Mlimi aliyense amadziwa kuti pambuyo pa zipatso, kumapeto kwa chilimwe - koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira, mitengo yazipatso imafunikira kupumula, kudulira, ndi kuchira nyengo yachisanu ikubwerayi. Kuwathandiza kuti akhale ndi mphamvu zokolola mtsogolo ndi ntchito ya anthu, koma muyenera kudziwa ndendende zovala zapamwamba komanso nthawi yabwino kuyika ma plums m'nthaka kugwa, kuti musawononge mbewu zam'munda.
Chifukwa chiyani maula ovala bwino
The zipatso za mitengo zimatengera mwachindunji chisamaliro choyenera komanso chakudya. M'nthawi yachilimwe-chilimwe, mtengowo umatha, ndikupereka mphamvu zake zonse kukolola, chifukwa chake kugwa kwam'dzinja zofunikira kwambiri ndipo ndiye kiyi wokolola chaka chamawa. Maula samasiyana ndi malamulo onse; amafunikanso michere yambiri yofunikira.
Pafupifupi zitsamba zonse za zipatso zimapanga maluwa mu nthawi yophukira, pambuyo pa zokolola, zomwe zimabala zipatso nyengo yamawa.
Kutchire nyengo yozizira bwino, osungidwa m'maso ambiri momwe mungathere, muyenera kuwonjezera zinthu zofunika kugwa. Ngati izi sizingachitike, mutha kuchedwa ndi kudyetsa masika - mtengowo sukhala m'nyengo yozizira ndipo utha kutaya nthambi zake zobala zipatso.
Nthawi yodzipangira feteleza yophukira
Kodi nthawi yabwino kuthira feteleza ndi iti, ndipo iti? Choyambirira, ziyenera kudziwika kuti ngati maulawo adabzalidwa malinga ndi malamulo onse ndi zinthu zofunikira zidayambitsidwa pakubzala, zaka zitatu zoyambirira mmera wachinyamata palibe chifukwa chodyetsera.
Ngati mtengo ukubala zipatso kale, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthira manyowa Chaka chilichonse... Chilichonse chomwe chimabweretsedwa pansi pamtengo chimayikidwa m'mabowo apafupi, pamtunda wa 1.5 mita, komanso mozungulira mbande zazing'ono - mu mphete, kuchoka pamtengo wa 15-25 cm.
Kuti mizu ikhale ndi nthawi yokwanira kupeza michere yonse, ndikofunikira kudyetsa mwezi umodzi isanayambike nyengo yozizira.
Momwe mungadyetse plums nthawi yophukira
Manyowa achilengedwe
Zipatso zobzala zipatso ndi mbande zazing'ono zomwe zafika zaka zitatu ziyenera kupatsidwa feteleza wokwanira okwanira - manyowa ovunda, kompositi... Zimapindulitsa nthaka ndi mtengo womwewo:
- kudyetsa mizu bwino, kubwezeretsanso mphamvu yake;
- khalani ndi phindu pakukula;
- kuthandizira kuonjezera zokolola;
- pewani kuthira mchere m'nthaka, kuti nyumbayo ikhale "yamoyo" komanso yotayirira.
Manyowa atsopano sangagwiritsidwe ntchito m'dzinja, ndipo zowola (humus) zimagawidwa mozungulira thunthu pamlingo 7-8kg / 1sq m'mawa, nthaka kumasulidwa ndi 15-20 cm... Ndowe za nkhumba ndi ndowe za nkhuku zimayikidwa pambali kufikira masika, chifukwa zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri.
Nthawi zambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito urea kudera lomwelo pamodzi ndi humus - osapitirira 20 g, chifukwa manyowa ovunda amataya nayitrogeni ambiri.
Phulusa la nkhuni
Phulusa wamba, makamaka kuyaka kwamitengo yodula, udzu ndiwo feteleza wotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Phulusa la nkhuni lili ndi zinthu 17 zofufuza zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka ikhale yolemera komanso kudyetsa zomera. Kuphatikiza apo, phulusa limasinthitsa kuchuluka kwa asidi, ndipo maula amakonda kwambiri dothi lamchere.
1 mita mita ndikwanira Phulusa la 250g... Kuti muchepetse acidity, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zipatso, kuyambitsa kusakaniza kumathandizira - 1 chidebe cha humus + 1 galasi lamadzi (laimu) wogawana mozungulira mtengo, kumasula nthaka ndi madzi.
Potaziyamu-phosphorous
Potaziyamu amafunika kwa ma plums patangotsala nthawi yozizira, kuyambira imalimbikitsa kutuluka kwamadzimadzi, potero kumawonjezera chisanu. Pali zambiri mumanyowa okhala ndi zofunda zowola; itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito yoyera, yopukutidwa ndi madzi pamlingo wa 30 g pa 1 sq. M.
Maula a phosphorous ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yokwanira kudziunjikira mpaka nthawi yokolola yotsatira, chifukwa chake iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugwa. Chotsatira ichi kumalimbitsa mizu komanso amalimbikitsa kudzikundikira kwa shuga ndi zomanga thupi mumtengo. Pachifukwa ichi, chakudya chamafupa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito - 50g / 1sq.m.
Zolemba zapamwamba
Manyowawa ali ndi zinthu zingapo zothandiza zomwe maula amafunika kugwa: phosphorous, potaziyamu, sulfure, calcium, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni... Zimakhalanso zosavuta chifukwa zimasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ndipo zimayambitsidwa ngati madzi okongoletsera: onjezerani 250-300 g mu malita 10, onjezerani pa 60 g / 1 sq.m. Mlingo wa superphosphate ndi theka.
Pamodzi ndi feteleza wa phosphate angagwiritsidwe ntchito potaziyamu magnesium - 100-120g pamtengo uliwonse. Potaziyamu ndi magnesium zimathandizira kukulitsa kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono ndi zipatso. Kuperewera kwa zinthu kumawonetsedwa ndi mtundu wofiirira wa masamba a maula.
Mtengo umafuna calcium kuti chitukuko ndi kukula kwa mizu yake. Feteleza wa superphosphate amakhala ndi kuchuluka kokwanira. Pa dothi lokhala ndi acidic, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chodziyimira pawokha, chifukwa chimathandizira kusungunuka kwachitsulo ndi manganese m'nthaka - komwe kumayambitsa magwiridwe antchito.
Kashiamu sulphate, nitrate kapena mankhwala enaake kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi mu kuchuluka kwa 25g / 10l. Mwa njira, ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito laimu kuti muchepetse nthaka, ndiye kuti izi zikhala zokwanira (pambuyo pake, laimu ndi calcium carbonate).
Kuti muteteze maula ku matenda a mafangasi ndi matenda ena, muyenera kuwadyetsa chitsulo... Kuvala bwino kwama foliar kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri - muyenera kungowaza ndi yankho la ferrous sulphate.
Ufa wa Dolomite
Ufa wa Dolomite umaphatikizidwira limodzi ndi fluff laimu kapena phulusa. Ali bwino amachepetsa nthaka acidity, imapereka calcium yambiri ndi magnesium yambiri.
Kutentha kwambiri ndi feteleza amchere kumakhudzanso kukula, chitukuko ndi zipatso za mitengo ndi mbewu zamaluwa, monganso kuchepa kwawo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa feteleza omwe amafunikira makamaka kumunda wanu.
Mkhalidwe wa mtengowo ungakuuzeni zomwe ukusowa. Zinthu zokhazokha zimatha kuphunzitsidwa pansi pa mitengo yaying'ono kugwa, ndipo zina zonse - pang'onopang'ono, ngati mavalidwe amtundu umodzi. Zida zitatu zimayikidwa pansi pa maula akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo kompositi kapena humus. Nthaka imamasulidwa bwino ndikuthiriridwa kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, nthaka yozungulira mtengo imadzaza.
Pambuyo pokonzekera izi, mitengo yanu idzatetezedwa nthawi yonse yozizira ndipo idzatulutsa zokolola zabwino chaka chamawa.