Mbatata ya Colombo ndi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima komanso kubzala m'malo akulu. Zimasiyanasiyana pakuyenda bwino, kusunga mtundu ndi kukoma kwabwino... Makhalidwe amtunduwu komanso mawonekedwe olima amapezeka pansipa.
Zambiri zaku Colombo zosiyanasiyana
Kuti mupeze yoyenera zosiyanasiyana zolimidwa pandime yanu Ndikofunika kuti muzidziwe bwino, osati kokha ndi kukoma kwake, komanso ndi malamulo a kulima kwake.
Kufotokozera
Cholozera | Kufotokozera |
---|---|
Peel | Wowonda kwambiri ndi mtundu wa amber. |
Maso | Yochepera 0.2 mm. |
Zamkati | Ali ndi utoto woterera. |
Fomuyi | Olongoka chowulungika. |
Wowuma | 12-14 %. |
Avereji ya kulemera kwa tuber | 18-130 gr. (zimatengera kuchuluka kwa ma tubers kuthengo) |
Chitsamba | Erect, kufalikira. Kutalika kwake ndi 55 cm. |
Maluwa | Yoyera ndi utoto wa lilac. |
Mukamawuma, magawowo sagwa ndikusunga mawonekedwe ake.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana ochokera ku Finland
Mbatata zogwiritsa ntchito patebulo ndipo ndizoyenera kukonzekera mbale iliyonse kukhitchini. Ili ndi nyengo yakucha msanga, mutha kuyamba kukumba mbatata zoyamba kale masiku 45 mutabzala... Mbatata zokula bwino zidzakhala zokonzeka kukumba masiku 65. Kucha kumatha kuweruzidwa ndi chitsamba chake, chomwe panthawiyi chidzauma. Zokolola kuchokera pa mita imodzi imodzi zidzakhala pafupifupi 5 kg.
Mitunduyi imapangidwa kwambiri ku Finland, ndipo izi zimakhudza molakwika kuti dzikoli limawerengedwa kuti ndi kwawo. Zomwe zimapangidwa ku Holland, ndipo ndi mitundu yaku Dutch.
Kudera lomwe Russia amapangidwira
Mitundu imeneyi idapangidwa kuti izilimidwe m'malo amenewa ku Russia:
- Dziko lakuda;
- North Caucasus;
- Dera Volgo-Vyatka;
- Kumpoto chakumadzulo;
- Chigawo Chapakati.
Ndemanga
Malinga ndi kuwunikira konse kwa wamaluwa, Colombo ili ndi mitengo yayikulu pamalowo.:
- Oposa, koposa zonse, kukoma kosakhwima ndipo saphika;
- Zatero mawonekedwe okongola tubers, zomwe zimakhudza kugulitsa kwake;
- Kukula msanga - kuli madera omwe amalandila zokolola ziwiri;
- Mwamtheradi wodzichepetsa posamalira kuseri kwa kubzala kwawo;
- Kupirira kuuma nthawi;
- Zazikulu Zotuluka;
- Kukaniza zosiyanasiyana matenda.
Pali vuto limodzi lokha pazosiyanazi - kusunga kwake koyipa. Amafuna malo apadera osungira, popeza amasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi cha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha... Ndiye kuti, kumwa, kumatha mpaka kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, koma ndizovuta kusunga zinthu zomwe zingabzalidwe mchipinda chapansi chosakonzekera.
Ndi mikhalidwe imeneyi, mbatata ikufunika kwambiri.
Kulima mbatata
Kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri, muyenera kuphunzira malamulo olimapo.
Malamulo ofika
Malamulo oyambira kutsatira mukamakula:
- Choyambirira, malo a dzuwa amasankhidwa ndipo anakumba, nthawi yomweyo humus imayambitsidwa ndipo timachotsa namsongole.
- Kutengera ndi dothi labwino pamalopo, njirayi imasankhidwa yomwe imavomerezeka kukulira mbatata. Ngati malowa ali pafupi ndi madzi apansi panthaka, ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yobzala ndikuibzala m'mapiri okwera masentimita 40. Ndikubzala kumeneku, idzauma bwino ndipo sipadzakhala zowola pazitsamba za mbatata.
- Atasankha njira yobzala, yamera ikani ma tubers m'mabowo okonzeka 7 cm... malinga ndi chiwembu 35x80 cm.
- Ngati tuber ndiposa 5 cm timagawa magawo kuti aliyense akhale ndi mphukira ndi zamkati. Gawoli liyenera kuyanika pasanathe masiku asanu kuti lisapangitse kuvunda mutabzala panthaka.
- M'dzenje lililonse onjezerani 250 g ya phulusaIzi zikhala ngati feteleza wa potashi wochulukitsa zokolola.
- Pambuyo kutuluka Amalumikizidwa katatu kuti alime ma tubers ambiri.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo onse mukamabzala mbatata kuti mukolole bwino.
Zinthu zokula
Mbali yabwino yazosiyanazi ndikuti kum'mwera kwa Russia mutha kupeza mbewu ziwiri za mbatata. Pakukolola kwachiwiri, ma tubers amabzalidwa mu Ogasiti., ndipo kukolola kumakololedwa mu October.
Pakukolola kwachiwiri, kubzala mbatata sikukhudzidwa konse ndi tizirombo.
Malamulo osamalira
Pamene mbatata imamera mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 15, hilling yoyamba yamera imachitika... Nthawi yomweyo, ndiyofunikiranso kupalira namsongole yemwe amatseka nsonga za mbatata. Kudzaza kumawonjezera mpukutu wa dothi lozungulira mizu kuwonjezeka kwa tuberization.
Popeza ma tubers amakula bwino panthaka yonyowa pang'ono, ndibwino kuthirira nyengo yotentha kamodzi pamlungu. Mofulumira ndi bwino ulimi wothirira... Amapezeka pobowola mbatata ndikutsata mzere wa tubers wobzalidwa. Mukathirira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza woyenera ndikuchotsa namsongole. Pambuyo pamagetsi onsewa, kuti dziko lapansi lisatengedwe ndi kutumphuka, ndikofunikira kumasula nthaka kuti mpweya uzilowera muzu wa mbatata.
Ndikofunikira kuthirira munthawi yake, umuna ndi kumasula, chifukwa izi ndi maziko opezera zokolola zochulukirapo.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana chifukwa chotsutsa kwambiri nsomba zazinkhanira za mbatata, golide nematode ndi nkhanambokutuluka mbatata.
Matenda | Zolemba malire 9 mfundo |
---|---|
Nkhanambo wamba | Mfundo 6.5. |
Choipitsa cham'mbuyo |
|
Kulekerera chilala | 5 mfundo. |
Za tizirombo, monga nthawi zonse, pamenepo mutha kupeza kachilomboka kakang'ono ka Colorado mbatata... Ngati mbatata zimabzalidwa pa mita zana, ndiye kuti imatha kutengedwa ndi dzanja, kwinaku ikuwononga mazira kumbuyo kwa tsamba la masamba. Ngati uku ndikubzala malonda, ndiye kuti kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata kakuwonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito fungicides zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'minda yapadera.
Mbatata zobzalidwa ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata kakuwonongeka nthawi ndi nthawi.
Pogula izi zosiyanasiyana, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti mudzapeza zokolola zabwino za mbatata zokoma. Chinthu chachikulu ndikusamalira mbatata zobzalidwa., ndipo athokoza wolima dimba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake komanso mtundu wake wa zokolola.