Kukoma kwawo ndi mashelufu awo kumadalira momwe masamba amasungidwa. Kodi ndingasunge mbatata m'firiji? Firiji imakhulupirira kuti imawononga kukoma kwa mbatata, komanso zimakhudzanso kuwonongeka kwa wowuma.
Kuti musunge mizu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena.
Kodi mbatata ingasungidwe kuti
Sikoyenera kusunga mbatata pa t zosakwana madigiri 5... Mitumbayi imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma, popeza mbatata zimayamba kuphuka ndipo zimayamba kuwola.
Tiyeni tione momwe tingasungire bwino mbatata.
Mu furiji
Kusunga mbatata mufiriji sikokwanira kwenikwenipamene masamba amatenga malo ambiri.
Koma ngati zidachitika kuti mbatata zidagulidwa ma kilogalamu angapo ndikugona kwa nthawi yayitali, mutha kuziyika mufiriji, kutsatira malamulo angapo:
- chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti mbatata sizili pafupi ndi freezer;
- Ndikofunika kuyang'anira t mufiriji, chizolowezi chake ndi +3 +6;
- masamba amasungidwa m'dirowa pansi pa firiji;
- ma tubers amayenera kusungidwa m'matumba amatepi (mbatata yovunda mu polyethylene);
- sungani mufiriji mbatata zambiri momwe mungafunikire masiku 10 otsatira. Sikoyenera kuti muzisunga nthawi yayitali.
Ngati t mufiriji imagwera pansi pa madigiri awiri, ndiye kuti mbatata zimakhala ndi zotsekemera, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa zimapangidwa mu tubers.
M'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba
Malo abwino osungira mbatata ndi m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba... Komabe, ngakhale pano muyenera kuganizira malamulowa kuti muteteze mizu ku zovunda ndi chiopsezo chodwala.
Choyamba, muyenera kusamalira makoma a chipinda chochezera ndi mchere wa patebulo.
Kuti muchite izi, konzani chisakanizo: tebulo mchere 200 g, slaked laimu 2 kg, vitriol 1 kg, madzi 10 malita. Ndi yankho ili, muyenera kutsuka makoma m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kawiri pa sabata.
Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino kapena kuthekera kotsatsira. Mbatata zimasungidwa m'mabokosi amitengo, omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti azipukutidwa ndi potaziyamu kale.
Kugwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka kutentha ndikofunikira. M'chilimwe t + 5-7C, ndipo nthawi yozizira + 2-4 C.
Pakhonde kapena polowera
Tubers ziyenera kusungidwa mukolido kapena polowera pamakatoni kapena mabokosi amitengo, wokhala ndi mabowo olowetsa mpweya.
Phimbani mabokosiwa ndi bulangeti kapena nsalu ina yamdima kuti asasanduke obiriwira kapena wakuda.
Kutentha kwapakati + 15C. Kotero kuti masamba samakula, timbewu tonunkhira, chowawa ndi masamba a rowan ayenera kuikidwa m'mabokosi.
Pakhonde
Kuphatikiza pa firiji, palinso malo ena ozizira m'nyengo yozizira - ili ndi khonde. Ngati khonde limakutidwa, ndiye kuti ndilofanana ndi cellar.
Kumeneku mutha kukhalabe ndi kutentha m'chigawo cha + 5 + 10 degrees nthawi yamvula.
Kuyamba muyenera kukonzekera bokosi lodzaza ndi kutchinjiriza: utuchi, nsalu yotentha. Kuchokera pamwambapa, mabokosi okhala ndi mbatata ayenera kutsekedwa ndi chivindikiro ndikusungidwa kutentha bwino kwa masamba osachepera + 5C, chinyezi choposa 85%.
Kunyumba
Ngati mukufuna kusunga mbatata m'nyumba, muyenera kusankha malo ozizira kwambiri. Ndizoletsedwa kuyika mabokosi ndi matumba okhala ndi mizu pafupi ndi mabatire.
M'nyengo yotentha, mbatata zoyambirira zimatha kusungidwa m'nyumba, koma kumbukirani kuzidya msanga. Ndi mmitundu yoyambirira pomwe mavitamini ambiri amapezeka, koma sanapangidwe kuti asungidwe kwanthawi yayitali.
Mitundu yochedwa kwambiri imasungidwa m'malo ozizira.: zovala, khonde kapena firiji.
Kukonzekera kosungirako
Ndikofunika kusunga nthawi yokolola. Izi zimakhudza kusunga kwa mbatata. Mukakolola ndikofunikira kuti mbatata igone padzuwa, njirayi imatchedwa kukonza kosalala.
Kuti muchite izi, mbatata zimafalikira padzuwa kwa masiku angapo. Kenako amatumizidwa kuti akasungidwe kumalo osankhidwa.
Mbatata ziyenera kukonzekera mukangokolola. Za ichi malangizo angapo ayenera kutsatidwa:
- chotsani ma tubers m'nthaka (palibe chifukwa chosamba);
- youma tubers padzuwa kapena pamalo owuma mpweya wabwino;
- sankhani zipatso zathanzi ndikutaya zomwe zili ndi kachilombo, zosweka, zowola;
- ikani chidebe chosungira.
Momwe mungasungire mbatata m'nyumba
Kusunga m'nyumba kumaphatikizapo kusankha malo omwe mbatata zidzakhala zabwino kwambiri. Pali malo atatu:
- Pakhomo lolowera kapena posungira... Pakhomo kapena pakhomopo pamakhala pozizira ndipo masamba amakhala pafupi, koma pali zovuta zina: kutengera nyengo, boma lina limasungidwa.
- Pakhonde... Ma tubers amakhala omasuka pakhonde, kutengera ulamuliro wa t. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuyika mabokosi amatabwa kuti pasakhale mipata pakati pawo, amafunikira kutchinjiriza.
- Mu furiji... T osachepera 3C. Sungani mbatata osapitirira milungu iwiri.
Kusunga m'nyumba kumaphatikizapo kuyika masamba m'malo ozizira komanso amdima kwambiri. Komabe, muzu wa mbewu sungagone kwa nthawi yayitali kutentha.
Ngati kulibe malo ena, ndiye kuti mungaganizire kusunga mbatata mufiriji.... Pali chikhalidwe - kusunga osapitirira masiku 10-14, kutsatira t boma.
Ndi mitundu iti yomwe amasungidwa bwino
Ndikofunika kuchotsa mitundu yochedwa kapena yapakatikati nyengo yachisanu. Mitunduyi imapatsidwa luso losunga bwino: Asterix, Atlant, Volat, Blue, Dolphin, Lad, Zhuravinka, Nevsky, Scarlett, Saturn.
Matenda ndi zomwe zimayambitsa
Ngati zasungidwa molakwika, mbatata zimatha kukhudza matenda:
- choipitsa mochedwa... Mawanga ovuta amawoneka pa tubers, momwe zamkati zimakhudzidwa. Zikuwoneka ngati umodzi wa zipatso watenga kale kachilombo;
- zowola zowuma... Khungu loyera limavala pakhungu. Zimapezeka ngati ma tubers asakanizidwa, amafalitsidwa ndi nthaka yotsatira. Ndibwino kutsuka mbatata musanasunge;
- nkhanambo wakuda... Bowa omwe amalimbana ndi mnofu wa tuber. Imafalikira kudzera m'nthaka, ndikalakwitsa t imafalikira kwa mbatata zina;
- mbatata zozizira... Zimapezeka ngati masamba amasungidwa pa t pansipa 2C.
Mukamakolola, muyenera kukhala osamalitsa ndikusanja mosamala mbewu zomwe zimachokera.
Kutentha kolondola, zotengera
Chitonthozo t mode +2 +3 madigiri, ndi chinyezi 70-80%... Kutentha kotentha: t + 5 + 10C.
Ngati kukuzizira m'nyengo yozizira, mbatata imayamba kuphuka. Ndipo ndikuchepa kosalekeza kwa t, kumakhala kotsekemera chifukwa chakusintha kwa wowuma kukhala shuga.
Ndi bwino kusunga masamba m'mabokosi amitengo., zomwe zimatchedwa "mabini". Kuti mukonzekere mabokosiwo, muyenera kuwerengera kuchuluka kwakukolola.
Pansi pa mabokosiwo muyenera kukweza masentimita 15 pansi, kutalika kwa mbaliyo kuyenera kukhala mamita 1-1.5. Malo pakati pa matabwa a 1-2 cm a mpweya wabwino. Mabokosi apamwamba ali ndi chivindikiro.
Zosungira nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka
Pali nthawi 4 zosunga mbatata zabwino:
- Kuchiritsa... Mukangomaliza kukolola, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa zikhalidwe za kupsa kwa tubers, chithandizo cha kuwonongeka kwamakina. Munthawi imeneyi, muyenera kusiya mbewuyo pa t12-18C mukamayang'ana masiku 8-10.
- Wozizilitsa... Ventilate tubers ndi usiku usiku mpaka t 1C. Mpweya wabwino umachitika mkati mwa masabata 2-3.
- Chofunika kwambiri ndi nthawi yopuma... Amayikidwa mchipinda momwe kutentha kumakhalabe pa 2-4C. Kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata, mchipindacho muzikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira kwa theka la ola.
- Masika - kuyamba kumera kwa mbatata. Mu February, pakakhala chiopsezo chotulutsa mbatata, muyenera kukonzekera kuumitsa nkhawa, kuchepetsa t mpaka 1-3C. Chifukwa chake mutha kupulumutsa ma tubers mpaka Meyi.
Ngati mutsatira malamulowa, mutha kukulitsa kusunga kwa muzuwo.