Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato imadziwika kuti ndi yotchuka pakati pa wamaluwa ambiri. Ngakhale wokhala mchilimwe amakhala nawo. Mitunduyi imawonekera kwa akatswiri obereketsa aku Russia, omwe adazindikira koyamba m'zaka za zana la 21. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi malongosoledwe ake, Fatima amatanthauza tomato woyambirira kucha.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa phwetekere wa Fatima
Phwetekere wobala zipatso zazikulu ndi wa mitundu yoyambirira, amalimidwa bwino m'nthaka yopanda chitetezo. Tchire lotambalala, lifike kutalika Masentimita 60, koma siziwerengedwa pakati pa miyezo.
Fatima ndi chomera chosakanizidwa, chimakhala ndi dzina lofanana ndi F1, lomwe limasiyana chifukwa limadziwika kuti ndi phwetekere yapakatikati ndipo limapangidwa m'malo otenthetsa.
Tomato satenga matendawa mochedwa, ndipo amalimbana ndi matenda ena. Zokolola zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Zipatso ndi zazikulu kukula, pinki mtundu, amasiyana mawonekedwe woboola pakati pamtima, kulemera kwake kulikonse kumafikira 300-400 magalamu... Kusasinthasintha kwa tomato ndi mnofu, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma.
Tomato wamtunduwu samang'ambika.
Palibe zipinda zochuluka kwambiri mu phwetekere; zinthu zowuma zimakhala ndi ndalama zambiri. Zipatso zakupsa zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masaladi, sauces, timadziti ta phwetekere ndi kumalongeza.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Ubwino wofunikira kwambiri wa phwetekere uwu ndi:
- kukula kwa zipatso zakupsa;
- kukoma kwabwino ndi malonda;
- kusinthasintha pakugwiritsa ntchito;
- Kukaniza bwino matenda;
- zokolola zabwino.
Zoyipa kwa wamaluwa osatchulidwa, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti azikhala m'malo otsogola kwa zaka zambiri. Kuyambira kubzala mbewu mpaka kucha zipatso, kumafunika mpaka miyezi itatu.
Chomeracho chimadziwika kuti ndi thermophilic ndipo chimafuna kuchuluka kokwanira kwa dzuwa.
Kufesa malamulo
Tomato wa Fatima amakula bwino kudera lililonse la Russia... Mbewu iyenera kufesedwa mu Marichi. Musanafese, nyembazo ziyenera kuthandizidwa musanayankhe mu 1% ya manganese solution. Ngati nyembazo zasungidwa kwazaka zopitilira chaka, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuziviika m'madzi ofunda kwa maola angapo musanakonze.
Mitundu ya phwetekere iyi siyifunikira kutsina, koma tchire liyenera kumangirizidwa kuzogwirizira.
Zogula zomwe zagulidwa siziyenera kukonzedwa, chifukwa izi zitha kuvulaza kumera kwawo.
Podzala, nthaka iyenera kukonzekera, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito malo ochokera kumunda... Lili ndi mabakiteriya ambiri ndi tiziromboti tina toyambitsa matenda. Kuti muwachotse, dothi liyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthaka imadzazidwa mu colander, yosungidwa kwa mphindi khumi pamadzi otentha.
Nthaka yokonzedwerayo imatsanuliridwa m'mitsuko yobzala, mizere isanu sentimita imakonzedwa mmenemo. Mbeu zingapo zaikidwa mdzenje, mtunda pakati pawo ndi pafupifupi masentimita awiri... Mukamaliza kufesa, mizereyo imakutidwa ndi nthaka, yotayika ndi madzi.
Thirani tomato pamalo otseguka
Chochitika ichi amaloledwa kuyamba kumayambiriro kwa Meyi... Ngati akufuna kulima tomato m'malo owonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti mbande zimasamutsidwa kumapeto kwa masika.
Masiku angapo musanabzala, mbande ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala enaake opatsa chidwi. Izi zikuphatikizapo Immunocytophyte, Epin. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalamazi kumathandizira kukulitsa tchire laling'ono.
Pafupifupi tomato yonse imabzalidwa m'nthaka, yomwe imakhala ndi michere yambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, musanabzala mbande, mabedi amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala amchere. Nthawi zambiri, kompositi, phosphorous kapena potash humus.
Nthaka pamabedi imamasulidwa pasadakhale masentimita khumi ndi asanu mozama kuti athetse kutumphuka.
Mbande zimabzalidwa m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono, momwe kuya kwake kuli osaposa masentimita 15... Kufika kumachitika malinga ndi chiwembu cha "makumi anayi ndi makumi asanu". Mbande imayikidwa m'makona oyenera. Ngati chitsambacho ndi chachitali, ndiye kuti chikhomo chothandizira chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo pafupi ndi garter wotsatira.
Kusamalira pambuyo pobereka
Monga mbewu zina zonse, tchire la phwetekere la Fatima limafunikira kudzikongoletsa. Zitsamba sizidzakula bwino m'nthaka youma kwambiri, kotero kuthirira zidzayenera kuchitika nthawi zonse.
Ngati masiku amvula apambana, ndiye kuti mwambowu uyenera kulinganizidwa kamodzi pa sabata... Kwa masiku otentha komanso otentha kwambiri, nthawi yothirira imachepetsedwa mpaka masiku awiri kapena atatu.
Kangapo nthawi yokula, mbewu za phwetekere zimafunikira chakudya... Nthawi yoyamba zochitika zoterezi zimachitika masiku khumi mutabzala mbande m'mabedi opanda chitetezo. Pachifukwa ichi, mawonekedwe apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito, opangidwa pamaziko a mullein, nitrate ndi superphosphate.
Mwa zina, malo pakati pa tchire amafunikira nthawi ndi nthawi kumasulaKupereka mwayi wa oxygen kuzu. Namsongole amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Matenda ndi kupewa kwawo
Zidatchulidwa kale pamwambapa Choipitsa chakumapeto sichowopsa pamitundu yosiyanasiyana iyi, ndi phwetekere bwino chimalimbana ndi matenda ena. Koma ngati vuto ladzidzidzi lidachitika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthana ndi tchire ndi mawonekedwe apadera a fungicidal. Kukonzekera kulikonse kwa tizilombo kumadziteteza kumatenda oyipa.
Malamulo okolola ndi kusunga
Ngati chisamaliro choyenera chikukonzedwa ndipo nyengo ili yabwino pakukula kwa tomato, ndiye kuti zokololazo zimatha kufika makilogalamu 10 kuchokera pa mita imodzi yodzala.
Mutha kuyamba kuyeretsa kumapeto kwa Julayi - koyambirira kwa Ogasiti... Tomato amachotsedwa pachitsamba pamene akupsa.
Poganizira kuti zipatsozo sizingang'ambike, zimatha kukhala zatsopano kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kutengera ndi malingaliro onse, tomato wa Fatima adzakusangalatsani ndi zipatso zokoma zabwino kwambiri. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati pazokha, komanso kukhazikitsa. Zomera ndizodzicepetsa, wolima dimba kumene amakhala kuti akuchita nawo ntchito yolima.