Pafupifupi malo onse owetera njuchi pali chinthu chodabwitsa ngati kuchulukana kwa njuchi. Kuchulukana ndi njira yachilengedwe yoberekera njuchi ndipo kuwakakamiza kuti asachite izi kuli ngati kuletsa amayi kukhala ndi ana. Kuti athandize alimi a njuchi, akuyenera kuyang'aniridwa. Kuchenjeza panthawi yake ndi ntchito yolondola kuti izi zitheke sizifooketsa mabanja. Mutha kukulitsa malo owetera njuchi ndikupeza mabanja okwanira pofika nthawi yosonkhanitsa uchi.
Chifukwa chiyani njuchi zimayamba kuchuluka, zifukwa komanso momwe zimamenyera
- Masika Madera olimba amasonkhanitsa njuchi zambiri... Sakhala otanganidwa ndi ntchito yolemetsa ana. Ngati panthawiyi chomeracho sichitha kutulutsa timadzi tokoma, ndiye kuti njuchi zimasiyidwa zopanda ntchito ndipo banjali likuyamba kuchuluka.
- Ngati pali mfumukazi yakale mumng'oma... Sichimatulutsa ma pheromones okwanira, chifukwa cha izi, tpoto tambiri timatuluka, ntchito yomanga imachepa, ndichifukwa chake kuyikidwa kwa ma cell amfumukazi.
- Ngati mukusunga nthawi sanakulitse ming'oma.
- Zoipa kusinthana kwa mpweya.
- Mng'oma nayonso ana ambiri a njuchi.
Pozindikira kwakanthawi kochulukirapo, ming'oma iyenera kuyang'aniridwa masiku khumi aliwonse.
Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa mabanja, nyengo ndi njira zowongolera
Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa dzikolo, muyenera kudziwa zizindikilozo... Pali zingapo za izi:
- Mu zisa kugwiriridwa kwambiri ndi ma drone.
- Asanakhazikike Chiberekero chatsala pang'ono kusiya kufesa ana.
- Pa zisa maselo amfumukazi amawonekera.
- Njuchi zimasiya kugwira ntchito ndipo gawo lalikulu kusonkhana pa bolodi.
- Lonjezani mphamvu kulira.
Kuti muwone bwino vutoli, mutha ikani chimango cholinganira mumng'oma... Kodi mungachite bwanji?
Gawani chimango pakati... Kokerani mzere kumunsi, ndipo kumtunda kuyenera kukhalabe kopanda kanthu. Ngati njuchi modekha zigwiritsire zisa ndikuzaza ndi uchi, ndiye zonse zili bwino, koma mukangoona ma cell amfumukazi ndi ana aamuna, zomwe zimachitika poyambira zimayamba ndipo muyenera kulimbana nazo.
Dzombe lidzakhala lokonzeka kutuluka kanthawi kochepa - masiku 8-9 mutabzala mowa wamayi. Yoyamba idzauluka pokhapokha nyengo yotentha, yamtendere, koma yotsatira imatha kutuluka iliyonse.
Nthawi yochuluka Nthawi zambiri kumachitika njuchi kwa miyezi iwiri - Meyi komanso koyambirira kwa Juni. Koma izi si zana limodzi, chifukwa milandu idachitika mu Julayi komanso koyambirira kwa Ogasiti.
Momwe mungatulukire kunja kwa dzikolo, choti muchite?
Njira zilizonse zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito podzitchinjiriza, muyenera kukhala okonzekera. Zikatero dzombe liyenera kugwidwa... Chifukwa chake, mutha kulimbikitsa mabanja ofooka kapena kupanga banja lathunthu. Kodi chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi chiyani?
- Khalani ndi katundu mng'oma wopanda kanthu.
- Asanakhazikike khazikitsani misampha.
- Gulani nyambo mankhwala "Apiroy" kapena "Apimil".
Cook khamu kugwa. Fukani ndi madzi otentha. Youma ndi sitolo. Dulani ngati utoto wakale wachoka ndikutulutsa fungo. Pofuna kugwira, muyenera kukhala ndi misampha 2-3.
Mutha kugwira gulu lanyama m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
- misampha;
- palibe misampha.
Kugwira khamu ndi misampha
Misampha kapena dzombe liyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Ngati simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zagulidwazo, ikani nokha. Ikani misampha 2-3 kuti mugwire bwino.
Dzombe limawoneka ngati bokosi lokhala ndi chivindikiro... Iyenera kukhala ndi malita osachepera 50, chifukwa nthawi zambiri njuchi zazikulu masamba ndi msampha wocheperako sizingakope chidwi chawo. Anawona bowo la mpope ndi mabowo olowetsa mpweya mmenemo. Ikani mafelemu ndi zowumitsa. Payenera kukhala 5-8 mwa iwo. Pofuna kukopa njuchi, mafuta ndi kukonzekera kapena opaka ndi singano.
Osakola zisa. Zidzakopa nyerere ndi tizilombo tina.
Sankhani malo abata, otsika kuti mutchere misampha... Sitiyenera kukhala kutali ndi malo owetera njuchi. Nthawi zambiri, njuchi zimasankha spruce ndi paini kuti ziziuluka. Pamtunda wa mamita 6-8, tsitsani msamphawo ndi waya. Iyenera kumangirizidwa mwamphamvu kuti asadodometsedwe ndi mphepo.
Ngati mwachita zonse molondola ndipo njuchi zathetsa msampha, ziyenera kutengedwa kupita kumng'oma. Sunthani njuchi usikupamene njuchi zonse zimakhamukira kugululo. Tsekani zolowera ndikutsitsa mosamala msampha mumtengowo. Ikani wina pamalopo.
Mng'oma, womwe uyenera kukonzekera pasadakhale, kumuika gulu lankhondo. Musanaikire, yang'anani mafelemuwo, ngati ali oyipa, chotsani ndi kugwedeza njuchi mumng'oma... Mukasanthula, pezani mfumukazi ndipo onetsetsani kuti iye ndi njuchi alowa mumng'oma. Ikani mafelemu omwe akusowa ndi owuma ndi maziko. Phimbani ndi thireyi ndi chivindikiro. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika msampha pafupi ndi mng'oma kwakanthawi, kuti njuchi zomwe zagwa kumbuyo zipite kukapeza umboni.
Njuchi zitasamutsidwa bwinobwino kuchoka kunyumbako kupita kumng'oma, msampha uyenera kutsukidwa ndikukhazikitsanso msampha.
Kugwira gulu lanyama popanda msampha
M'malo mozungulira gulu la njuchi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mng'oma wapansi dadana kapena sunbed. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyika pafupifupi mita makumi asanu kuchokera kumalo owetera njuchi. Ikani mafelemu asanu ndi atatu ndi sushi mmenemo ndikupaka ndi fungo lokongola. Mwa njira iyi mutha kusonkhanitsa ziweto 2-3 pachaka... Ubwino wa njirayi ndikuti pambuyo pogwira njuchi, sikuyenera kusamutsidwa kulikonse. Banja lokwanira limayamba.
Njira yachiwiri yosodza. Kwa iye, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito chonyamulira wamba pamafelemu. Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwawona kuti banja likukonzekera kutsegula, ndipo mulibe gulu lankhondo, tengani chonyamulira wamba kapena bokosi laling'ono. Ikani mmenemo chimango chimodzi kapena ziwiri ndi youma. Afalikeni ndi kunyamula ndi Apiroem.
Gulu lomwe lanyamula ziboda pamtengo wina wosankha, ikani chonyamulacho pamutu panu ndikuyamba kuyenda pang'onopang'ono pansi pake. Pakapita kanthawi, njuchi ziyamba kutsikira kubokosi. Musaope, njuchi mdziko lino siziluma. Chinthu chachikulu sikuti musinthe mwadzidzidzi... Mukangomva kuti bokosi liyamba kulemera, sunthani pang'onopang'ono kuti mutenge njuchi zochuluka momwe zingathere ndipo ndikofunikira kuti mfumukazi ilowerere m'bokosi. Akangolowa mwa iye, ndiye kuti njuchi zonse zimamutsatira.
Mukatha kusonkhanitsa njuchi, muyenera kungozichotsa pang'onopang'ono pamutu panu ndikupachika bwino panthambi kapena kuziyika pamalo okwera. Osayiyika pansi konse, chifukwa nyerere zikalowa m'bokosi, khamu liziwuluka... Pakapita kanthawi, tsekani kabati ndi nsalu yopepuka ndikuisiya kuti iziziziritsa. Madzulo, sungani njuchi mumng'oma wopanda kanthu kapena yonjezerani koloni yofooka.
Momwe mungachotsere gulu la njuchi mumtengo?
Palibe chovuta kuchotsa dzombe pamtengo. Chachikulu ndikuti musaphonye mphindi ino, chifukwa njuchi zikangosankha zakunyumba, nthawi yomweyo adzauluka. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zotsatirazi kuti muchepetse gululi:
- Roevney.
- Ndi ladle.
- Utsi botolo ndi mandimu mankhwala kulowetsedwa.
- Masitepe.
- Mng'oma wopanda kanthu.
- Bolodi ndi msampha.
Ngati dzombalo lili pamtunda wochepa, ndiye kuti ndiosavuta kuchotsa... Timayimitsa kapena kuyika msampha pambali pake, kudzoza ndi Apiro, ndikudikirira kuti njuchi zizithamangira pang'onopang'ono. Kapenanso timasinthanitsa bokosi pansi pamadzi ndikuligwedeza kamodzi. Zotsalazo zitha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi scoop. Tsekani msamphawo ndikuchoka mpaka madzulo.
Zovuta kuponyera dzombe likagwidwa pamwamba pamtengo... Poterepa, muyenera kusintha makwerero kapena makwerero aatali. Tigwiritsanso ntchito mitengo iwiri. Lumikizani msampha kwa wina, khomerani mzake.
Ikani botolo lachitsulo m'thumba mwanu ndikukwera mosamala masitepe ndi mitengoyo.
Thirani uchiwo m'madzi musanachotse, izi zithandizira kuti azisonkhanitsa mosavuta. Ikani msampha pansi pa mpira wa njuchi ndi mzati. Kokani nthambiyo ndi ndowe ya mzati wachiwiri. Gwedezani nthambi mofulumira komanso mwamphamvu kuti chotupacho chigwere m'chigwachi.... Yesani izi kamodzi. Tsopano yolumikizani bokosilo ku nthambi ndikutseka chivindikirocho. Njuchi zotsalazo zidzalowa mmenemo kudzera pa dzenje lolowera.
Ngati kuli kosatheka kukonza msampha, ugwetseni pansi ndikudikirira kuti tizilombo tonse tisonkhane. Tsopano atha kusamutsidwa kukapereka umboni wopanda kanthu.
Ikani mafelemu awiri ndikufesa muumboni ndipo njuchi siziuluka, koma zipita kukagwira ntchito.
Momwe mungaletsere ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu?
Njirayi, momwe mungayang'anire ndi kuitchinjiriza, ndiyofunikira kwa onse oyamba kumene komanso alimi odziwa zambiri.
Kwa oyamba kumene ulimi wa njuchi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigule mtundu wa njuchi zomwe sizichulukana. Koma njuchi zotere sizimasonkhanitsa timadzi tokoma bwino, poyerekeza ndi gulu la njuchi. Izi zili choncho zomwe zikuchuluka Ndi kuberekana kwa njuchi. Njira yachilengedwe, yachilengedwe yomwe imakhala ngati yolimbikitsa kwa iwo.
Alimi odziwa bwino ntchito zawo nthawi zonse amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa njuchi ndipo ngati zingatheke, pewani. Chofunika kwambiri pakuwongolera nkhaniyi ndikupezeka kwa mlimi pafupipafupi ndi njuchi. Munthawi yodzaza, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonza wotchi kapena kukhala kwakanthawi.
Kodi chiyenera kuchitidwa nchiyani kuti athetse kuchuluka kwa anthu? Malangizo ochokera kwa alimi odziwa zambiri:
- Gulani njuchi osachuluka;
- pafupipafupi sintha mafumukazi akale;
- chotsani zakumwa zoledzeretsa za amayi pa zisa;
- osayika malo owetera njuchi dzuwa lotentha;
- munthawi yake onjezani zitseko mabanja olimba;
- kuchuluka kwa ana m'mabanja olimba (zigawo ziyenera kupangidwa kuchokera kumabanja otere);
- palibe chiphuphu imabweretsa banjali mdzikolo.
Ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa, chiopsezo chochulukitsa njuchi chichepetsedwa.
Momwe mungapangire njuchi zambirimbiri, zotsatira zake ndi ziti?
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani alimi odziwa zambiri amachita ziweto zodzikongoletsera? izo zofunikira kuti njuchi zitheke m'malo owetera ndikuwonjezera mabanja (Njira ya Taranov).
Kuti muchite izi, motsatana, muyenera kusonkhanitsa uchi wamkulu. Mabanja atsopano ophunzitsidwa bwino adzakhala ndi nthawi yokhazikika m'nyumba zatsopano. Kuchulukitsa kwapangidwe kawirikawiri kumachitika ndi alimi odziwa zambiri... Kwa oyamba kumene, iyi ndi njira yovuta komanso yotenga nthawi. Koma amalipidwa kuwirikiza, chifukwa mabanja oterewa nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito bwino kuposa omwe sagawanika.
Pali njira zingapo zothamangitsira:
Njira 1: kugwiritsa ntchito masanjidwe oyambira
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyala ndi mfumukazi zomwe zidalowanso m'makutu... Zotsatira zake, mabanja atsopano akukula mwachangu. Izi ndichifukwa chokhazikitsa ana okhwima ochokera kubanja lolimba.
Banja lotere limatha kulimba ndikutolera uchi waukulu.
Kodi mungachite bwanji?
- Ikani mng'oma wopanda kanthu pafupi ndi mng'oma womwe mukufuna kuika... Poterepa, mng'oma uyenera kukhala wofanana mofanana ndi woyamba, ndi kujambula mtundu wofanana ndendende.
- Ikani mafelemu awiri odzaza ndi uchi, mkate wa njuchi mumng'oma wopanda kanthu. Komanso mafelemu okhala ndi mafelemu owuma ndi 2 okhala ndi maziko. Pakatikati, siyani malo a mafelemu awiri.
- Tengani kuchokera kubanja lolimba mafelemu awiri okhala ndi ana ndi njuchi... Ayikeni pakatikati pa mng'oma wachiwiri (pomwe mungakhazikitse banja latsopano).
- Mu banja latsopano timakhazikitsa chiberekero chogulidwa kapena timayika zakumwa zoledzeretsa za amayi zomwe chiberekero chidzatuluke posachedwa.
- Kwa zisa muyenera kutsanulira magalasi awiri a madzi ofunda.
- Phimbani ndi kuthandizidwa, kutchinjiriza ndi chivindikiro.
- Mutha kuwona mng'omawu m'masiku 6-8... Ngati mng'oma watsala wopanda mfumukazi, muyenera kubzala ina, apo ayi, njuchi sizigwira ntchito mpaka mfumukazi itayamba kubzala.
Yankho 2: gawani banja pakati
Gawani banja pakati... Ngati ndi yolimba ndipo pali ana ochulukirapo, ndiye kuti njuchi zotere zimatha kubowola mwachilengedwe, zomwe zimasokoneza njuchi kuntchito ndipo nthawi yosonkhanitsa uchi idzasowa, komanso kutayika kwa njuchi ndizotheka.
Momwe mungagawire molondola?
- Mukayang'ana, sankhani mng'oma ndi banja lolimba.
- Ikani mng'oma wopanda kanthu 0.5 m kuchokera mumng'oma uwu.
- Tulutsani theka la mafelemu okhala ndi ana ndi chakudya, ndi kusamukira ku mng'oma wopanda kanthu.
- Malizitsani ming'oma yonse ndi mafelemu ndi youma ndi sera.
- Tsekani ming'oma.
- Patapita nthawi Njuchi zidzagawika ming'oma iwiri.
- Banja latsopano liyenera pitani chiberekero.
- Pang'ono ndi pang'ono Ming'oma imayenera kuchotsedwa kutali... Tsiku lililonse mtunda ukuwonjezeka ndi 0,5 m.
- Nthawi yonseyi njuchi kudyetsedwa ndi madzi a shuga.
Yankho 3: njuchi zili ponseponse
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi njuchi.
- Kuchokera kubanja lolimba tulutsani mafelemu 2-3 okhala ndi ana ndi chiberekero.
- Kuziika izo mu mng'oma wopanda kanthu.
- Ikani mafelemu okhala ndi youma pakati pa ana (1-2), komanso kuzungulira m'mbali ndi maziko.
- Mng'oma wokhala ndi banja latsopano ife timayika mmalo mwa chakale.
- Bzalani chiberekero chaching'ono mumng'oma wakale, kapena mayi wokhwima.
- Kukula kwachinyamata perekani madzi akumwa asadanye njuchi zouluka.
Njira 4: kuyala kuchokera m'mabanja osiyanasiyana
Chopanda mng'omawo amatengedwa kuchokera kumabanja osiyanasiyana... Pachifukwa ichi, mafelemu okhala ndi ana ochokera m'mabanja osiyanasiyana amatengedwa ndikuyikidwa mumng'oma.
Onetsetsani kuti chiberekero cha mumng'oma chakale sichilowa mumng'oma uwu.
Chiberekero chimayikidwa m chisa chatsopano ndi kuteteza izo. Ikani pamalo atsopano. Banja lachinyamata liyenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino.
Kuchuluka kwa nyama ndi njira yovuta, koma yofunikira kumalo owetera njuchi... Pofuna kuonjezera zokolola za malo owetera njuchi, pamafunika kuwongolera. Ngati mupanga njuchi moyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zothanirana ndi uchi, mutha kukulitsa malo owetera njuchi ndikukolola uchi wabwino kwambiri.