Mosakayikira, mtundu uliwonse wa dzungu uli ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso zinthu zina zofunika. Komabe, pakati pa akatswiri azophikira, ndiko kuyang'ana kwa nutmeg komwe kumatchuka makamaka chifukwa chakulawa kwathanzi komanso kukoma kwake. Anthu ena amayerekezera kukoma kwa zamkati ndi madzi a vwende, ndipo m'nkhani yathu tikambirana mitundu ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri pakumera ku Russia, kuphatikiza zipatso zazikulu.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatungu yolimidwa kutchire
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mawonekedwe akulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sikwashi ya butternut. Izi zithandizira wamaluwa kusankha mitundu posankha mbewu za nyengo yatsopano. Ndi assortment wamakono, sikulondola kusankha mtundu umodzi, chifukwa mutha kungoyesa kuyenera ndi kulawa poyerekeza.
Sikwashi wa butternut amasiyana ndi zipatso za mitundu ina ngakhale mawonekedwe. Zipatsozo zimapangidwa motalikirana ngati silinda kapena peyala, ndipo mbali zisanu zimawoneka pakadulidwa ka phesi.
Zomera zomwe zidatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha fungo looneka bwino la mtedzazomwe zimamveka podula. Zozizwitsa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimawonekeranso pa mbewu, zimakhala ndi utoto wakuda wachikaso kapena bulauni.
Mitundu ya sikwashi yam'madzi
Vitamini
Chikhalidwe chakucha chakumapeto, nyengo yokula imatha Masiku 130... Lash imapangidwa motalika ndi zipatso zazikulu zowulungika, zomwe kulemera kwake kumafikira 4.5-6.8 makilogalamu.
Kapangidwe ka thupi ndi katsabola, koma kofewa, kotsekemera pakamwa. Khungu ndi locheperako, kukula kwake kwa gawo lowala lalanje ndikudya pafupifupi 10 cm.
Kubzala kumachitika ndi mbewu kapena mmera, pomwe mabowo amakonzedwa bwino m'mizere. Zisamaliro zimaphatikizapo kutsina nthambi zotsalira za chikwapu ndi tsinde lalikulu. Yokololedwa mu Seputembara-Okutobala.
Prikubanskaya
Mitundu yakucha pang'ono pakati ndi nyengo yokula Masiku 91-136... Kutalika kwa chikwapu kumafika 3-4 m, kuchuluka kwa zipatso zooneka ngati peyala kuchokera 2300 mpaka 4600 magalamu.
Kukula kwa zamkati kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 4, khungu ndilopyapyala, poterera podulidwa. Dzungu limasungabe mawonekedwe ake ndikuwonetsera kwa miyezi itatu mutakolola.
Chatsopano
Chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi nthawi yakucha, nyengo yokula ndi Masiku 115... Chipatso chachitsulo chimadziwika ndikukula pang'ono kumapeto, kulemera kwa masamba okhwima kumafika 6-7 makilogalamu.
Khungu ndi lochepa, gawo lodyedwa ndilofewa, yowutsa mudyo, yotsekemera.
Zokolola zimakhala zolekerera chilala. Amadyedwa mwatsopano ndikukonzedwa.
Bylinka
Chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi nthawi yakupsa, kulemera kwa dzungu laling'ono ndi 4.5 makilogalamu... Zomera zimatha Masiku 115-127.
Khungu lakuda kwambiri (lowala komanso lakuda) limathandizira kukhala ndi moyo wautali, mpaka nyengo yotsatira. Mtedza wonyezimira wonyezimira ulibe zina zowonjezera, fungo la nutmeg limakwaniritsa mbale iliyonse ndi kukoma kosakhwima.
Wovuta nkhope
Spaghetti
Mitundu yambiri yakucha msanga, kuyambira kumera mpaka kukolola, kokha Masiku 65-80... Pazitali zazitali, zipatso zimamangirizidwa kwambiri, zomwe kulemera kwake, asanachotsedwe m'munda, ndi 800-1500 magalamu.
Kutumphuka kwa dzungu kumakhala kolimba kwambiri, zamkati sizikhala zowutsa mudyo, zimasakanikirana ndi ulusi uliwonse, pomwe chomeracho chimatchedwa dzina. Muli masamba otsekemera pang'ono, koma amatenga zokometsera bwino. Nthawi zina kukoma kwa dzungu m'mbale sikudziwika nthawi yomweyo.
Muscat de provence
Mitundu yambiri yolekerera, yosavuta yosamalira, yomwe zipatso zake zimalemera 8-10 makilogalamu... Khungu limakhala lakuda, lomwe limatalikitsa mashelufu amoyo wamasamba osataya zinthu zake zamtengo wapatali.
Mafuta onunkhira ndi kukoma kwa uchi. Kuthamanga kwa chomerako kumakhala kocheperako, chitetezo chazitsulo chimatsutsana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Nyengo yokula - Masiku 120.
Gilea
Zimasiyanasiyana ndi zokolola zambiri komanso moyo wautali (mpaka chaka).
Mphukira zazing'ono zimapanga ma lasoti ataliatali, pomwe maungu amayeza 6-9 makilogalamu... Nyengo yokula imatha Masiku 100-110.
Khungu la masamba obval oblong limakutidwa ndi zokutira phula. Wosanjikiza wa mnofu ndi wandiweyani, wokoma kukoma, wokhala ndi mankhwala komanso zakudya. Chomeracho chimapirira bacteriosis ndi powdery mildew.
Polyanin
Mbewu yapakatikati ndi nyengo yokula Masiku 110-125... Kulemera kwa masamba kumafikira 4000 magalamu, khungu limakhala losalala ndi nthiti zosaoneka.
Zamkati zimakhala zolimba, zotsekemera komanso zotsekemera m'kamwa. Lash imapangidwa mpaka 4 mita kutalika, chifukwa chake, ikatsika, chiwembucho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: masentimita 70x70. Polyanin imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda komanso nyengo yoipa.
Mitundu yotchuka ya dzungu lalikulu-zipatso
Arabat
Nthawi yakuchepera - mochedwa, nyengo yokula - Masiku 118-127... Masamba ozungulira omwe amakhathamira pamwamba amapachika akakhwima mpaka 9 kg.
Wandiweyani wonyezimira wa zamkati lalanje pambuyo pokonza ndi amazipanga yowutsa mudyo ndi lokoma kukoma. Kutalika kwasungidwe kuli pafupi miyezi inayi.
Mitunduyi imakhala yololera kwambiri, yopirira matenda komanso chilala.
Mwezi waukulu
Nyengo yokula imatha Masiku 115-130... Choyipacho chimakhala champhamvu; kuti mupeze dzungu lalikulu, panali ovary imodzi yokha. Kulemera kwa chochitika choterocho kumafikira 70-80 makilogalamu... Ndikulima kwabwino, kuchuluka kwa masamba kuli pafupi 20-30 makilogalamu.
Peel ndi ya sing'anga osalimba, mnofu ndi wofewa, koma umakhalabe ndi kapangidwe kake bwino mukamalandira kutentha. Kugwiritsa ntchito dzungu kuli ponseponse.
Golide waku Parisian
Bzalani ndi kucha koyambirira, zomera zimatha Masiku 90... Kulemera kwa dzungu kumafika Makilogalamu 20 ndi ukadaulo wamba waulimi.
Chikhalidwe chimayankha feteleza, chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuchotsa masamba akulu kuthengo. Mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kuthana bwino ndi nyengo, makamaka chilala. Matenda ndi tizirombo siowopsa.
Alumali moyo wa mbeu m'nyengo yozizira m'malo abwino ndi miyezi 4-6.
Stopudovaya
Zotchinga zolemera zolemera mpaka makilogalamu 20, ngakhale zolembedwa mpaka 200 kg za mtundu umodzi zalembedwa. Chomera chakucha mochedwa ndi nyengo yokula Masiku 125-140.
Kuti mupeze zimphona, muyenera kuthira nthaka bwino ndikuwunika chinyezi chokwanira. Chikhalidwe chimapanga kuphulika kwakutali, mukamabzala, mtunda pakati pa mabowo ndi 100x150 cm.
Thupi lowala lachikaso limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owirira, kukoma kosakhwima kumadzazidwa ndi kukoma.
Zosiyanasiyana zimalolera matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo, zimapirira nyengo zovuta.
Kukula munyumba yachilimwe ku Siberia ndi Urals
Mkazi waku Russia
Zomera za mkazi waku Russia zimatha Masiku 90-100, zipatso zimadziwika ndi madzi okoma okoma ndi vwende. Zambiri zopitilira 20 kg zimachotsedwa pa 1 m2 ndi kulemera kwa masamba 1.9-4 makilogalamu.
Chomeracho chimakula pakatikati, mukamabzala, pamakhala pakati pa tchire pafupifupi masentimita 60. Kwa miyezi 5-6, dzungu limasungabe kukoma kwake komanso kugulitsidwa mchipinda chouma komanso chopumira. Ntchito zamkati ndizapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kumwetulira
Chomera chakucha chakumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira nthawi yakucha Masiku 85-90... Chikhalidwe chomwetulira - tchire, chimapanga mphukira zazing'ono 6, pomwe maungu 8-10 amamangidwa lililonse lolemera 0.8-1.2 makilogalamu.
Mtedza wowala wonyezimira wa crispy koma wowawira pang'ono. Zomera ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri azophikira chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kokoma ndi fungo la vwende. Zokolola zimakhalabe ndi mnofu mpaka Marichi. Kufikira kumachitika malinga ndi chiwembu: 60x60 cm.
Michurinskaya
Zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsa ntchito patebulo, zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano komanso kukonzedwa. Nyengo yokula imatha Masiku 96-105... Kulemera kwa mwana wosabadwayo kuli pafupi 5 makilogalamu.
Chisa cha mbewu ndi chaching'ono, chomwe chimasonyeza kukula kwa zamkati.
Chomeracho chimapirira nyengo yovuta bwino (chilala, kuzizira, mvula yambiri), ngakhale chisanu mpaka -5 madigiri sizoopsa.
Kuchiza
Kucha msanga mpaka masiku 105 ndipo chitetezo champhamvu chimakupatsani mwayi wolima mbewu mikhalidwe ya Siberia ndi Urals. Chomeracho chimakula pakatikati, mukamabzala, chiwembucho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: 60x70 cm.
Kulemera kwa dzungu kumafika 3-5 makilogalamu... Makhalidwe apamwamba: yowutsa mudyo, yotsekemera ndi fungo lokoma la uchi.
Kudera la Moscow ndi Russia wapakati
Ngale
Nyengo yokula imatha Masiku 100-110, zana limafanana ndi nyengo yakucha nthawi yayitali. Chitsamba chokwanira chokhala ndi mazira ambiri, pomwe maungu amakula 7.5 makilogalamu.
Chisa chaching'ono chambewu chili kumtunda kwa zipatso zazitali, zotsalazo ndi zamkati mwa lalanje zokhala ndi utoto wofiira.
Amabzalidwa ndi njira ya mmera ndi mmera pakati pa tchire la masentimita 60. Chikhalidwe chimayankha feteleza wamphesa, wodziwika ndi kukana kuzizira.
Peyala wagolide
Peyala ya golide - kucha koyambirira Masiku 95... Paziphuphu zilizonse, zipatso pafupifupi 3 zimapangidwa, zolemera zomwe zimafikira 1.8-2 makilogalamu.
Kukoma kuli ndi cholembera. Kukolola kumayamba mu Ogasiti, mpaka 10 kg yamasamba imachotsedwa pa 1 m2.
Chikhalidwe chimayankha nthaka yachonde ndi feteleza.
Vita
Chikhalidwe cha pakati pa nyengo ndi nyengo yakucha Masiku 115-125... Chomeracho chimapanga chikwapu champhamvu, kulemera kwake kwa chipatso chimafika 3-4 makilogalamu.
Chitetezo champhamvu chimadziwika ndikulimbana ndi matenda komanso nyengo yozizira.
Kutsegulira kufupikitsidwa
Zosiyanasiyana za nyengo yapakatikati ndi nyengo yokula Masiku 110-125 yabwino kukula panja mu kanyumba kanyumba kotentha m'midzi kapena pakati pa Russia. Pamatendawa, zipatso zazitali zazitali zolemera mpaka 3 kg.
Chodziwika bwino cha dzungu chimakhala mu kukoma kwake kwapadera, kukoma ndi mawonekedwe osalala a zamkati.
Kwa ma gourmets
Spanish gitala
Mawonekedwe atali a chipatso amakhala ngati sikwashi. Pakatikati kachulukidwe kamaubuluu wachikasu, nyama yowutsa mudyo komanso yokoma ndi fungo la apricot
Kulemera kwa masamba kumafikira 5 makilogalamu... Zokolola zimasungidwa kwa miyezi 4-5. Ophika nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito gawo lodyedwa popanga purees ndi timadziti tatsopano. Mankhwalawa amadzaza ndi mavitamini ndi mchere amaperekedwa kuchipatala komanso kuchipatala.
Gribovskaya
Dzungu la Gribovskaya, lodziwika bwino pamayendedwe athu, ndi nthawi yakucha msanga Masiku 85-90... Makungwa a chipatsochi ndi osalala komanso odulidwa pang'ono, utoto umasiyana kuchokera kubiriwira lakuda mpaka chikaso ndi mabala obiriwira. Mtengo wandiweyani wa lalanje umasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwake.
Masamba kulemera ndi 2.5-5 makilogalamu... Kutsika, chiwembucho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: 60x70 cm.
Butternut (mtedza)
Zosiyanasiyana zopangidwa ndi obereketsa aku Italiya, nyengo yokula malinga ndi malongosoledwewo imatha Masiku 90-100... Zipatso zazitali zimayamba kulemera 5-9 makilogalamu, gawo laling'onoting'ono la mbewu limapezeka kumapeto kwa dzungu, motero wosanjikiza umakhala wandiweyani.
Kukoma kwa ndiwo zamasamba kumayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwake, kutsekemera kwake ndi madzi ake. Chogulitsiracho chili ndi kuchuluka kwa carotene ndi mavitamini ena. Masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso zakudya.
Wokondedwa mfumukazi
Zosiyanasiyana zapakatikati pa nyengo ndi nyengo yakucha Masiku 110-115... Chomera champhamvu chimapanga chikwapu chachikulu, chifukwa chake, mukamabzala, chiwembucho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: masentimita 100x150. Khungu ndi locheperako, mnofu ndi wandiweyani komanso wokoma modabwitsa.
Kulemera kwa fetal kumafikira 3-4 makilogalamu... Chikhalidwechi chimasiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira, chimadziwonetsera ngati mawonekedwe olimbana ndi matenda komanso nyengo yoipa.
Mtundu uliwonse umakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Momwemonso, kuwonjezera pa mitundu yomwe mumakonda, pitani mtundu wosakanizidwa watsopano pachaka, womwe umakupatsani mbale yomwe mumakonda ndi fungo lokoma.