Ndani sakonda mphesa zowutsa mudyo, zotsekemera, zonunkhira?! Inde, ngati akadapanda fupa! Inde, kupatula apo, ndiwodzichepetsa posamalira, kusintha mosavuta nyengo iliyonse! Uwu ndiye mtundu wa mphesa womwe wolima dimba aliyense amalota. Mitundu yosakanizidwa ya Anyuta ndi imodzi mwamitundu yokondedwa komanso yotchuka ya mphesa, chifukwa imakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za omwe akupanga vinyo ndi ogula. Malongosoledwe amitundu iyi aperekedwa pansipa.
Mbiri yakubereketsa, kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe azosiyanasiyana
Pali mitundu yambiri komanso mitundu ya mphesa yosakanizidwa, koma obereketsa samasiya kugwira ntchito popanga mitundu yatsopano ndi yatsopano, chifukwa "palibe malire ku ungwiro." Mwa kuwoloka ndi kuthira mungu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa mosakanikirana, asayansi ndi obereketsa amateur amapeza mitundu yatsopano ndimagawo omwe apatsidwa - kukana matenda, zokolola zambiri, kukoma kwambiri, zaluso ndi deta yakunja.
Mphesa za Anyuta zinabadwa chifukwa cha kuyesayesa kwa wofalitsa wotchuka wa nthawi yathu V.N. Krainova. Mitundu yopangidwa ndi iye nthawi zonse imakhala yotchuka, koma mphesa zokhala ndi dzina lachikazi lofatsa "Anyuta" zimayeneradi kukhala m'modzi mwa malo otsogola. Anatenga mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa makolo ake - kholo lamphesa lotchedwa Kishmish Radiant ndi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya Talisman (Kesha). Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi obereketsa ngati mawonekedwe a kholo omwe amapereka zokolola komanso kukana kwambiri nyengo zosavomerezeka.
Anyuta imalimidwa mdera lalikulu kwambiri - Moldova, Ukraine, madera akumwera ndi pakati a Russia. Zosiyanasiyana ndizosavuta kuzika ndikusintha nyengo.
Anyuta - nyengo yapakatikati, zokolola zimapsa kwa Masiku 140-145 kuyambira mawonekedwe a mazira ambiri, i.e. mbewu zoyamba zimatha kukololedwa koyambirira kwa mkatikati mwa Seputembala. Kutengera mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndi nyengo amderali, mawu amasinthasintha + -1-2 masabata. Zitsambazi ndizitali, mpaka kutalika kwa 3m. Iyamba kubala zipatso patatha zaka 3-4 mutabzala mbande. Zokolola zambiri komanso zokhazikika Mitundu imayenera kusamalidwa mwapadera - pa dothi lachonde panthawi yomwe yakucha zipatso, mipesa imatha kudzazidwa kwambiri ndimitengo kotero ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichepetse kuchuluka kwake kuti isawononge tchire. Kulemera kwake kwa magulu kumasiyana kuchokera ku 0.7kg mpaka 1.2kg, koma osati mpaka 1.5kg.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a zipatso
Magulu amphesa Anyuta ali ndi mawonekedwe a kondomu komanso osasunthika, zipatsozo zimakonzedwa mwaulere motero zipatso zazomera zolemera zimawoneka zokulirapo. Magulu akuluakulu a mphesa ali ndi chiwonetsero chabwino kwambiri ndipo amapatsa tchire mawonekedwe owoneka bwino. Zonse ndi zathu zipatso - lowala pinki, mawonekedwe okongola oval ndi kukula kwakukulu - pafupifupi 35x25 mm ndi ena, khalani ndi mafupa anayi. Kulemera kwa Berry ifikira 15-20g, zamkati Yothama, yolimba komanso yosangalatsa pakamwa, yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, ndikudya pang'ono pang'ono kwa mtedza. Khungu olimba, koma osavuta kudya pamodzi ndi zamkati.
Koma mutatha kucha, maguluwo sayenera kutsalira pa tchire, chifukwa zamkati zimamwa, ndipo kukoma kumachepa kwambiri. Palibe zisonyezo za mabulosi a nsawawa.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Ubwino wofunikira kwambiri wa "Anyuta" ndikosavuta kukula (komwe kuli kofunikira kwambiri kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa), kudzichepetsa kwa chomera, kukhazikika komanso zokolola zambiri osasamala kwenikweni.... Zopindulitsa zingapo zitha kupitilizidwa:
- zabwino kwambiri kukoma ndi mawonekedwe a mawonekedwekupereka chiwonetsero chabwino cha malonda;
- chabwino chitetezo cha zipatso ndi mayendedwe ataliatali (ngakhale kutentha kwambiri), komwe ndikofunikira pakukhazikitsa zokolola zochuluka;
- chifukwa cha khungu lolimba la mabulosi osawonongeka ndi mavu;
- haibridi mwamtheradi osachedwa nsawawa;
- zosiyanasiyana zakhala nazo bisexual maluwazomwe zimapereka kudziyendetsa bwino;
- mkulu chisanu kukana - mpaka 22-24zaC, komabe, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti azikhala m'nyengo yozizira - ndibwino kusewera mosamala kuposa kuwononga mbewu;
- mkulu chitsamba kukana ku matenda a fungal, mildew, powdery mildew;
- 100% ya rooting ya cuttingsoyenera chitsa chilichonse.
Koma, ngakhale pali zabwino zingapo, pali zina zofooka mitundu:
- mafupa - ngakhale ndizochepa, komabe, kupezeka kwawo kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusangalala ndi kukoma kwenikweni kwa zipatso;
- ngati mumatulutsa kwambiri tchire, wandiweyani mnofu zamkati zimasungunukaamakhala mucous;
- chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa thumba losunga mazira zokololazo sizingakhwime bwino, kotero, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwawo podula masango ochulukirapo;
- pa chinyezi chapamwamba zipatsozo zikuphwanyika;
- zotheka kuzizira kwa mizu, yofunika pogona m'nyengo yozizira.
Zojambula zamagetsi za mphesa za Anyuta
Zodzala Amakololedwa m'dzinja, panthawi yodulira tchire isanafike nthawi yachisanu. Cuttings a mphukira zapachaka amadulidwa ndi kutalika kwa 30-40 cm, amathandizidwa ndi 5% yankho la iron sulphate, wokutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokonza ndi cellophane, yosungidwa pa t + 5zaKUCHOKERA.
Chodzala chitha kuchitika ponseponse pomumezanitsa chitsa ndi mbande.
Pankhani yolumikiza, chomeracho nthawi yomweyo chimalandira mizu yamphamvu, imakula bwino komanso mwachangu, koma imatha kulandira matenda onse a chitsa, omwe pamapeto pake adzawonekere. Mmera umapewa mavutowa, koma umakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo umayamba kubala zipatso m'zaka 4-5 zokula.
Kufika. Mu February, zidutswazo zimayikidwa mu utuchi wonyowa wa coniferous ndikudikirira kuti mizu iwonekere. Kenako amabzalidwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi peat ndi mchenga, kuvala pazenera - mphukira zazing'ono zimafunikira kuwala ndi kutentha kochuluka. Amasamutsidwa kuti atsegule mu Meyi. Amakumba nthaka bwino, manyowa, ndikupanga mabowo akuya. Mwala wophwanyidwa umatsanulidwa pansi pawo, kenako zigawo za humus, feteleza zamchere (potaziyamu, phosphorous, chitsulo), nthaka yachonde imatsanulidwa.
Malo. Ngakhale zosiyanasiyana zimawerengedwa kuti sizofunikira kwenikweni pakukula ndi chisamaliro, ndibwino kutsatira malamulo ndi zofunikira kuti mukwaniritse bwino. Mphesa zimakula ndikubala zipatso bwino m'malo owala bwino, dzuwa kapena mbali yakumwera kwa nyumbayo. Popeza tchire ndi lamphamvu kwambiri, lalitali, amafunikira malo ambiri kuti akule bwino komanso azidya zakudya zoyenera. Chifukwa chake, mtunda wapakati pazomera moyandikana uyenera kukhala osachepera 1m, komanso kuchokera pamapangidwe mpaka kuthengo - osachepera 70cm.
Kusamalira mbewu zazing'ono ndi zazikulu
Chisamaliro china chimakhala kuchita zochitika mwachizolowezi:
- kuthirira - kawirikawiri, koma wochuluka (kumayambiriro kwa masika, asanayambe komanso atatha maluwa);
- Kuphimba nthaka kuzungulira thunthu ndi utuchi wakuda kapena zinthu zakuthupi;
- kudulira nthawi yophukira manja ndi mphukira kwa maso 6-8;
- ngakhale mitundu ya Anyuta imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri, njira yodzitetezera Kukonzekera kwa fungicidal anti-fungal sikungakhale kosafunika musanapange maluwa ndi kupanga mazira ambiri;
- kuphimba chitsamba chachitali m'nyengo yozizira Njira yosavuta ndi kanema, koma ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe chinyezi chilili pansi pogona, kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino.
Pogwiritsira ntchito njira zosavuta zosamalira Anyuta, mudzalandira mphotho yochuluka ya zipatso zabwino kwambiri.