Kulima dimba, kuphatikizapo kudulira ma currants kumapeto, amadziwika ndi kukonzekera kwa mbewu m'nyengo yachisanu, komwe kumabweretsa kukolola kwabwino munyengo yatsopano. Olima wamaluwa nthawi zonse samangoganizira za chisamalirochoncho, mbewu zina zimasonyeza kuchepa kwa zipatso.
Kodi kudulira currant ndi chiyani?
Currants ndi chitsanzo chabwino. Chomeracho, chodzichepetsa poyamba pakuwona, chimakula mwamphamvu mutabzala mphukira yaying'ono, chosangalatsa pamaso pa eni ake ndikupeza mphamvu.
Komabe, patadutsa zaka zingapo, mutha kuwona kuchepa kwa zokolola, pomwe chitsamba chimakhala cholimba komanso chopanda mawonekedwe. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kudula.
Nthambi zakale, zouma zimasokoneza mapangidwe a mphukira zatsopano za fruiting. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, chitsamba chokhotakhota chimapititsa patsogolo nthawi ya moyo nthawi 4-6, ndikupatsa eni ake zokolola zambiri nyengo yatsopano.
Kudulira tchire mabulosi kumafunika komanso kuti mukwaniritse zotsatirazi:
- kuchotsa nthambi zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo kapena bowa;
- kuonjezera chiwerengero ndi kukula kwa zipatso;
- kukhathamiritsa kwa njira yodyetsera (kuti mphukira zakale kapena zofooka zisakoke pazinthu zofunikira);
- mapangidwe a tchire.
Kwa wamaluwa oyamba kumene, njirayi ingawoneke ngati yovuta, koma ndizosavuta kudziwa malamulo okolola mbewu.
Ndi liti lomwe mungadulire tchire?
Ngakhale ma currants osiyanasiyana kudulira kumayenera kuchitika chaka chilichonse... Nthawi yabwino njirayi ndi nthawi yophukira, pomwe ma currants amakhetsa masamba awo.
Njira yophukira ili ndi zabwino izi:
- ukhondo (iyi ndi njira yothandiza yolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo);
- chomeracho sichimapweteka kwambiri pakudulira, sichimatulutsa madzi;
- mwayi wopanga ndikubwezeretsanso chikhalidwe cham'munda.
Kuyeretsa pang'ono kumachitika mchaka currants kuchokera achisanu ndi mphukira zosweka. Ubwino wamachitidwe a kasupe ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano, zomwe zimayamba kubala zipatso koyambirira kwa nyengo ikubwerayi.
Kudulira kumachitika bwino musanatuluke, pomwe chomeracho chagona. Pachifukwa ichi, zizindikiro za kutentha ziyenera kukhala zabwino.
Ngati malamulowa anyalanyazidwa, ndiye kuti madzi adzatulutsidwa m'malo omwe amadulidwa, omwe amatsitsa chomeracho. Mwayi wofala ndi bowa kapena matenda ena nawonso udzawonjezeka. M'malo mochita kugwira ntchito kwathunthu kwamasamba, ma currants adzawononga mphamvu zawo kuti achire.
Kudulira kolondola kwa ma currants wakuda ndichinsinsi cha kukolola kwakukulu:
Momwe mungachitire izi: maupangiri kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa
Asanakwere
Currants iyenera kubzalidwa pafupifupi masabata atatu isanayambike chisanu... Kuyambira pano, chisamaliro chimayamba, chomwe chimathandizira pakupanga mbewu.
Musanadzalemo mmera, muyenera kudula nsonga za mphukira zonse... Siyani masamba 2-3 pa nthambi iliyonse. Pambuyo nyengo yoyamba, tchire lidzapeza mphukira zatsopano zisanu.
Pofuna kukonzanso
Kukonzanso kwa tchire lazaka 5-6 imachitika pofuna kupititsa patsogolo nthawi ya currant.
Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa nthambi zakale pansi, komanso nsonga (mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimamera kuchokera pansi pa chikunja).
Nthawi yomweyo Mbali zonyowoka ndi zosweka za tchire zimadulidwaokhudzidwa ndi matenda kapena tizirombo. Nsonga zimachotsedwa mphukira za chaka chatha, ndipo zina 3-5 zowonjezerazo zimasankhidwa kuzatsopano.
Simungadule nthambi pafupi ndi Mphukira, izi zitha kuwononga zonse.
Njira zachilendo
Pali matekinoloje angapo odulira ma currants. Olima minda ya Novice amalimbikitsidwa kuyesa njira ya Michurinskyyomwe imapereka zokolola zabwino m'minda ikuluikulu.
Chofunika cha njirayi chili ndi malamulo awa:
- mutabzala mbande, ma currants samadulidwa zaka 5;
- Pambuyo pa zaka 5, theka la tchire limadulidwa pazu (m'tsogolomu, amafunika kudyetsedwa mosamala);
- patatha chaka, zikumera 20 za mphukira zomwe zatsala, zina zonse zimachotsedwa;
- chaka chotsatira, zochita zofananazo zimachitika ndi theka lina la tchire;
- mutazula mbewu zakale, malowo amabzalidwa ndi mphukira zatsopano.
Zimakhalanso kuti chitsamba sichinakulebe, koma fruiting yagwa kwambiri. Poterepa, ndikofunikira gwiritsani njira yodulira kwambiri... Zimakhala ndikuchotsa kwathunthu achikunja mchomera, osafikira masentimita atatu okha.
Pambuyo pokonza mzere wodulidwa ndi varnish wam'munda, mizu iyenera kukhala yolimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndi feteleza ndipo chitsa chizikhala ndi nthaka. Nthawi zina wamaluwa amasintha dothi lozungulira tchire, nalisungunula asadabwezenso ndi humus.
Mukakolola
Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa akhala akugwiritsa ntchito kudulira chilimwe., kulimbikitsa zochita zawo ndi izi:
- Dzuwa lowonjezera limakhudza kwambiri photosynthesis ya mphukira zazing'ono;
- Kukula kwa nthambi zamkati ndikofanana ndi zisonyezo zamachitidwe ofananira, omwe amapanga mawonekedwe okongola a chitsamba;
- kuopsa kwa matenda opatsirana kumachepetsedwa mpaka zero.
Njira zachilimwe ziyenera kusiyidwa ngati chomeracho chikuwonetsa kukula.
Momwe mungadulire moyenera currants wakuda mu kugwa: chiwembu ndi magawo
Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, nyengo yozizira isanayambike, chomeracho chimapita kukagona.
Mukamakonzekera kuchotsa nthambi, kumbukirani kuti ina mwayo imatha kuwonongeka nthawi yachisanu. Ntchitoyi ndi yosavuta kumaliza ngati mutsatira ndondomeko inayake.
Kudulira ukhondo (gawo loyamba):
- yeretsani chomera cha nthambi zowuma ndi masamba;
- chotsani mphukira zomwe zinalibe nthawi yoti zipse (zidzazizira m'nyengo yozizira);
- dulani nthambi zolumikizana zomwe zimakula kuchokera pakatikati ndikugona pansi;
- Chotsani zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zopunduka.
Kukonzanso kwa Bush (gawo lachiwiri):
- kudula nthambi zopitilira zaka zisanu (mitundu yakuda) ndi zaka 8 (mitundu yofiira ndi yoyera);
- kufupikitsa mphukira za pachaka ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu;
- Pa chomera chopangidwa bwino, mutha kudula achikunja achikulire kuposa zaka zitatu.
Kukonza Bush (gawo lachitatu): Kudulira kotereku kumachitika pakakhala makulidwe owonjezera.
Monga lamulo, nthambi zapakati zimachotsedwa kuti ziunikire chomeracho. Ndi achikunja okwanira obala zipatso, mphukira zomwe zakula munthawi ino zitha kuchotsedwa.
Ngati chitsamba chikuyenda ndipo sichinakonzedwepo kale, simuyenera kuchichepetsanso kwambiri. Chomeracho sichitha kuthana ndi mphukira zambiri.
Zinthu zoyera ndi zofiira
Mitengo yoyera ndi yofiira currants imadulidwa m'njira yosiyanakom'malo mosiyanasiyana wakuda. Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri pakuchita izi ndikumayambiriro kwa masika kapena chilimwe kumapeto kwa zipatso.
Ponena za kukhazikitsidwa kwa tchire, malamulowa amakhalabe ofanana, koma simuyenera kutsina nsonga za mphukira za chaka chatha. Sitiyeneranso kufupikitsa nthambi za zaka 2-3.
Nthawi ya moyo wa ma currants oyera ndi ofiira ndiyotalikirapo kuposa ma currants akuda. choncho nthambi zakale ndizomwe zafika zaka 7-8.
Mphukira zakale komanso zowononga tizilombo, mphukira zazing'ono kwambiri zimangodulira. Momwemo, nthambi za mafupa 6-8 ziyenera kutsalira pambuyo poti achitepo kanthu.
Kusintha, kudulira ndikupanga tchire la ma currants ofiira ndi oyera:
Mukamasamalira ma currants, ndikofunikira kuti musapitirire. ndikuchotsa achikunja. Kukonza molakwika sikungabweretse phindu, koma kumatha kuwononga chomeracho.