Anyezi ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe palibe banja lomwe lingachite popanda. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, wamkulu aliyense ku Russia amadya pafupifupi 7 kg ya anyezi mchaka. Kwa wokhalamo nthawi yachilimwe, kubzala anyezi pamutu sikovuta, koma kwa oyamba kumene ndikofunikira kuphunzira ukadaulo wobzala.
Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingabzalidwe nyengo yozizira ndipo imatha kubzalidwa m'nyumba yanyumba m'chigawo cha Moscow, dera la Leningrad ndi Belarus, tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi kubzala uta pamutu kumatanthauza chiyani?
Anyezi ndi chikhalidwe cha zaka ziwiri. Kuti mupeze mutu waukulu, womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera maphunziro oyamba, achiwiri ndikuwonjezeranso saladi, muyenera kukhala nawo. Mutha kubzala mbeu iyi mmera, koma si mitundu yonse yomwe ili yoyenera kutero.
Yokwanira kukula kuchokera ku mbewu mitundu:
- Zojambula.
- 301.
- Odintsovets.
- Siberia wapachaka.
- Strigunovsky.
Ganizirani njira yachikhalidwe - kufesa anyezi kumakhala pamutu.
Komwe mungapeze mababu a sevka kubzala kutchire
Pali njira ziwiri. Choyamba, chosavuta kwambiri ndi kugula akonzedwa m'sitolo yamaluwa, mumsika kapena mumasitolo ogulitsa pa intaneti. Chachiwiri ndikubzala ndi kukula sevok wekha kuchokera nigella.
Mbeu za anyezi zimatchedwa nigella. M'nyengo yotentha, mababu ang'onoang'ono amakula kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zidabzalidwa nthawi yophukira kapena masika. Kukula kwawo kumatha kukhala kosiyana - kuyambira 8 mm mpaka 30 mm.
Pamitu yayikulu, kukula kwa seti ndikofunikira. Mulingo woyenera kukula kwa kubzala masika Mamilimita 14-21.
Ubwino:
- sakuponya;
- imayamba mizu mosavuta;
- pakutha pa Julayi imapatsa mitu ikuluikulu ya anyezi.
Sevok safunika kungokula, komanso kusungidwa bwino nthawi yachisanu. Zinthu zokwanira kusungira: chinyezi 70%, kutentha madigiri 15.
Muyenera kugula maseti mchaka. Unikani zowoneka ndikumverera ndi manja anu. Mababu ayenera kukhala owuma, olimba mtima, opanda kuwonongeka kwa makina ndi kuvunda. Mbeu yabwino imakhala ndi fungo labwino la anyezi.
Zizindikiro wosakwanira sevka:
- Wonyowa.
- Ndikununkhiza ngati nkhungu.
- Pali mizu yoyera.
- Zipatso zobiriwira zinaswa.
- Mababu azithunzi zazikulu kuyambira zazing'ono kwambiri (8-14 mm) mpaka zazikulu (30 mm).
Ubwino ndi zovuta za njirayo
Mukamamera mbande, mutha kupeza mitu yazakudya chaka chachiwiri chokha... Koma nthawi yomweyo, ndikosavuta kusankha mbewu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe mumakonda ndikupeza mbeu zanu zabwino.
Mbeu zabwino zomwe zimaperekedwa m'masitolo apadera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavomerezeka ndipo kusankha mitundu nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa.
Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu m'masitolo ochezera pa intaneti kumakhala kolemera, koma kuti mulandire mbewu munthawi yake, muyenera kupanga dongosolo panthawi.
Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingabzalidwe
Centurion F1 - wosakanizidwa woyambirira, wosagonjetsedwa ndi kuwombera. Amapanga mababu otalika pang'ono okutidwa ndi mankhusu achikaso. Kusunga khalidwe ndibwino. Zokolola m'munda ndizokhazikika, zokwera.
Stuttgarten adawuka - nyengo yapakatikati yazipatso zosiyanasiyana zosankha ku Germany. Kuchokera 1 sq. m mutha kukwera mpaka 5 kg ya mababu akulu okongola, ozungulira, osalala pang'ono. Avereji ya kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 150 g, mitundu yayikulu imatha kulemera 200-250 g. Mtundu wa mankhusu ndi wachikaso wagolide, zamkati ndi zoyera. Zamkati ndi zokometsera pang'ono, zowutsa mudyo. Nthawi yakuchepa kwamsika ndi masiku 95. Kusunga kwa mitu ya Stuttgarten Riesen ndibwino.
Baron wofiira - oyambirira, ofiira osiyanasiyana. Nthawi yobzala m'munda ndi masiku 90 (95). Kukonzekera - 3 kg / m². Kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikwabwino. Mankhusu ndi zamkati ndi zofiira. Zosiyanasiyana ndikulimbana ndi kuwombera. Mitunduyi imakhala yotchuka chifukwa chokhala ndi alumali m'nyengo yozizira, kukoma kwake kosakhazikika.
Momwe mungakonzekerere malo obzala masika
Pakugwa, mutha kuyamba kukonzekera malowa kuti mubzale pabwalo lotseguka. Madera omwe nkhaka, tomato, kabichi adalima chilimwe ndizoyenera. Amakonda kulemera kwa michere chernozem kapena loamy dothi lokhala ndi acidity wamba.
Kukonzekera bwino mabedi
Kupambana kwa zokolola kumadalira nthaka yomwe anyezi amayenera kufesedwa. M'nyengo yotentha, yatha, chonde chake chitha kubwezeretsedwanso ndi chithandizo chamafuta ndi feteleza. Monga organic, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kompositi yokonzedwa ndi inu nokha, kapena humus.
Feteleza amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka yolemera chaka chilichonse. Kufunafuna kuchuluka kwa nthaka.
Mitengo ya feteleza yophukira pa 1 sq. m lokwera:
- 0.5 zidebe za humus (kompositi);
- 30 ga superphosphate;
- 15 g wa potaziyamu mankhwala enaake.
Ndikukumba pa fosholo yafosholo... Osang'amba ziboda. Chithandizo choterechi ndikupewa tizirombo ndi matenda. Nthaka idzauma kwambiri. Mphutsi zochepa zimapulumuka mpaka masika. Chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, chinyezi chimakhalabe m'nthaka nthawi yayitali.
M'chaka, falitsa ammonium nitrate pamwamba pa phiri ndikutsitsa nthaka, kenako ndikuvutitsa. Mchere wa saltpeter pa sq. mamita - 20 g.
Kukonzekera mbewu
Mu April, mwezi umodzi asanadzalemo anyezi pitani uko... Gawani tizigawo ting'onoting'ono. Mababu ang'onoang'ono amabzalidwa kale. Choyika chachikulu kwambiri cha anyezi ndichaposachedwa kwambiri kuti muchepetse mwayi wokhala ndi mivi.
Asanadzale, nyembazo ziyenera kukonzedwa - nyemba... Koma koyamba kumatenthedwa kwa milungu 2-3. Mutha kuwotha padzuwa poyika bokosi la anyezi pawindo, kapena pafupi ndi radiator yotentha.
Pokonza, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito phytosporin.
Konzani mankhwala amadzimadzi musanadzale. Madzi ayenera kukhala kutentha. Sakanizani nyemba zosankhidwazo ndikuzigwira kwa mphindi 15. Yanikani nyemba pang'ono ndikuyamba kubzala.
Mtunda ndi kuya kwake kubzala
Njira yolowera mutu ndiyosavuta. Pamtunda wokonzeka, pangani ma grooves atalikirana wina ndi mnzake pofika 20 cm... Thirirani mizereyo ndi madzi, onjezerani pang'ono phulusa losefedwa.
Konzani mababu mu grooves a. Tsatirani chiwembu:
- Mukamabzala mababu akulu, mtunda 10 cm.
- Avereji - 8 cm.
- Zing'onozing'ono - 6 masentimita.
Phimbani mababu ndi wosanjikiza wa nthaka kapena humus. Gulu makulidwe mwakuya osapitirira 2 cm... Mbande zidzawoneka patapita nthawi pang'ono pamene anyezi atakhazikika.
Zimatengera pang'ono kuti mutenge mitu yayikulu. Sankhani mitundu yoyenera, konzani nthaka yobzala. Posankha malo, onaninso kasinthidwe ka mbeu. Kutsatira malamulo osavutawa, ngakhale wolima dimba kumene sangakhale wopanda mbewu.