Chovuta kwambiri pakukula kaloti ndi udzu. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, njira zosiyanasiyana zolimikira mbewu zasankhidwa. Komabe, mankhwala akupha, monga palafini, amapha namsongole bwino kwambiri.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kapena herbicide polimbana ndi namsongole, muyenera choyamba, kuti mudziwe chisankho choyenera, kuti mumvetsetse momwe mankhwala akugwirira ntchito ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo ake.
Thirani mafuta palafini m'malo momalira
Njira imodzi yomwe mungagwirire ndi namsongole m'mabedi a karoti ndi kugwiritsa ntchito palafini yoyera.
Mbeu za karoti zimamera pang'onopang'ono - mkati mwa milungu itatu, ndipo pomwe mphukira imawonekera pamwamba panthaka, pabedi pake pamadzaza namsongole. Kupanda chinyezi, kuwala kwa dzuwa, michere koyambirira kwa mmera kukula kumakhudza mtundu wa zokolola pambuyo pake. Kuchotsa udzu pamanja pamabedi ndichinthu chovuta kwambiri. Pankhani ya kaloti, njirayi siyoyenera kwathunthu, chifukwa mizu ya chikhalidwechi imatha kuwonongeka kapena kutulutsa mbewu zazing'ono pansi pamodzi ndi gulu laudzu.
Mafuta abwino a palafini pamwamba pa chitunda ndioyenera nthawi imeneyo, pomwe mbande sizinawonekere. Nthawi yomalizira ndi pamene masamba 1-2 a nsonga za karoti amawonekera, ndipo namsongole akulamulira kale mundawo. Panthawi yokonza, namsongole amakhala wokulirapo kuposa mphukira za kaloti, masamba ake ndi zimayambira zake zimakhala ngati chivundikiro cha kukula kwachichepere kuchokera ku mphamvu ya palafini pa iwo, ndipo namsongoleyo adzawonongedwa.
Wolima dimba adzafunika kukonza:
- Utsi.
- Magolovesi amakono.
- Wopuma.
- Palafini woyela.
Kugwiritsa ntchito palafini pa 1 mita mita imodzi ndi magalamu 100. Pakatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri, njirayi imatha kubwerezedwa ndipo namsongole samakula nthawi yonse yotentha, ndipo amakolola bwino karoti.
Kugwiritsa ntchito palafini wothandizira udzu kumatheka m'mabedi ndi kaloti kapena katsabola.
Mbali yabwino ya njirayi ingathenso kuganiziridwa kuti ikutsutsana ndi tizirombo ta karoti: karoti nsabwe za m'masamba, chimbalangondo.
Mafuta a palafini ngati mankhwala ophera mankhwala a kaloti: phindu kapena kuvulaza
Kwa wamaluwa omwe adayamba kuphunzira za njirayi pokonza mabedi, mafunso adzakhalapo:
- Kodi njira imeneyi ingakhudze bwanji kukula kwa muzu womwewo?
- Kodi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mankhwala achirewa kukhudza bwanji thanzi la anthu?
- Kodi ndi kwanzeru kugwiritsa ntchito palafini m'munda momwe timaonera chilengedwe?
Kaloti sadzakhudzidwa ndi herbicide iyi. Kuphatikiza apo, palafini imaphwera mwachangu padziko lapansi. Kulimbana ndi udzu m'mabedi a karoti kumachitika miyezi iwiri isanakwane. Mizu sidzayamwa fungo la palafini... Koma atha kugula ngati aphwanya malamulo osunga kapena kusamutsa mbewuyo, pomwe masamba omwe adakololedwa amakhala pafupi ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi fungo loopsa.
Ntchito zonse m'munda, makamaka zomwe zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, zimafuna kutsata chitetezo. Amayenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito magolovesi ndi makina opumira.
Kuyambira 1940, palafini yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mankhwala, osati mabedi a masamba okha, komanso kukonza minda ya karoti. Kuwaza kunkachitidwa koyambirira kwa chitukuko cha mbewu, isanatuluke, pogwiritsa ntchito makina azolimo. Komabe, chida ichi zakhala zikugwira ntchito pokhapokha pakapangidwe kake ka parafini... Kuphatikiza apo, mafuta a petroleum ndi mankhwala ophulika omwe ndi ovuta kunyamula ndi kusunga, ndipo mphamvu yake munthawiyo ndi masiku 7 kapena 14 okha.
Pamlingo wa famu yapayokha, palibe chifukwa cholankhulira zakukwera mtengo komanso palafini wochuluka mukamakonza mabedi. Mafuta a palaivala samatenthetsa nthaka, chifukwa chake sawononga chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi.
Mankhwala achilengedwe ochotsera udzu
Zikuwonekeratu kuti mankhwala ozunguza bongo sangakhale otetezeka kotheratu. Ndikofunika kupewa kukhudzana ndi namsongole ndi nthaka yomwe amachitiridwa ndi iwo kwakanthawi.
Osati owopsa ngati mankhwala, koma nkhondo yolimbana ndi namsongole ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi azitsamba wowerengeka.
Koloko
Njira yothetsera vuto lalikulu la soda siyotsika poyerekeza ndi mphamvu zake zowononga. Mukasungunula sopo wochapa zovala, zingokulitsa kugwira ntchito bwino.
Vinyo woŵaŵa
Viniga amathiridwa mosamalitsa masamba ndi zimayambira za udzu ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Namsongole wachichepere amatsata njirayi, isanatuluke maluwa ndi mbewu. Njira yopangira mankhwala oterewa ndi osavuta:
- Sungunulani supuni 5 za viniga ndi supuni 2 za mchere wapatebulo mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito mosamala, osalola yankho kupeza mbewu zamasamba.
- Sakanizani makapu awiri viniga, makapu awiri madzi, thumba la citric acid, magalamu 30 a mowa, supuni 2 zamadzimadzi otsuka mbale.
Mukamagwira ntchito ndi viniga, muyenera kutsatira zomwezo monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Sopo wa herbicidal
Chinsinsi cha sopo wa herbicidal: sakanizani magawo ofanana a viniga, mchere, sopo wotsuka wochapa. Atalandira yankho lofanana, dothi limathandizidwa nalo.
Mchere
Mchere umakonkhedwa kwambiri m'derali (pafupifupi 1 kg pa 1 mita mita). Mvula ndi mame zimathandizira kuti idutse munthaka. Sangotentha namsongole yekha, komanso kuletsa zatsopano kukula. Komabe, pamabedi am'munda njirayi akadali yabwino kwambiri... Ndioyenera kuyeretsa mabwalo, njira zam'munda. Ngati mukugwiritsabe ntchito mchere m'munda, muyenera kuwaza mozungulira mabedi, ndikubwerera m'mbuyo kuzomera zolimidwa.
Mowa
Mowa ndiwothandizanso pantchito yamaluwa. Nthaka imathandizidwa ndi yankho la mankhwala azakumwa zakumwa ndi madzi (gawo 1: 10). 11 malita a yankho lokwanira 200 mita lalikulu.
The mankhwala a zomera ndi nthaka bwino anachita mu youma, bata nyengo, pamaso pa maluwa namsongole. Izi zimalepheretsa njira zothetsera namsongole kufikira mbewu zopindulitsa. Mvula ndi chinyezi zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mayankho ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zawo.
Kuchita bwino kwambiri pakulimbana ndi namsongole kumatha kupezeka mwa kuphatikiza njira zamakina ndi zamankhwala... Kupatula apo, kuchotsa namsongole pamanja ndi njira yofala kwambiri, kuphatikiza mulching, kuyika nthaka, kuyikumba. Lolani kusankha kumakhala kolondola nthawi zonse ndikukolola kwakukulu!