Peyala ndi zipatso zonunkhira ndi zamkati zokoma zokoma. Munda uliwonse suli wangwiro popanda mtengo wa peyala.
Zipatso zimadyedwa mwatsopano, ndipo zimakonzeranso ma compote, kupanikizana, confitures ndikupanga madzi. Ubwino wa chipatso ndikuti imakhala ndi nthawi yayitali.
Mlimi aliyense amayesetsa kuti akolole bwino. Koma zimachitika kuti zipatso zimayamba kuvunda zisanakhale ndi nthawi yakupsa pamtengo... Kodi zifukwa ndi momwe mungasungire zipatsozo?
Nchifukwa chiyani mapeyala amavunda ndi kuthyola nthambi za mitengo?
Aliyense anazindikira mapeyala ovunda pamtengowo, mitundu yakale yoswana imakonda kutengeka ndi izi. Popeza kuti makolo awo amagwirizana kwambiri ndi peyala yakutchire.
Zipatso zowola ndi matenda omwe amawononga mbewu. Mukawona kachidutswa kakang'ono pa peyala kamakula pakapita nthawi, uku ndi kuvunda. Amatha kuphimba zipatso zonse ndikututa mwachangu mokwanira.
Zimachitika kuti pamangokhala ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono pakhungu, ndipo mkati mwake mnofu wonse ndi wabulauni komanso wofewa kwambiri... Izi zikunena za kubisala kwa bowa, komwe kuli kokonzeka kuwononga osati mawonekedwe okha, komanso kukoma.
Zipatso zowola pa mitengo ya apulo ndi peyala:
Kutsekemera kwa bowa kumapezeka pa zipatso zomwe zili ndi kachilombo, zomwe zimapangidwira. Amanyamulidwa ndi mphepo, mvula ndi tizilombo.
Zotsatira zake, zipatso zotsalazo zili ndi kachilombo konse. Peyala yovunda imayamba ndi mchira ndipo pakacha kwathunthu chipatso chimatha kuvunda kwathunthu.
Vutoli liyenera kuthetsedwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndikuyenera kuchotsa mtengo wakale.
Palinso njira ina sungani zokolola. Kololani mapeyala osapsa. Mapeyala akulu ndi olimba obiriwira amayalidwa mumthunzi, ndipo patatha masiku angapo mutha kusangalala ndi zipatso zonunkhira, zotsekemera.
Ponena za mitundu yatsopano yamasankhidwe atsopano, imapsa pamtengo. Kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali pamalo ozizira. Bowa chimakhala chifukwa chowola.
Matendawa amatchedwa moniliosis. Zimakhudza mwana wosabadwayo. Sizimakhudza khungwa la mtengo, limagwira ngati chonyamulira matenda.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa kumafunika nthawi yomweyo. Zokolola zodzaza ndi mapeyala kutali ndi anthu athanzi. Zipatso zomwe zili ndi moniliosis siziyenera kuikidwa pansi kapena kusungidwa mu dzenje la manyowa.
Chifukwa chiyani? Izi ndichifukwa choti Mafangasi a fungal amalekerera kuzizira bwino, kuti athe kugwa pamitengo ina masika. Kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu kumawopseza ndikusowa kwa zokolola.
Moniliosis pamitengo yazipatso:
Kodi zipatso zowola zimachokera kuti pamitengo?
Bowa la Moniliosis limatha kulowa mluza kudzera mu zotupa pakhungu. Ndikosavuta kuwononga mwana wosabadwayo. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi tizilombo, matalala, mvula, mphepo.
Matenda ndi kotheka chifukwa cholumikizana kwambiri ndi mwana wosabadwa yemwe ali ndi bowa. Kuyambira chaka chatha, zipatso zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka zimapitilira kupachika, zomwe zimafalitsa kachilomboka ku mbeu yatsopano.
Korona wamtengo amathanso kufalitsa matendawaChoncho, masamba onse okhudzidwa, nthambi, zipatso ziyenera kuchotsedwa panthawi yodulira ukhondo.
Zipatso zodwala zomwe sizinakololedwe kukolola kudima, kuuma, ndi kuuma kwachilengedwe kumachitika. Ndibwino kuti mudule zipatsozi limodzi ndi nthambi.pomwe amapachikika.
Bowa limatha kukhala pakhungwa la mtengo kwa nthawi yayitali, popita nthawi malo awa amada. choncho nthambi zodwala zimadulidwa ndi kutola nkhuni zathanzi ndi masentimita makumi. Mphukira zonse zouma zimadulidwa kumalo ndi nkhuni zathanzi.
Matendawa amafalikira ndi timbewu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsidwa ndi mphepo komanso tizilombo tomwe timakonda kudya zipatso zamtunduwu. Zinthu zabwino pakukula kwa moniliosis ndikutentha komanso chinyezi.
Kwenikweni, mitengo yokhala ndi zisoti zolimba imadwala zipatso zowola. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupewe kuyambika kwa matendawa, dulani nthambi zofooka nthawi zonse.
Zizindikiro za zipatso zowola pamitengo:
- Zizindikiro za mafangayi zimatha kuwonekera kumayambiriro kwa masika.
- Matendawa amathanso kupezeka panthawi yakupsa zipatso. Popeza panthawiyi khungu limakhala lofewa, ndipo ma fungus spores amatha kulowa mmenemo. Zotsatira zake, nkhungu imayamba kukula, yomwe imafalikira ku zipatso zonse.
- Pamalo opatsirana, kupindika kwa bowa kumachitika; mawonekedwe ake ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira okhala ndi mabanga ang'onoang'ono opepuka ngati mabwalo. Mafangayi amafalikira mwachangu, osakhudza khungu kokha, komanso zamkati.
- Matendawa samachitika pokhapokha atanyamulidwa ndi tizilombo, komanso chifukwa chokhudzana kwambiri ndi mwana wosabadwayo.
- Zipatso zomwe zimadwala matendawa zimagwa ndi mphepo yamphamvu, koma imathirabe phesi, pakapita nthawi zimauma ndikukhalabe pamtengo. Amawumitsa, ndiye kuti, amadzipukusa ndikusintha kukhala bii ndi buluu. Bowa sachita mantha ndi kuzizira, chifukwa chake imatha kugwiranso ntchito popanda zipatso, zipatso ndi mphukira.
- Zinthu zabwino zowoneka ngati mafangayi ndi mdima, kutentha pang'ono komanso mpweya wachinyezi.
Zoyenera kuchita ngati mwana wosabadwayo akuola, momwe angachitire ndi moniliosis?
Kusamalira zokolola zamtsogolo kumayambira masika... Chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, muyenera kuyendera mtengo ndi malo omwe ali pafupi nawo. Sonkhanitsani masamba ndi nthambi zonse za chaka chatha, ndipo koposa zonse, zipatso zakugwa.
Ngati zipatso za chaka chatha zikulendewera pamtengo, ziyenera kuchotsedwab, popeza amatha kutenga kachilomboka. Amakonda korona wandiweyani komanso nthambi zouma zomwe sizimapereka zokolola.
Ngati peyala zosiyanasiyana zimatha kuvunda, onetsetsani kuti mumanyamula mtengo ndi mankhwala ngati njira yodzitetezera:
- Kukonzekera koyamba ziyenera kuchitika panthawi yotupa ya impso. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zomwe zili ndi mkuwa. Zithandizira kuteteza mtengo ku moniliosis. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a Bordeaux ngati mankhwala.
- Kukonzanso kwachiwiri Kukonzekera pambuyo pa maluwa.
- Pa zipatso chitani njirayi kangapo.
- Chithandizo chomaliza fungicidal kuti ichitike mukakolola. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito sulphate yamkuwa, yomwe imafunika kusamalidwa bwino ndi korona, thunthu la peyala ndi thunthu lozungulira.
Kutentha kwambiri Mitundu yonse ya mapeyala iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kukonzekera kupewa kufalikira kwa bowa.
Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito fungicides monga madzi a bordeaux, mkuwa oxychloride... Kukonzekera kumatha kuchitika nthawi komanso pambuyo maluwa.
Moniliosis imakhudza zipatso zokha, koma mafangayi amatha kusungidwa pamasamba, korona, nthaka. Mukangoona mapeyala owola pamtengowo, chotsani nthawi yomweyo kuchokera ku nthambi kuti matenda asafalikire kwina.
Sonkhanitsani zipatso zowola, popeza zimanyamulanso bowa.
Kupewa zipatso zowola
Kusamalira mtengo ndikofunikira chaka chonse, koma chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika:
- Kudulira mphukira zouma kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, masamba asanatupe... Dulani nthambi zakufa ndi zosweka ndi njira yofikira mbali yathanzi. Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa ndikuwononga masamba onse omwe adagwa chaka chatha otsalira panthambi.
- Sungani zipatso zonse zosungidwa, zimawononga mbewu zatsopano.
- Kupyola korona ndikofunikira kotero kuti mitengo iume msanga mvula ikagwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, mwayi wodwala ndi moniliosis mumtengo umachepa kangapo.
- Zipatso zoonda... Kuti mukolole bwino, siyani zipatso zazikulu zokha.
- Chotsani zipatso mosamala nthawi yokolola, musawononge nthambi. Yang'anani zipatso zilizonse musanasunge peyala. Mapeyala omwe ali ndi kachilombo sayenera kukhala pamtengo ndi nthaka, ayenera kuwonongedwa.
- Chithandizo cha nkhuni ndi fungicides... Pamene masamba ayamba kutupa, ndibwino kuti muzisamalira mtengowo ndi madzi a Bordeaux. Ndikofunikira kukonza osati mtengo wokha, komanso gawo la pafupi ndi thunthu. Chithandizo chiyenera kuchitika pambuyo poti maluwa akonzedwe ndi fungicidal omwe angateteze zipatso. Njirayi imabwerezedwa kangapo, zipatso zisanakhwime komanso mutakolola.
Kumbukirani kuti yake yolimbana ndi bowa adzapulumutsa zokolola... Moniliosis imakhudza zipatso ndi mbewu ndi mbewu, chifukwa chake, pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi vutoli.
Samalirani mtengowo nthawi, ndipo zikuthokozani ndi zipatso zochuluka.