Mbatata yakhala ikuwoneka ngati mbewu yotchuka kwambiri ku Russia. Ganizirani m'nkhaniyi mitundu yomwe ndi yabwino kusankha kuti ipeze zokolola zabwino kwambiri.
Mndandanda wa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mbatata potengera zilembo
Pali pafupifupi Magulu 280 mbatata zomwe zingalimidwe m'malo osiyanasiyana nyengo. Mitundu yambiri yapeza kutchuka pakupanga mafakitale, ina yakondana ndi okhalamo nthawi yachilimwe kudzala pamalowo. Tiyeni tione mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri m'ndandanda yazing'ono.
Idaho
Ubwino wake waukulu ndi waukulu, ngakhale zipatso.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- mitundu yoyamba kucha;
- zokolola - 500 c / ha;
- yotchuka kwambiri pophika m'malesitilanti;
- kukaniza kwambiri matenda;
- lili ndi mkulu wowuma mpaka 17%.
Kubzala kumachitika koyambirira kwa masika, pomwe chisanu chadutsa kale, ndipo kutentha kumafika madigiri 8.
Bela Rosa
Bela Rosa ndiwodziwika kwambiri m'magawo amayiko a CIS.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- kukhwima koyambirira, kumwera kumatha kukolola kangapo nyengo;
- ndi kuthirira koyenera ndi kudyetsa, zokolola zambiri - 350 c / ha;
- Msuzi waukulu woboola pakati (pafupifupi 200-500gr zipatso).
Muyenera kudziwa kuti imakula moipa pansi osadya. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti timere pambuyo pa nyemba.
Chofiira Chofiira
Mitundu yaku Dutch siyotsika pamakhalidwe ake ngakhale ku Belarusi. Amadziwika ndi mizu yapakatikati yokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika m'malesitilanti.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- chitsamba ndi choperewera, chimamasula ndi maluwa a lilac;
- zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi matenda: phytosphorosis ndi nkhanambo;
- chipatso chimafanana ndi oval chowulungika;
- peel ndi yofiira ndi pinki yofiirira;
- zamkati zonona;
- amalekerera kutentha bwino;
- kulemera kwa mwana wosabadwayo ndi kuchokera magalamu 70-200;
- pa chitsamba chimodzi mpaka 15 tubers.
Rosara
Rosara ndi wa kukhwima koyambirira pasanathe masiku 70... Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale atsopano komanso amakono pokonza zopangira zowuma.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- zamkati zimakhala ndi utoto wachikaso;
- pafupifupi, mwana wosabadwayo akulemera pafupifupi 70-130g;
- mawonekedwe a chipatsocho ndi chowulungika, otambasuka pang'ono;
- imagwira mawonekedwe ake bwino chifukwa chotsika kwambiri kwa wowuma;
- Zotuluka 500 c / ha.
Picasso
Amatanthauza mochedwa mitundu ya mbatata. Amakhwima kwathunthu pambuyo pake Masiku 110-130 pambuyo kumera.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- zokolola zambiri, kuchokera pa hekitala imodzi zitha kupezeka mpaka matani 20 mbatata;
- mtundu wa tubers ndi pinki-wachikasu;
- kulemera kwa chipatso chimodzi kumasintha kuchokera 100-150 gr;
- zamkati za hue loyera-wachikaso;
- kukoma kumakhala kodabwitsa;
- sachedwa matenda - mochedwa choipitsa;
- amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali.
Kubzala chomeracho kumachitika nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe kulibe chisanu, koma nthaka imakhala yonyowa.
Tuleyevsky
Tuleyevsky amadziwika bwino nyengo zambiri, amabzala m'minda mwakhama.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- chipatso chimakhala chofanana, chowulungika;
- zamkati zachikasu;
- kulemera kwa fetal 100-300 gr.;
- Mukamaphika imasunga mawonekedwe ake bwino;
- ali ndi kununkhira kwabwino kwa mbatata;
- safuna kudyetsa nthawi zonse ndi feteleza.
Kubzala kumangoyamba nthaka itatha kutentha mpaka madigiri 10. Sikutanthauza kuthirira. Minus ndi wake sungasungidwe kwa nthawi yayitalipamene ukuyamba kuzirala.
Gala
Mitundu ya mbatata yoyambirira kucha yaku Germany Gala ili nayo kukoma kwabwino ndipo amadziwika ndi zomwe zili ndi wowuma wambiri mu chipatso.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- kuchokera 1 mutha kusonkhanitsa mpaka 400 kg mbatata;
- masamba a mizu ndi ozungulira, ochepa kukula kwake ndi khungu lachikaso;
- zamkati zimakhala zachikaso chowala;
- kulemera kwapakati pa mbatata 60-130gr;
- sachedwa parasha infestation.
Imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwamagawo abwino kwambiri a haibridi.
Amapsa pasanathe masiku 75, munthawi imeneyi mbatata zitha kukololedwa. Muyenera kubzala mbatata kutentha kwa mpweya ukangofika madigiri 10.
Dauphine
Dutch wokoma, woganiziridwa chimodzi mwazokoma kwambiri muzu mbewu za mbatata.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- kuchokera 1 amatengedwa mpaka 220 makilogalamu kukolola;
- kulemera kwa tuber kumasiyana kuyambira 150 mpaka 350 g;
- zipatso pafupifupi 20 zimatuluka pachitsamba chimodzi.
Gawani
Mitundu yoyenera kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudzilima okha mbatata.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- ali ndi kukoma kwabwino;
- amapereka zokolola zambiri mpaka 390 makilogalamu pa hekitala;
- Kulemera kwa tuber kumafika 400 g;
- Mitengo ya tchire ndi yayitali, yolimba mpaka 80 cm;
- yophika bwino mukamaphika;
- Kulimbana ndi matenda monga powdery mildew ndi bowa.
Nevsky
Pali mitundu ingapo ya Nevsky munthawi yakupsa. Amawerengedwa kuti ndiabwino, amakula bwino mulimonse momwe zingakhalire.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- Zotuluka mpaka makilogalamu 350 kuchokera zana;
- chodzala, muyenera kusankha osamera tubers, mutatha kumera, pitani iwo omwe ali ndi mphukira zazifupi;
- tubers zokhala ndi mafunde ataliatali sizilandiridwa kubzala;
- amatanthauza kumapeto kwa nthawi;
- kucha kumachitika masiku 75-90;
- chowulungika, ndi khungu lowala lachikaso ndi mnofu woterera;
- kondani kutentha, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala pamene chisanu chatha.
Latona
Amawonedwa ngati chipinda chodyera msanga.
Patsiku la 45, mutha kale kupeza zokolola zoyamba, koma nthawi yonse yokolola ndiyo Tsiku 70-75.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- pachitsamba chilichonse mutha kusonkhanitsa 2 makilogalamu zipatso;
- kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo, kulekerera mayendedwe bwino;
- pafupifupi kutetezedwa ndi matenda, pali kuthekera kwa kutenga matenda opatsirana mochedwa ndi matenda amtundu;
- zamkati zimakhala zachikasu;
- imafuna chisamaliro, kuthirira, zinthu zofunikira;
- amasunga bwino nthawi yachisanu.
Mwayi
Amatanthauza osankhika omwe amafuna chisamaliro chapadera... Mukatsatira malamulo onse, mutha kutolera mpaka 950 c / ha.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- kulemera kwa tuber 170 g;
- amatanthauza nyengo yapakatikati (pafupifupi masiku 90);
- Mpaka makilogalamu 15 a mbewu muzu akhoza kutenga kuchokera ku chitsamba;
- imalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino ndikukhala bwino kwanthawi yayitali.
Adretta
Ogwidwa ndi obereketsa ku Germany zaka 25 zapitazo. Mpaka pano, timakondedwa ndi ma gourmets chifukwa cha kukoma kwake.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- peelyo imakhala ndi chikasu chachikaso, pang'ono kukwiya mpaka kukhudza;
- mnofu ukhoza kukhala wachikasu wowala kapena wachikaso chakuya;
- mawonekedwe a mizu ndi ozungulira oval;
- kulemera kwapakati pa fetus 140 gr.;
- zosiyanasiyana zimatha kubzalidwa panja kumapeto kwa Epulo, zimafalitsidwa ndi tubers;
- kusasitsa kwathunthu kumachitika m'masiku 65-80;
- wololera kwambiri, kuchokera ku mahekitala 1 omwe mungapeze mpaka matani 45.
Felox
Ndi za kukhwima koyambirira, zimalolera bwino kutentha komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha.
Izi zimapezeka m'malo onse a Russia.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- muzu masamba kulemera zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera 80 mpaka 200 gr;
- tsamba limakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala a amber;
- zamkati ndi zachikasu;
- musanadzalemo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizikonza ndi sulfate yamkuwa;
- lili ndi mkulu wowuma mpaka 17%;
- kuchokera pa hekitala imodzi yokololedwa Makampani 250 mbatata;
- kubzala kumachitika koyambirira kwa Meyi.
Sprint
Mbatata zoyambirira kucha amakhala ndi kukoma kosangalatsa.
Makhalidwe apamwamba:
- chipatso chowulungika;
- khungu ndi lachikasu, zamkati ndi zonona zonunkhira;
- tuber limalemera pafupifupi 80-200 gr;
- lili ndi mkulu wowuma mpaka 17%;
- Pali kuthekera kwa matenda opatsirana mochedwa;
- Zotuluka 300 c / ha.
Palatability wa mbatata bwino ngati muli wambirimbiri wowuma. Mutha kusintha kukoma kwa chipatsocho mosamala: kuthirira, kuthira feteleza.
Mitundu ya mbatata
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata ndiyabwino osati zigawo zonse za Russia... Ngakhale ambiri amazoloŵera madera ozizira, pali mitundu yomwe ili yoyenera kwambiri ku Russia ndi Siberia.
Komanso, mbatata zimasiyana mumthunzi wa zamkati, zikhalidwe za kulawa, nthawi yakucha. Kutengera izi, amatha kusankhidwa motere:
Gulu la mitundu mwa kukula
Malo | Mayina osiyanasiyana |
Kwa Russia wapakati | Nevsky, Felox, Sprint, Latona, Red Scarlet, Picasso |
Kudera la Moscow | Tuleyevsky, Gala, Nevsky, Mwayi, Sprint, Pai, Dauphine, Idaho, Bela Rosa, Rosara |
Za Siberia | Adretta, Mwayi, Wofiira, Tuleevsky, Nevsky |
Mitundu ndi zokolola
Mbatata zofiira ndi thupi lachikasu | Bela Rosa, Red Scarlet, Rosara |
Mitundu yotayirira | Idaho, Pye |
Kulekerera kwambiri | Rosara, Adretta, Mwayi |
Mbatata ya pinki | Picasso |
Mbatata yachikasu | Idaho, Tuleyevsky, Gala, Sprint, Felox |
Gulu lokolola
Pakatikati molawirira | Masiku 50-60 | Idaho, Bela Rosa, Rosara, Red Scarlet |
Pakati pa nyengo | Masiku 80-95 | Latona, Mwayi |
Pakati mochedwa | Masiku 95-100 | Atlant, Nevsky |
Chakumapeto | Miyezi 4 | Picasso |
Mitundu yonse ya mbatata yomwe ili pamwambayi ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso kukoma. Ambiri amakhala osagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndipo amabereka kwambiri.