Madzulo a nyengo yachilimwe yachilimwe, wamaluwa amakumana ndi funso loti asankhe tomato zosiyanasiyana. Chaka chilichonse zatsopano zimapezeka pamsika wambewu. Ambiri amakonda kugula mbewu zotsimikizika, pomwe ena amakonda kusaka mitundu yabwino kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti azisamala ndi Tanya F1 wosakanizidwa wa kampani yaku Dutch "Seminis Vegetable Mbewu", malongosoledwe ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe muphunzire pankhaniyi.
Makhalidwe ndi malongosoledwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Tanya
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa Tanya F1 umapangidwa kuti ukhale wolima ku Russia konse; m'malo omwe kumakhala nyengo yozizira, umakula bwino m'nyumba zosungira. Idangolowetsedwa kumene mu State Register of the Russian Federation.
Chomeracho ndi cha mtundu wokhazikika wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 50-60 cm, ndiyofanana. Chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso mizu yamphamvu. Burashi yoyamba imachokera pamwamba pa tsamba lachisanu ndi chiwiri. Maburashi otsatirawa adzamangiriridwa mu pepala limodzi kapena awiri. Brashi imapangidwa kuchokera ku 4-5 tomato wozungulira ofiira ofiira owala.
Kulemera kwa phwetekere wamba kumachokera ku 130 mpaka 180 g. Zamkati ndizolimba, zokoma zokoma. Tomato ang'onoang'ono ndi abwino kudyetsedwa mwatsopano ndi kumalongeza. Ankakonda kupanga phwetekere ndi phala. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yakupsa, ndi masiku a 72-75. Zokolola mpaka 3 kg pa chitsamba chilichonse.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mpaka makilogalamu 5.5 azipatso zatsopano atha kukolola kuchokera pa 1 m2.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana
Ubwino wa tomato Tanya F1 ukhoza kutchedwa:
- zokolola zambiri ndi chitsamba chokwanira komanso malo obzalidwa pang'ono;
- kusasitsa mwamtendere;
- kukana kutentha;
- kukana matenda akulu;
- mbewuyo imasungidwa bwino ndipo imalekerera mayendedwe;
- Kusamalira mbewu sikungapangitse kutsina ndi mapangidwe a tchire;
- kusinthasintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zipatso m'malo opanda pake ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe.
Zoyipa zina ndikufunika kogwiritsira ntchito zothandizira pazitsamba zokutidwa ndi tomato kuti zisawonongeke.
Agrotechnology yolima tomato
Kudzala mbewu
Phwetekere imakula m'mizere. Nthawi yabwino yobzala mbewu ndi zaka khumi zoyambirira za Marichi kapena masiku 50-60 masiku asanafike kubzala mbande pansi. Kupangitsanso kuti mbeu zizikhala ndi ma biostimulants ndikofunika. Mbewu imafesedwa mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 0,5-1 m'mabokosi okhala ndi peat osakaniza.
Kapangidwe kabwino ka nthaka yobzala mbande itha kupezeka powonjezera vermiculite kwa iyo, imasokoneza nthaka. Kuti mupeze mphukira zabwino, zofunikira zimaperekedwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mchipinda + 24 digiri, chinyezi 80%. Kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda kumachitika mosamala, osati pafupipafupi.
Mbande imadumphira pamunsi pa masamba enieni 2-3 m'makontena osiyana. Mukamasankha, tsinani muzu waukulu. Kenako, amawunika kutentha, chinyezi, kuyatsa koyenera. Kudyetsa koyenera kumachitika.
Kwa masiku 10 musanadzalemo mbande, njira zowumitsa zimachitika, tsiku lililonse zimawonetsa kutentha pang'ono.
Kudzala mbande
Zophatikiza Tatiana F1 zimabzalidwa pamabedi owala ndi nthaka yachonde. Kutentha kwakukulu, pamwamba pa madigiri 32, ndi kutentha pang'ono kuli kowopsa pamitundu iyi. Mulimonsemo, pogona pakufunika. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira, yonyowa.
Mitengo imabzalidwa m'mabedi otseguka m'zaka khumi zapitazi za Meyi ndi nthaka yokwanira yotentha. Mukamabzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, ntchitoyi imagwiridwa kale.
Zowoneka, kukonzekera kwa mbande kubzala pansi kumatsimikizika ndi kupezeka kwa masamba 9-10 ndi burashi yoyamba yamaluwa ndi tsinde lokwanira kokwanira.
Kubzala kumachitika mu bolodi la checkerboard la mbewu 2.5 pa m2. Kenako kuthirira kumachitika malita 2-3 pa m2.
Malamulo osamalira
- Kuuluka kwa inflorescence kumachitika palokha. Zinthu zabwino zoyendetsera mungu: kutentha + madigiri 25 ndi chinyezi mkati mwa 60-80%. Akamakula m'mazenera, amapitanso njira zina kuti akope tizilombo ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yonjenjemera pogwedeza nthambi za tchire kapena trellis. Kulandila kwa kugwedera kumachitika katatu pa sabata m'mawa mukatha kukolola.
- Osawonetsedwa pafupipafupi, koma kuthirira madzi okwanira kamodzi pamlungu. Kuthirira mosasamala ndikowopsa chifukwa chodulidwa kwa tomato.
- Phwetekere Tanya F1 safuna kutsina, koma kuyika zothandizira za nthambi zokhala ndi zipatso ndikofunikira.
- Kulima tomato mnyumba zobiriwira kumafuna mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse kuti ukwaniritse kutentha ndi chinyezi chofunikira. M'mabedi otseguka, zomera zimafunikira pogona pakawopsezedwa chisanu.
- Pakukula koyamba komanso gawo la zipatso, phwetekere amafunika kuvala mchere koposa zonse. Muyenera kugwira ntchito ndi nayitrogeni mosamala, zochulukazo zidzasokonekera masamba. Kulowetsedwa kwamadzi mullein, ndowe za mbalame, zitsamba nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Manyowa ovuta amchere, komanso boric acid, mkuwa sulphate, manganese, ndi ayodini amawonjezeredwa kudyetsa mbewu ndi ma microelements. Kudyetsa phulusa ndikofunikira. Phwetekere imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chakudya chopanda malire, chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa zinthu kuyenera kuchitidwa moyenera.
- Olima wamaluwa odziwa ntchito amachepetsa maluwa m'maburashi kuti apange zipatso. Pamaburashi awiri oyamba muyenera kusiya mitundu 4-5, ndi 5-6 yotsatira. Njirayi ipatsa zipatso zotsalazo ndi zakudya zokwanira. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala zipatso zabwino.
Kupewa matenda
Tanya F1 wosakanizidwa amalekerera matenda owopsa a phwetekere. Koma njira zothandizira sizikhala zopanda phindu. Zothandiza zachilengedwe mankhwala ndi decoction wa anyezi mankhusu, adyo ndi kuwonjezera manganese. Zizindikiro za bowa zikawoneka, mankhwala a Fitosporin amakhala othandiza.
Mukamabzala tomato, kupatuka kowonekera pamachitidwe kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi kumabweretsa matenda ndi kutaya zipatso. Mlimi aliyense ayenera kukumbukira izi.
Zophatikiza Tanya F1 imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda oopsa mochedwa, khansa ya tsinde la alternaria, tsamba laimvi, zowola za apical.
Malangizo Achi Dutch Dutch
Zina mwazinsinsi zaukadaulo wakulima wa phwetekere ku Dutch zokolola zambiri:
- ngalande imayikidwa pansi pa bokosi lodzala mbewu, nthaka yonyowa yamchere pamwamba, mbewu zimafesedwa, zomwe zimawazidwa ndi vermiculite ndi mchenga;
- pobzala mbewu, ubweya wa mchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa tizirombo;
- tizilombo tiyenera kukopeka ndi wowonjezera kutentha kwa mungu;
- kuti kukula kwa tchire labwino komanso lamphamvu, ndikofunikira kuchotsa kukula kwambiri ndi thumba losunga mazira munthawi yake;
- mbande zimadyetsedwa bwino ndi feteleza wapadera ndi zinthu zofunika;
- malinga ndi ukadaulo waku Dutch, masana, kutentha kwamlengalenga kuyenera kukhala kosalekeza pafupifupi madigiri + 17-18, chinyezi cha mpweya chiyenera kukhala osachepera 65%;
- kuthirira kumachitika ndi njira yodontha;
- zokolola zimachotsedwa m'mawa tsiku lililonse;
- Pakutha msanga kwa zipatso zam'mbuyomu, ethylene imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo, chomeracho chimakulungidwa mufilimu.
Chifukwa chokolola kwambiri, kulawa bwino komanso kusasamalira kofunikira, Dutch hybrid Tanya F1 ikufunika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa oweta.