Pichesi ndi chomera chosakhalitsa... Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kulowa kwake mwachangu gawo la zipatso, kukula kwakukulu.
Masamba a pichesi amatha kutulutsa mwachangu ndi kumasula mphukira zazing'ono. Korona amakula ndipo ngati sanadulidwe, kuyambira chaka chachiwiri, zokololazo zidzatsika.
Kuyambira chaka chachinayi, mapichesi adzakhala ochepa komanso osasintha. Mitengo yaying'ono imayamba kubala zipatso chaka chachiwiri mutabzala. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, amatha kupereka zokolola mchaka choyamba, ndikubzala nthawi yophukira.
Koma izi siziyenera kuloledwa. Ndi bwino kulola mbewuyo kukula. Mudzatola mbewu zochepa, koma nthawi idzatha, ndipo chomeracho chidzatha mphamvu.
M'ndandanda wazopezekamo
- Mitengo yamapichesi yowutsa mudyo
- Zosiyanasiyana ndi malongosoledwe awo
- Bwererani koyambirira: Kiev Oyambirira, White Swan, Grisboro ndi Redhaven, Morettini
- Kukolola kwapakati: Collins, Kadinala, Golden Moscow, Sibiryak, Saturn, Kremlin, Donskoy
- Mochedwa, kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu: Fury, Frost, Veteran
- Mapichesi omwe amadzipangira okha, Inka, Vulcan, Harnas, Jubilee Yagolide
Mitengo yamapichesi yowutsa mudyo
M'mbuyomu, wamaluwa amalota zamapichesi omwe amatha kulimidwa m'malo onse mdziko muno, osati kumwera kokha.
Lero, maloto awo akwaniritsidwa: obereketsa agulitsa mitundu yosangalatsa yozizira-yolimba, mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana za zipatso, mawonekedwe azipatso ndi kulawa.
Mitengo yamapichesi imagawidwa m'magulu anayi (kutengera mawonekedwe a mwana wosabadwayo):
- Pichesi weniweni ndi chomera chokhala ndi zipatso za pubescent.
- Nectarine kapena pichesi wopanda kanthu.
- Peach wa Potanin (Amondi a Potanin).
- Fergana pichesi kapena mkuyu (zipatso zosalala).
Nthawi yakukhwima kwa zipatso, nyengo yamaluwa - zimadalira osati kudera lomwe mtengo wakula, komanso mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana:
- Mitundu yoyambirira kukhwima Perekani zipatso zoyamba kuyambira Julayi mpaka Ogasiti.
- Pakati pa nyengo lowetsani gawo la zipatso kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti ndikusangalala ndi zokolola mpaka Seputembara.
- Mapichesi omaliza zipse m'dzinja: Seputembala, koyambirira kwa Okutobala.
Mitundu iti yomwe ndiyabwino kwambiri pamunda kapena dimba zimatengera nyengo yamderali. Ndikofunikira kusankha mbeu kuti mutambasule nyengo yazipatso nyengo yonse.
Zokolola za mbewu zimadalira kusankha kolondola kwakutundu. Mukamagula mmera, muyenera kumvetsera mfundo zingapo zofunika, timafotokozera:
- Kodi mmela unachokera kuti?... Ngati nazale ili mu mzere wina, mmera ungafe mchaka choyamba mutabzala, kapena udzaundana nthawi zonse. Mitunduyo iyenera kuzalidwa, ndipo nazale iyenera kukhala nyengo yofanana (makamaka ngakhale mdera lomwelo) pomwe mtengo umakula.
- Kuyendera malo a scion... Iyenera kukhala yosalala komanso yosalala, yopanda mabampu ndi madzi oundana.
- Mizu yazomera ayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba. Muzu mu thunthu limodzi siuli wabwino.
Mbande za pachaka zimazika mizu bwino ndikusangalala ndi zokolola mwachangu. Mukamagula, ndibwino kuti muziyang'ana kwambiri, koma musankhe mbewu zolimba, zathanzi, osati nthambi zofooka.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi malongosoledwe awo
Bwererani koyambirira: Kiev Oyambirira, White Swan, Grisborough ndi Redhaven, Morettini
The peculiarity oyambirira kukhwima mitundu ndi kuti iwo mwamsanga kulowa fruiting gawo. Mbande ziwiri, zitatu zazaka zakubadwa kale zikukolola pang'ono. Amapereka zokolola mchaka chachinayi mpaka chachisanu mutabzala.
Posankha mitundu yoyambirira kukhwima, ndibwino kuti muziyang'ana pazomera zomwe zili ndi korona wotsika, wofalitsa. Ndiosavuta kusamalira ndikuwumba pakukula. Mitengo yaifupi ndiyosavuta kukolola.
Mwa mitundu ya omwe akuyimira gululi, mitundu ikuyenera chisamaliro chapadera Kiev Oyambirira, White Swan ndi Redhaven.
Mbewu ya Redhiven imakwera pafupifupi zaka 11. Zipatso zopitilira makilogalamu zana zimakololedwa pamtengo umodzi.
Mitundu ina yamapichesi oyambilira ndiyabwino munjira yake ndipo ili ndi zabwino zambiri.
Ubwino wamitundu yoyambirira yamapichesi:
- kupanga lonse korona zosaposa mamita 5;
- Zomera zimamera mu Epulo-Meyi;
- amalowa mu gawo la zipatso mwachangu: mchaka chachinayi mutabzala mmera;
- zipatso zimatulutsidwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Ogasiti;
- ili ndi zokolola zambiri, zonunkhira komanso zipatso zokoma.
Zipatso zoyamba zimawoneka pamtengo wokhwima, wopangidwa bwino. Izi sizingakhudze zokolola zokha: kuchokera pamtengo wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, mosamala, mutha kukolola mpaka makilogalamu 60 a mapichesi.
Wina woimira gulu ili ndi Grisborough zosiyanasiyana... Amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yake yapakatikati, koma, mosiyana ndi mitundu yomwe tatchulayi, imakhala yolimba nthawi yozizira.
Kuti chomeracho chikhale ndi zipatso pakatikati, chimayenera kubzalidwa m'malo opanda phokoso.
Kutentha kwanthawi yayitali kumasangalatsa peach zambiri... Chimodzi mwamaubwino ake ndi korona wofalitsa womwe ndi wosavuta kupanga.
Zipatso za Morettini ndi zina mwazoyamba kucha, koma zimakhala ndi mayendedwe apakatikati. Izi zimalepheretsa zipatso kuti ziziyendetsedwa mtunda wautali.
Kukolola kwapakati: Collins, Kadinala, Golden Moscow, Sibiryak, Saturn, Kremlin, Donskoy
Mitundu yakucha kwakatikati imalola wonyamula pichesi kuti apitilize.
Mbali ya zomera za mtundu uwu:
- mkulu, kufalitsa korona (kuchokera 5 mita);
- zokolola zambiri;
- kulimba kwabwino kwanyengo;
- zipatso zazikulu.
Mapichesi apakatikati amakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, koma pakati pawo pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imadziwonetsera bwino pamikhalidwe iliyonse ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera: Collins, Kadinala, Golden Moscow, Siberia, Saturn, Kremlin.
Kadinala Wosiyanasiyana yotchuka chifukwa cha zipatso zake zazikulu (kuchokera ku 140 g) ndi kukoma kwabwino. Uwu ndi umodzi mwamapichesi okoma kwambiri. Padziko lonse lapansi, adalandira mfundo zisanu. Ichi ndiye chisonyezo chapamwamba kwambiri.
Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, koma n'zovuta kulekerera chisanu chobwerezabwereza. Ndi bwino kuubzala pamalo odekha, osati kutali ndi khoma la nyumba kapena mpanda, koma kutali ndi madzi.
Pichesi ya Kremlin Amasintha mosavuta kusintha kwa nyengo yotentha, amakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa cha ichi, adakopa chidwi cha alimi ochokera kumadera omwe nthawi yotentha imakhala yabwino. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, zipatso zake zimafika 200 g.
Zosiyanasiyana Golden Moscow osati kalekale adawonekera pamsika, koma mbande zake ndizodziwika kwambiri. Chomeracho chimazizira bwino ndipo chimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, chimakhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zowutsa mudyo.
Nthawi yobala zipatso imafikira pafupifupi milungu itatu. Pichesi limamasula mochedwa, litatha chiwopsezo cha chisanu kubwerera, ndipo izi zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa zipatso zabwino.
Mitundu ya Sibiryak alimi amalemekezedwa kwambiri chifukwa chonyamula bwino kwambiri. Zipatso zachikasu zimatha kuzizidwa mpaka milungu itatu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizokoma komanso zowutsa mudyo, ndipo fupa limasiyanitsidwa ndi zamkati.
Mbewu yoyamba imakololedwa mu Ogasiti, ndipo zipatso zomaliza zimachotsedwa koyambirira kwa Seputembala.
Peach Saturn sasungidwa masiku opitilira 12. Komanso zambiri. Chomeracho chimakhala cholimba kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira (mpaka -27). Korona wolimba amaphatikiza chisamaliro ndipo izi zimakhudza zokolola.
Nthambi zikaweramitsidwa pansi, ndiye kuti mutha kukolola bwino chaka chilichonse.
Woimira wolimba kwambiri m'gululi ndi pichesi donskoy... Sikuti imangolimbana ndi chisanu chokhwima, komanso imachira msanga itazizira.
Ubwino waukulu wamapichesi a nthawi yakucha yakubala ndi zokolola zawo zambiri, kusunthika kwa zipatso komanso kulimba kwambiri kwa mtengowu.
Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi zamkati zokoma komanso zonunkhira bwino.... Korona wapamwamba amatha kuwonedwa ngati wopanda pake, koma ndi mawonekedwe olondola a mtengo, umachotsedwa mosavuta ndikusandulika ukoma.
Mochedwa, kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu: Fury, Frost, Veteran
Anabzala pichesi, koma sichimabala chipatso, koma mwamphamvu kwambiri amakula korona? Osakwiya: ndibwino kudekha ndikudikirira pang'ono.
Mitundu yakucha mochedwa imabereka zipatso kuyambira zaka 5 mutabzala mmera. Amapangidwira kulima kumadera akumwera. Kumpoto ndi ku Middle zone, alibe nthawi yakupsa ndipo ndi wowawasa.
American Fury zosiyanasiyana chilimbikira chisanu mpaka madigiri -28. Amayamikiridwa ndi zipatso zake zazikulu, mpaka 300 g, zamtundu wa lalanje. Chomeracho chimafunafuna chisamaliro.
Kukolola kumachitika mu Seputembara, pomwe mitengo ya maapulo ndi peyala imatsalira m'munda. Zipatso zimasungidwa kwa masiku osapitirira asanu ndi limodzi.
Frost zosiyanasiyana imaberekedwanso ndi obereketsa aku America, omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira ndi zomera zazikulu.
Mtengo umapereka zokolola zambiri, umapirira chisanu mpaka -26 madigiri, ndipo umagonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Zipatsozo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chatsopano. Kusungidwa kwa masiku khumi.
Mkalasi wakale amasiyana ndi mitundu yakuchedwa kucha chifukwa imalowa msanga mu fruiting ndipo imakula pang'ono. Kukula kwa zipatso sikusangalatsanso (osaposa 150 g).
Amakonda chifukwa cha kukoma kwake. Ndi abwino kusamalira.
Mapichesi omwe amadzipangira okha, Inka, Vulcan, Harnas, Jubilee Yagolide
Mitundu yodzipangira mungu imakonda kwambiri wamaluwa. Kuonjezera kubala zipatso, Limbikitsani kubzala mbewu zingapo kuti muteteze mungu... Koma mtengo umodzi nawonso udzabala zipatso.
Mwa mitundu yodzipukutira yokha, mitundu yodzipangira chonde, zokolola zabwino pakudzala kamodzi zimapereka Inka, Volcano, Harnas, Jubile ya Golide.
Harnas ali a mitundu yozizira yolimba, yoyambirira kucha. Ndi mtengo wolimba womwe umabala zipatso nthawi zonse. Chochititsa chidwi chake ndikuti zipatso zimagwira mwamphamvu nthambi ndipo sizimagwa.
Mitundu yoyambirira kukhwima imasiyanitsidwa ndi kulimba kwambiri kwa mitengo ndi maluwa. Amatha kupirira chisanu chobwerezabwereza. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikule osati m'madera akumwera okha, komanso pakati, komanso ku Siberia ndi Urals.
M'madera a Siberia, ndikofunikira kuteteza mitengo ku chisanu chobwerezabwereza.
Mitundu yapakatikati yapakati imapanga korona wabwino kenako ndikangokolola ndi zokolola zambiri. Chosavuta ndichakuti ndizovuta kupanga nthambi, koma kukolola kokhazikika komanso kowolowa manja kumakuthandizani kuti musayang'ane izi.
Mitundu yapakatikati yazanyengo nthawi zambiri imakhotera pansi kuti athe kukolola.
Chosowa chakuchedwa kucha ndikuti akhoza kumera kokha m'dera linalake. Koma ngati nyengo ikuloleza, ndiye kuti mitengoyi siyokongoletsa dimba lokha, komanso idzakusangalatsani ndi zipatso zokoma.
Mukamabzala pichesi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mitundu yonse imamasula molawirira kwambiri, pakadalibe tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri. Mutha kuthandiza chomeracho pogwedeza pang'ono nthambi zakumtunda kuti munguwo ugwere pama inflorescence apansi.
Zomera zimayankha bwino kuthira feteleza komanso kuthirira... Madzi amatenga gawo lofunikira pakupanga zipatso. Kuchuluka kwake kumadalira osati kukula kwa mapichesi, komanso kukoma kwawo ndi kununkhira.
Sangalalani ndi kusamalira mbande zanu kuti zisanduke mitengo yokongola ndikusangalatsa zokolola zake chaka chilichonse.