugwira ntchito kwaukadaulo waluso molingana ndi Maslov ndikofunikira kutengera luso lanu ndi mitundu yomwe mumakonda. Chifukwa kuphunzira chiphunzitso sikokwanira kukwaniritsa zotsatira, mukufunikirabe kuyang'anitsitsa zomera ndikumvetsetsa.