Beet a Detroit atchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha zokolola zawo zambiri, kulawa ndi mawonekedwe abwino. Zosiyanasiyana ndizodzichepetsa pakukula ndipo imafuna kukonza pang'ono. Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe amitundu iyi aperekedwa pansipa.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Detroit beet zosiyanasiyana
Beet wobala kwambiri wa Detroit amapangidwa ndi oweta aku Italiya. Zimatanthauza mitundu yamatebulo. Nthawi yakufesa mbewu mpaka nthawi yokolola ndi masiku 100. Mitunduyi ndiyabwino kukula m'mabedi otseguka komanso nyengo yocheperako mpaka nyengo yozama - pansi pa chivundikiro cha kanema.
Detroit, imalekerera chisanu chaching'ono bwino, ndikumera limodzi nyengo yobzala ikatha. Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Beets ndi ozungulira mawonekedwe ndi khungu lochepa. Mizu yamasamba imakhala ndi mnofu wa burgundy, wopanda mitsempha yoyera ndi mphete. Kulemera kwapakati pa masamba ndi magalamu 200.Zosiyanasiyana ndizololera kwambiri - kuchokera pa zana mita mita imodzi mutha kusonkhanitsa mpaka theka la tani ya masamba okoma komanso okoma.
Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake, Detroit imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, pokonza zoteteza, zotsekemera ndi timadziti.
Njuchi zimakhala ndi 14% shuga ndi 20% youma. Pankhaniyi, Detroit imasungidwa posungira kwatsopano popanda kutaya kukoma kwake ndi zinthu zothandiza.
Mbiri yakuswana ndi dera lokula
Beet a Detroit adabwera kudziko lathu kuchokera ku Italy.
Zosiyanasiyana zili ndi mitundu itatu:
- Detroit mdima wofiira - masamba oyambilira kucha, ozungulira, amakhala ndi zamkati zofiira, zopanda mitsempha.
- Detroit 6 Rubidus - zipatso zoyambirira kucha, zokhotakhota ndi shaft yoonda ya axial.
- Detroit 2 Nero - wokolola kwambiri, pakati pa nyengo beet zosiyanasiyana ndi burgundy zamkati. Kutengera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Mitundu yonseyi imatha kubzalidwa kumadera okhala ndi nyengo zosavomerezeka.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Zowonjezera ndizo:
- Zokolola zambiri
- Frost kukana
- Kukula kofananira komanso kudzichepetsa pakulima
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda
zovuta zosiyanasiyana kulibe.
Kudzala mbewu
Mitunduyi imakula bwino ikamamera mu mbande, komanso mwachindunji pamalo otseguka. Kubzala beets ndi mbande kumathandiza kuti mukolole kale kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo, chomera chaching'ono chimayenera kupanga malo abwino ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
Malamulo obzala mbewu pamalo otseguka:
- Mizu imabzalidwa m'nthaka yokonzedweratu. M'dzinja, dziko lapansi limakumbidwa pa fosholo ndikulowetsedwa ndi feteleza wamtundu ndi mchere.
- Malo oti mumere beets amasankha zowala ndi zosavomerezeka.
- Malo abwino amalingaliridwa mabedi pomwe nkhaka, tomato, mbatata kapena anyezi ankamera, ndipo kumene kabichi ndi kaloti zidamera, sizoyenera mbewu za muzu.
- Ndi kuchuluka kwa acidity m'nthaka, phulusa kapena laimu amawonjezeredwa pamenepo.
- Mbeu zofesedwa pabedi pamene nthaka zidzatenthetsa mpaka madigiri 10-13.
Mbeu za beet zimamera kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho ziyenera kukonzekera musanadzalemo.
Njira ziwiri zokonzera mbewu:
- Mbeu za beet musanadzalemo oviikidwa m'madzi ofunda kwa maola 24, pamene akusintha madzi nthawi zonse.
- Mbeu zokutidwa ndi nsalu Wothira potaziyamu permanganate yofooka ndikusiya kutentha kwa masiku anayi. Tiyenera kusamala kuti nsaluyo siyonyowa kwambiri, koma imakhala yonyowa nthawi zonse.
Mbeu zokonzeka zimera bwino ndikupatsa zokolola koyambirira, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimapeza chitetezo chamatenda ambiri.
Kudzala mbewu:
- Mbeu zimafesedwa mu mizere mpaka kuya kwa masentimita atatu
- Mtunda pakati pa mizere - 25 cm, pakati pa mbewu - 15 cm
- Kubzala zinthu kuwaza ndi nthaka
- Mabedi am'munda mulch
- Mphukira zoyamba kuwonekera patatha sabata
Mbeu za beet zimatha kulumikizana pamodzi. Ngati mbewu zoterezi zapezeka, musayese kuzisiyanitsa, chifukwa izi zitha kupangitsa kuti zinthu zosavomerezeka zisawonongeke.
Kukula
Pambuyo kumera, m'pofunika kuyang'anitsitsa chitukuko cha zomera zazing'ono. Kuti mukule bwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:
- Onetsetsani kuti chotengera chadothi sichinapangidwe, popeza imalepheretsa kulowa kwa nthaka m'nthaka ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa chomeracho.
- Mbande zazing'ono zimafuna kupalira nthawi zonse kuchokera namsongole. Udzu wa udzu umamira ndi zokolola zazing'ono, zomwe zimasokoneza mtundu wa mbeu ndi kuchuluka kwake.
- Kutsirira kwakanthawi mbewu ndikumasula nthaka, ndikupititsa patsogolo kusinthana kwa gasi komanso kupitilira kwa mpweya.
Kutsirira kumachitika madzulo. Pakapangidwe ka chipatso, kuthirira kumawonjezeka. Kuthirira kumaima patatsala mwezi umodzi kuti mukolole.
- Kumasula amapangidwa tsiku lililonse lachiwiri pambuyo kuthirira.
- Mulching mabedi. Njirayi imachitika kuti chinyezi chikhalebe chotalikirapo ndikuchepetsa kumera kwa namsongole.
- Nyambo... Feteleza imachitika kangapo pachaka. Beets sayenera kupitilizidwa, chifukwa zimang'ambika ndikupanga zopanda pake ndi feteleza wochulukirapo.
- Nyambo yoyamba yachitika mu Meyi, pamasamba 2-3, ndi feteleza, adzaza nthaka ndi nayitrogeni.
- Chachiwiri - pa gawo la udzu wachiwiri. Manyowa a potashi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pansi.
Kuperewera kwa feteleza amchere kumatha kutsimikizika ndi mawonekedwe a mizu:
- Ndi kusowa kwa potaziyamu - nsonga za chomeracho zimawala
- Kupanda sodium - kuwululidwa ndi kufiira kwamitsempha pamasamba
M'mabedi osanjikiza, beets amakula.
- Kupatulira. Kupatulira kumachitika kawiri pachaka. Nthawi yoyamba - masamba 2-3 atakhala owona, kusiya mtunda wa masentimita 3-4 pakati pa mbewu.Nthawi yachiwiri - masamba 5-6 atakula. Mtundawo umasiyidwa masentimita 7-8. Kupyola Beet kumachitika nyengo yamvula yokha.
Makhalidwe azosiyanasiyana izi
- Mizu imakula bwino onse pabwalo komanso pansi pa chikuto cha kanema.
- Kukula msanga - m'nyengo yotentha, mutha kutenga mbewu ziwiri.
- Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kukulitsidwa nyengo ya Siberia.
- Mukamabzala m'nyengo yozizira amapanga zokolola zoyambirira.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Pakubala zipatso, beets amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda ambiri, ndipo ngakhale Detroit sakhala ndi matenda ambiri, akhoza kudabwa:
- Kuyera koyera ndi imvi - kolala ya mizu ndi masamba otsika amakhudzidwa.
- Downy mildew - matenda akufotokozera pamwamba.
- Medvedka - wamkulu amakumana ndi mizu ndi zimayambira, zomwe zimabweretsa kufa kwa chomeracho.
- Zima scoop - mbozi imaluma mano, imasokoneza masamba ndikuwononga mizu yomwe ikukula.
Mapeto
Mukabzala beet Detroit pamalo anu, mumadzipatsa zokoma, zowutsa mudyo, komanso zofunika kwambiri muzu wathanzi. Masamba ndi abwino, osungidwa komanso popanga timadziti tatsopano.