Anthu amagwirizanitsa nyengo yachilimwe ndi masamba atsopano ndi zipatso. Koma alimi odziwa ntchito komanso anthu okhala mchilimwe anali ndi chidwi ndi mayeso omwe anachitika ku Japan zaka zoposa 20 zapitazo. Ziwerengerozi zidatulutsa mavwende a mawonekedwe osangalatsa - lalikulu. Ndipo izi sizokongoletsa zokha, koma mabulosi odya kwathunthu omwe amabweretsa ndalama zambiri. Momwe tingachitire ndi momwe tingakulire zipatso zotere tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Mbiri ya chiyambi cha zipatso zazitali
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, chinsinsi cha agrarians achi Japan chidathetsedwa ndi Oktyabrina Ganichkina, yemwe anali ndi mwayi wopeza nawo maphunziro a sayansi ya zaulimi komanso wolemba mabuku okhudza ulimi ndi ulimi wamaluwa. Amakhulupirira kuti a ku Japan adayesetsa kuthana ndi mavuto a mayendedwe, koma zotsatira zake zidaposa zotsatira zonse ndipo nzika zolemera zidachita chidwi ndi mabulosi amtunduwu.
Kuyesera koyamba kunachitika mumzinda wa Tingsu. Alimi adayika masamba a mavwende m'mitsuko yayikulu ndipo zipatsozo zidayamba mawonekedwe.
Kunapezeka kuti mankhwalawa ndi osavuta kuyika, kusunga ndi kunyamula, komanso kunyamula pamitundu yayikulu. Ndipo kufunikira kwakukulu kwa mankhwalawa kunalimbikitsa alimi kuti apeze zatsopano. Ndipo posakhalitsa kuwala kunawona mavwende ndi tomato.
Chifukwa chiyani ndipo ndani amafunikira mavwende apakati?
Alimi onse komanso ogulitsa mafakitale nthawi yomweyo adazindikira kufunika kwakupezeka.
Choyamba, ndi Mayendedwe osavuta komanso azachumakomanso kusungira. Kachiwiri, chipatso ichi ndichabwino kuyika pa mbale ndikudula magawo oyenera.
Chachitatu, mitengo ndiokwera kwambiri kuposa mavwende oyenda mozungulira kapena oval. Chifukwa chake, zinsinsi zakukula mavwende otere zidayamba kusefukira ndikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Zomwe zili mkati mwa chivwende sizimasiyana ndi pakamwa pa mabulosi owoneka bwino. Zowona, atha kukhala otsika pamiyeso yakukonda. Koma zipatsozi zili ndi zinthu zingapo:
- Kusungira ndi kunyamula kosavuta, kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendera;
- yabwino kukhazikitsa patebulo komanso mufiriji;
- mawonekedwe apakati amachititsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kudula mwaukhondo;
- kukwera mtengo kumsika.
Koma kusinthaku kunakhudza mitundu yakunja ya mabulosi okha ndipo sikunakhudze mawonekedwe amakoma. Kwa alimi osadziwa zambiri, zipatso zimapsa mofanana kapena alibe nthawi yoti zipse, chifukwa chake, ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi anzawo owulungika mu kukoma ndi kukoma kwa kukoma.
Komanso mabulosi aliwonse amizeremizere amayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyang'aniridwa tsiku lililonse, kuti asasokoneze mawonekedwe ndi kukopa kwamalonda.
Zinthu ziwirizi zitha kudziwika kuti ndi zovuta zomwe zimalepheretsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zikuluzikulu ndikuchotsa mavwende amtundu wamba.
Zinthu zokula
Kulima kumapereka zotsatira zabwino kokha kumadera akumwera okhala ndi nyengo yabwino yotentha. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomekoyi, muyenera kusankha mavwende abwino. Ndi bwino kupatsa mtundu wosakanizidwa ndi nyengo yochepa.
Zochita zonse ziyenera kugawidwa mzigawo.
- Kufesa mbewu. Nthawi yabwino yobzala ikhala kumapeto kwa masika. Kupanda kutero, zipatsozo sizikhala ndi nthawi yoti zipse. Mbewu zimayenera kumera mu nthaka yonyowa kapena mchenga ndi kuunikira bwino.
- Kubzala pansi poyera kuyenera kuchitika pakakhala chiwopsezo chobwerera chisanu, ndipo nthaka imawotha mpaka madigiri 15.
- Mukabzala, mavwende ayenera kupatsidwa chisamaliro chofananira., yomwe imakhala kuthirira nthawi zonse, kumasula nthaka ndikukolola namsongole.
- Mapangidwe mwana wosabadwayo... Mazira a mavwende akafika kukula kwa apulo wapakatikati, amawaika mu nkhungu zapadera. Ikani zipatsozo kuti mikwingwirima yonse ikhale yowongoka. Kusamalira kwina sikusiyana ndi masiku onse. Muyenera kungotulutsa mafomuwo nthawi zonse ndikuphimba ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mitengoyi ikakula ndipo siyikwanira m'nyumba, mitunduyo imatha kuchotsedwa ndipo mavwende amatha kuwunika ngati akupsa.
Mbeu za mavwende zimamera pakatha sabata limodzi ndi theka mutaziika pamalo abwino. Kuonjezera kumera kwa mbewu, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyiyika m'madzi otentha mpaka madigiri 50 kwa mphindi 10-15.
Mbande zisanatuluke, zidebe zimasungidwa kutentha, ndikuwoneka mbande, pita pamalo ozizira pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya sikupitilira 17 madigiri.
Maonekedwe a tsamba lachisanu lathunthu limakhala ngati mbendera yodzala mbande pamalo otseguka.
Kupanga mawonekedwe apakati ndi manja anu
Zipangizo zingapo zimafunikira kuti apange matumba.
- Mapepala olimba owonekera, 0,5 - 0.8 mm wakuda (pulasitiki, polycarbonate kapena galasi).
- Zomangira ndi mtedza ndi ngodya zomangira makoma.
- Zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito mipando yosunthira.
- Hacksaw kapena jigsaw.
- Ma drill, ma screwdriver, olamulira ndi zolembera.
Zida ndi zida zonse zikakonzedwa, mutha kuyamba ntchito yosonkhanitsa nkhungu zamatope.
- Dulani mabwalo 20x20 cm kuchokera pamapepala owonekera.
- Khazikitsani zomata ndi zomangira, ndikupanga lalikulu.
- Kumbali imodzi, pangani dzenje la mpesa.
- Konzani gawo lakumtunda (chivundikiro) kumakono a mipando.
Fomu yomalizidwa imakhala yodalirika komanso yolimba ndipo imatha kupirira kuwonongeka kwa mabulosi omwe akukula, ndikuwakakamiza kuti apange mawonekedwe omwe angafune.
Kukolola ndi kusunga
Mavwende ayenera kuchotsedwa pa mpesa pa gawo loyamba la kucha., chifukwa zipatso zopsa kwathunthu sizimapangidwira kuti zisungidwe kwanthawi yayitali. Zipatso zosapsa sizisungidwenso, chifukwa sizingathe kupsa mukakolola.
Mutha kudziwa kukula kwa mavwende ndi mtundu wa pinki wamkati ndi mbeuyo. HPali njira zingapo zodziwira kukula kwa mavwende "pamtengo".
- ndi khungu - ikakhwima, imanyezimira, ndikupeza gloss;
- peel mphamvu - ngati nthiti ya chivwende ndi yolimba ndipo sichitha kukanikizidwa ndi chala, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti mabulosi amizeremizere akupsa;
- ndi phesi, yomwe imafota zipatsozo zitapsa ndikuwonetsa kuti chivwende chapeza zakudya zonse zofunika;
- pa bedsore - amapangidwa pomwe mabulosi amakumana ndi nthaka ndipo amakhala ndi chikasu;
- ndi mawu - pogogoda, mavwende akucha amatulutsa mawu osamveka bwino.
Mavwende akuchedwa kutha ndi khungu lakuda komanso kusakhala ndi chibadwa kuwonongeka ndi oyenera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Zipatso zotere zimachotsedwa pampesa ndi pruner kapena mpeni, kusiya phesi osachepera 5 cm.
Mavwende okha ndi omwe amaikidwa m'malo osungira, osawonongeka ndi makina. Zipatso ziyenera kukhala zokhazikika pamiyala ndi zofunda zofewa. Mukamasunga, muyenera kuyendera mavwende nthawi zonse ndikuchotsa zowonongera.
Mavwende apakati amathanso kusungidwa m'matope. Nthawi yomweyo, gawo lililonse liyenera kulumikizidwa ndi udzu kapena shavati, ndipo nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa pamwamba, osachepera 35 cm.
Ndi njira iliyonse yosungira, mavwende sayenera kutenthedwa - izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa zamkati, kusowa kwa kukoma ndi kuwonongeka kwa chipatso.
Kodi chivwende chazitali chimalipira ndalama zingati?
Kukula mavwende ndi manja anu ndizovuta, koma zopindulitsa. Kodi mabulosi amodzi amawononga ndalama zingati? Mtengo wa chipatso chimodzi pamsika nthawi zambiri umafika ma ruble zikwi makumi awiri. Koma si masitolo onse aku Russia omwe ali okonzeka kugulitsa izi. Kupatula apo, amakhala otsika kwambiri kuposa kukoma kwa zipatso zabwino ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gulu pagulu ndi zikondwerero.