Cherry ndiye chikhalidwe chachikhalidwe kwambiri m'minda yaku Russia. Pali mitundu yambiri ya izo - zakale, zosankha, komanso zamakono. Nthawi zisa zabwino komanso minda yamphesa ya Chekhov zatha. Pazing'ono, monga lamulo, malo, wolima dimba wamakono ayenera kuyesa mitengo ina yazipatso. Ndipo komabe pali njira yopezera gulu lonse la mitundu ya chitumbuwa - kumtengowo.
Ankalumikiza amatanthauza vegetative kafalitsidwe wa zomera. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kungathandize ngati:
- zosiyanasiyana zakale sizikugwirizana, ndipo ndikufuna kuibweza popanda kuwononga nthawi ndikukula kuchokera mmera;
- adagwira zosiyanasiyana zosabereka - anabzala maluwa a chitumbuwa, koma samaika zipatso;
- ena mtengo m'mundamo udathyoledwakoma muzu wamoyo unatsalira;
- Ndikufuna kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma dera la webusaitiyi ndi laling'ono kwambiri.
Mungabzala chiyani yamatcheri
Ngakhale alimi oyamba kumene azipatso adamva mawu oti "scion" ndi "chitsa". Katunduyo ndi chomera, omwe akupatsidwa katemera. Kumtengapo - phesi kapena mphukira yazomera yolumikizidwa kumtengowo.
Njirayi imayamba nthawi zonse posankha chitsa... Ndi pa iye kuti sikuti zipatso zokha pamtengo zimadalira, komanso kukula ndi kukoma kwa zipatso. Chinthu choyamba kulabadira ndikugwirizana kwa mbewu. Lamulo losavuta limagwira apa: kuyandikira kwa ubale, kumawoneka bwino.
Cherry ikugwirizana ndi mizu yambiri
Chitsa | Ngakhale digiri | Mawonekedwe: |
---|---|---|
Cherry wamtchire | Kwambiri kwambiri | Imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zazitsulo. Sikovuta kupeza mmera wa chitumbuwa chamtchire, ndipo chiwopsezo chokana scion ndichochepa. Chomeracho chimayamba kulimba komanso kusinthasintha nyengo chifukwa chazomera, koma chimatha kukulitsa mizu. |
Kulima chitumbuwa | Kwambiri kwambiri | Njira yabwino kwambiri yolima mitundu ingapo pa thunthu limodzi. Koma pakadali pano, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti masiku omwe maluwawo akugwirizana. |
Mbalame yamatcheri | Pamwamba | Pa chitsa cha mbalame chitumbuwa, scion nthawi zambiri imazika mizu bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito kotereku kumathandiza makamaka kumadera akumpoto: mbalame yamatcheri imapatsa chisanu chisanu ndi matenda. |
maula | Pamwamba | Monga chitsa, ndibwino kutenga mbande zamtchire, koma mutha kubzala yamatcheri pamitundu yambiri yomwe ikukula m'munda. |
Kutembenuka | Zabwino | Zabwino kwambiri, koma zochepa zovuta zamatcheri. Mitsempha imatulutsa mizu yambiri, ndipo ndizovuta kuthana nayo. |
Cherry maula | Zabwino | Chitsa cha chilengedwe chonse cha zipatso zamwala. Zabwino kupirira kwake kwapadera. |
Olima zipatso ena oyesera amayesa okha ngati Michurin ndikuyesera kubzala yamatcheri pa apulo kapena peyala. Inde, zomera za yemweyo botanical banja - Pinki. Komabe, ubale pakati pawo ndi "msuweni". Mitengo ya Apple ndi mapeyala - kuchokera ku banja la Apple (yotchedwa "mbewu"), ndi yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri - kuchokera Plum subfamily ("Zipatso zamwala"). Chifukwa chake, kumuika koteroko sikudzabweretsa chipambano.
Cherry, monga zipatso zina zamwala, sizimera bwino pamitengo yosatha. Katemera amapambana kwambiri pa mitengo ing'onoing'ono kapena nthambi.
Katemera mu nthawi yamaluwa kapena yotentha?
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yochitira opareshoni imalamulidwa ndi physiology yazomera... Ndi bwino kuti osadziwa zambiri "transplantologists" asankhe nthawi isanayambike kuyamwa - koyambirira kwamasika. Izi ndichifukwa chazithunzi zochepa: ngati mwachedwa pang'ono, msuzi wazidutswazo uzisungunuka, zomwe zingalepheretse cuttings kapena masambawo kuti atengepo gawo.
Mutha kudzala zipatso zamatcheri pambuyo pake. Ankalumikiza ndi zobiriwira cuttings m'chilimwe ndithu bwino anachita.... Komabe, choyambirira, ziyenera kuchitidwa mwachangu kwambiri komanso molondola kuti zisawonongeke kupanga kanema wa oxide. Zimatengera kuwongolera kwa manja ndi luso. Kachiwiri, ndikofunikira kusankha nyengo yoyenera osachedwetsa njira mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Kumene mungapeze cuttings kwa Ankalumikiza
Nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti mukolole zipatso za chitumbuwa kugwa, masamba atagwa, chisanu chisanadze. Komabe, kuwasunga mpaka masika ndi ntchito yovuta kwa wamaluwa oyamba kumene. Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti nthambi zimakhalabe zosalala, koma sizivunda; sanazizire, koma sanagalamuke pasadakhale... Kuti mudzipulumutse ku nkhawa izi, pali njira ziwiri: gulani zinthu zokulumikizirani m'munda wam'munda kapena muzidule nokha mchaka.
Malo odyetserako ana amakhala ndi zipinda zapadera momwe zidulira zimasungidwa kutentha ndi chinyezi. Musanagwire, muyenera kungotsitsimutsa magawowa. Njira yosungira ndalama: gulani phesi limodzi ndikuchotsapo maso angapo.
Mutha kudzidula nokha pokambirana ndi oyandikana nawo kapena abale. Podziwa kuti wamaluwa ambiri adalumikizidwa ndi zodula mwatsopano nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino kwambiri kuposa "kugwa", ngakhale zitasungidwa m'malo abwino.
Mu April, cuttings a chitumbuwa amakololedwa motere:
- Onaninso chomera cha mayi ndikusankha mphukira yabwino ya kukula kwa chaka chathandipo. Kusiyanitsa ndikosavuta: makungwa ake ndi ofiira, owonda, owala komanso owala.
- Fufuzani ku mphukira inali ndi masamba okhaokha (osongoka)... Chowonadi ndichakuti yamatcheri nthawi zambiri amabala zipatso makamaka pazotumphuka za chaka chatha, kotero maluwa (ozungulira) amatha kuyikidwapo.
- Dulani mphukira ndi kudulira, chotsani mphukira ya apical ndikudula "mapensulo" kutalika kwa 25-30 cm. Kudula kulikonse kumayenera kukhala ndi masamba 3-4.
Zokolola zimatha kukulunga ndi yopyapyala yonyowa kuti ma cuttings asamaume.
Chidule cha njira zazikulu zolumikizira yamatcheri
"Madokotala ochita opaleshoni" apanga njira zosiyanasiyana zodzitemera. Chosavuta komanso chosavuta kwa oyamba kumene - kuphukira, kusanganikirana kosavuta ndikumalumikiza kumtengo.
Cherry budding: njira
Chofunika cha njirayi ndikusamutsa mphukira ya chitumbuwa pamtengo. Poterepa, zinthu zolembedwazo zimatchedwa "diso". Pochita opaleshoniyi, mufunika mpeni wakuthwa bwino kwambiri (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wachipembedzo, koma ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi chojambula pamaso) ndi tepi ya PVC. Ndi bwino kudula maso musanachitike..
- Mphukira yabwino imasankhidwa pa chogwirira... Iyenera kudulidwa limodzi ndi gawo lina la makungwa (chishango). Kutalika kwa chishango kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 2. Zinthu zolumikizidwa zimayikidwa pa nsalu yoyera yonyowa kuti zomwe zidulazo zisaume.
- Pa gawo losankhidwa la chitsa katemera wopangidwa ndi T amapangidwa ndi mpeni pa khungwa.
- Chombocho chimagundika pang'onopang'ono chimbudzi chimalowetsedwa ndikudina mwamphamvu ndi ziphuphu zakumwamba kotero kuti impso zokhazokha zimayang'ana kunja.
- Kapangidwe kokulungidwa kumbuyo kwa tepiyo kuti khungwalo lisasweke likachotsedwa.
Alimi ena, powopa kuti kasupe amafalikira, amapangira wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera m'matumba apulasitiki ozungulira kumtengowo. Apa muyenera kuyeza zonse bwino. Kuopsa koti "kuphika" katemera wanu pansi pa dzuwa likhoza kukhala lokulirapo kuposa kuziziritsa.
Kuteteza ndi njira yovutira kwambiri ya katemera. Ngakhale china chake chikasokonekera ndipo kabowo sikazika mizu, chomeracho chimachiritsa bala laling'ono.
Kukhadzikitsanso
Njirayi siyosavuta komanso imaperekanso mwayi wopulumuka. Malinga ndi zomwe oyang'anira minda awona, pamatanthwe khumi aliwonse omwe ali pakhomopo, asanu ndi anayi amatengedwa.
Mosiyana ndi budding, apa phesi lonse limangokhala kumtengowo. Mwa zida zomwe mukufuna kudulira mitsitsi kapena macheka a kumunda, mpeni wakuthwa woyera (kugwirana bwino, koma mutha kuchita ndi wamba), tepe tepi ndi var var.
- Kudula kukukonzedwa ndi 3-4 impso zabwino. Kumapeto kwake kumadulidwa ndi mpeni kuti ukhale pakati pawiri. Kutalika kwa kudula kumayenera kukhala katatu kukula kwa mphukira. Chogwirira chikukulungidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza, yoyera.
- Ngati chitsa chachikulu chili chachikulu, kudula komwe kumapangidwa mpaka kutalika komwe ukufunidwa... Ngati scion ndi chitsa chake zili pafupifupi makulidwe ofanana, pruner imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Mpeni umayikidwa motsatira mzere wa m'mimba mwake mwa machekawo, ndipo katemera amatambasulidwa mozama masentimita atatu kapena anayi... Pofuna kupewa kugawanika kutseka, mutha kuyikapo chikhomo chakanthawi.
- Phesi limadulidwa kugawanika kwathunthu... Ngati katunduyo ndi wochuluka, kudula kumayenera kuikidwa m'mphepete mwake kuti khungwa lifanane ndi khungwa, komanso cambium ndi cambium. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutha kuyambitsa ma scion awiri nthawi imodzi pagawo limodzi - kuchokera mbali ziwiri.
- Katunduyo ndi wokutidwa mwamphamvu mozungulira ndi mbali yotsalira ya tepi yamagetsi... Ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali scion yonse komanso zotupa.
- Gawo lomaliza la kugawanika limakutidwa ndi varnish wam'munda... Nsonga za cuttings nazonso kukonzedwa.
Masiku ano, ma wax ndi ma mastics apadera amapezeka m'malo ogulitsira mbewu. Amakhala ndi ma phytohormones, omwe amalimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa msanga, komanso fungicides kuteteza katemera ku bowa.
Kuphatikizana kosavuta
Njirayi ndiyabwino pomwe kukula kwa chitsa ndi scion zikufanana. Pogwira ntchito, mufunika kudulira, mpeni wopopera kapena wamba, tepi yamagetsi ndi chida chothandizira kukonza ngodya. Zomalizazi zitha kuchitika mosavuta pamanja. Chitsulo chaching'ono kapena pulasitiki chimadulidwa pang'onopang'ono (pafupifupi 30 () - ndipo mwatha. Katemera amachitidwa molingana ndi chiwembu:
- Chogwiriracho chimalowetsedwa mu chubu kotero kuti kumapeto kwake kumayang'ana pang'ono.
- Ndi mpeni kudulidwa kumapangidwa chimodzimodzi m'mbali mwa chubu.
- Katunduyo amafupikitsidwa ndi pruner mpaka kutalika komwe angafune... Thupi limayikidwa pamenepo ndikucheka chimodzimodzi.
- Phesi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo ndi kudula mpaka kudula... Nsalu zonse ziyenera kufanana bwino.
- Kugwirizana kuli kolimba wokutidwa ndi tepi yamagetsi.
Kuphatikizana kosavuta ndikwabwino pazosavuta komanso kupulumuka kwabwino. Koma ili ndi zovuta: mphamvu zosakwanira mpaka kusakanikirana. Cherry ali ndi matabwa osalimba, ndipo kulimba kwa mgwirizano ndi masheya ndikofunikira kwambiri mukalumikiza... Mwanjira imeneyi, njira yomwe ikuphukira ndiyodalirika kwambiri.
Mukalumikiza kumtengo wa korona wamtengo, muyenera kusankha malo oyandikira kotsogolera pakati. Izi zipatsa scion chakudya chokwanira ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuphwanya mphukira.
Kaya katemerayu adachita bwino kapena ayi zimawoneka patatha sabata limodzi kapena awiri. Ngati masamba ayamba kukula, ndiye kuti zinthuzo zimazika mizu mwachizolowezi.... Simusowa kuchotsa tepi. M'chaka chikubwerachi, kukwera kwa callus kudzakhazikika pamalo ophatikizira - kukulira kofanana ndi chimanga. Masika wotsatira kuthekera kuchotsa zotsalira za tepi ndikudikirira zokolola.
Kukhomerera Cherry ndichinthu chosangalatsa, mofanana ndi kuyesa kwasayansi. Zimapatsa malo ambiri zaluso ndipo ngakhale wolima minda woyambira amatha kutero.