Ubwino ndi kukongola ndizophatikizana kawirikawiri pazomera zam'munda. Chives ali ndi mikhalidwe imeneyi. Ndi nkhokwe yamavitamini ndipo amatha kusandutsa bedi wamba lamaluwa kukhala bedi lokongola la maluwa.
Chives saopa chisanu, samakonda kusamalira, amakula mwachangu komanso amakonda kwambiri... Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri munthu amatha kuwona nthenga zonenepa za anyezi zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a lilac ndi pinki "mipira" pamalo ake.
Kukula kwa zigawo za anyezi Schnitt
Anyezi Anunkhira Schnitt ndi chomera chamayiko osiyanasiyana. Amadziwa kusinthasintha nyengo. Amakondedwa m'chigawo chapakati komanso chakumwera kwa Russia, ku Siberia ndi Far East.
Kazakhstan, China ndi Mongolia, Italy ndi Portugal, America, India, Germany - kulikonse uta wokongola umakhala ngati kwawo. Ali ndi mayina ambiri: chives, skoroda, nthawi yozizira kapena Chingerezi uta, tribulka ndi sibulet.
Kumtchire, imamera m'madambo osefukira, m'zigwa za mitsinje, dothi locheperako komanso lonyowa, lamchenga, loamy ndi miyala.
Kufotokozera
Anyezi a Schnitt ali ndi nthenga zopyapyala zowoneka ngati awl, utoto wowoneka bwino wa emerald wobiriwira wokhala ndi phula pang'ono. Kutalika kwa nthenga kumakhala mpaka masentimita 15. Babu ndi yaying'ono, yayitali, yosayenera kudya. Mizu yake ndi yoyera, yoyera. Mbeu ndizochepa, zakuda. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi anyezi wamba ndi magawo awa:
- molawirira nyengo yokula;
- kusowa kwachizolowezi mababu;
- zachilendo pachimake;
- chosangalatsa komanso chosavuta kulawa.
Pachimake
Maluwa a anyezi a Schnitt ndi oyamba. Imayamba mu Meyi ndikupitilira chilimwe chonse. Ma inflorescence ofanana ndi mpira amapangidwa mivi. Mipira imapangidwa ndi maambulera ambiri momwe mbewu zimabisala. Mtundu wa maambulera amatha kukhala amtundu wofiirira, lilac ndi pinki. Mauta a Schnitt amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe. Amatha kukongoletsa zokhotakhota, zithunzi za alpine ndi mabedi amaluwa.
Zopindulitsa
Nthenga za Schnitt sizosangalatsa kukoma kokha, komanso zimakhala ndi zinthu zabwino, kusamalira thanzi la munthu. Mulinso gulu la mavitamini, zomwe zimafufuza komanso ma amino acid: vitamini C ndi B, chitsulo, calcium, carotene ndi mapuloteni.
Kugwiritsa ntchito chisel kumalimbikitsa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima, matenda amitsempha, ndibwino kwa impso, chiwindi ndi ndulu.
Mwa zina Schnitt amathandiza kulimbana ndi tizirombo ta m'munda, Zimathamangitsa ntchentche za anyezi ndi karoti, zimapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhudza maluwa, mitengo yazipatso ndi gooseberries. Ndi maluwa ake, amakopa njuchi, zomwe zimatenga timadzi tokoma m'maambulera ake okoma.
Kuphika
Nthenga zazing'ono zomwe sizinafike maluwa ndizoyenera kudya. Ma saladi amakonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo, amawonjezeredwa ku maphunziro oyamba ndi achiwiri, yogwiritsidwa ntchito podzaza ma pie, ndipo zowonadi Russian okroshka ndi chives nthawi zonse ndimakoma komanso onunkhira.
Schnitt ndiwokongola chifukwa ilibe fungo labwino la anyezi komanso kukoma kwake. Anyezi wodabwitsayu nthawi zambiri amapezeka pachakudya cha ku France ndi ku Italy.
Maluwa anyezi amadya ndipo amakhala ndi kununkhira pang'ono, kosakhwima. Ndi abwino kwa msuzi wapamwamba ndi saladi, mbale za nsomba ndi msuzi wa tchizi.
Kukula
Mitundu ya anyezi ya Schnitt imakula m'njira zitatu:
- yofesedwa ndi mbewu.
- wobzalidwa ndi mbande.
- amakula pogawa chomeracho.
Anyezi amakula msanga ndipo njira yosavuta yokulira ndikugawa.
Mbande
Mutha kulima anyezi wa mbande kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba. Nthawi yabwino yobzala ndi Marichi. Izi zidzafunika:
- chotsani chidebe nthaka;
- okhetsedwa priming;
- kufesa mbewu;
- pang'ono kuwaza ndi mchenga;
- chidebe kuphimba ndi zojambulazo ndi kuyika pamalo amdima;
- mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku komanso chinyezi kuchokera ku botolo la utsi;
- zikamera chotsani kanema ndipo ikani chidebecho pawindo lazenera.
Kufika pamapiri kumachitika kumapeto kwa Epulo. Pre-feteleza nthaka ndi kompositi, kukumba, kuchotsa udzu rhizomes. Kuzama kwa mabowo ndi 1.5 cm, mzere utali masentimita 20. Zomera 3-4 zimabzalidwa mu dzenje lililonse. Madzi nthaka ikauma.
Ndi njira yobzala mbewu, zingatheke kuyesa masamba obiriwira nthawi ino.
Mbewu
Mbeu za anyezi ndizochepa ndipo zimakhala zochepa kumera. Kuti mugwire nawo ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomata pamapepala (phala la starch limagwiritsidwa ntchito papepala lachimbudzi ndipo mbewu zimayikidwa mophatikiza)
Ndibwino kuti mulowerere nyembazo musanadzalemo ndikuziumitsa. Komabe, ndi chinyezi cha dothi komanso kutentha kokwanira, nyembazo zimamera bwino ngakhale osanyowa. Kufika mumtunda ndi motere:
- kukumba dziko lapansi, masulani;
- kuchita malo osaya 0,3 cm x 20 cm mulifupi;
- kuthira madzi, mutha kuwonjezera feteleza ovuta;
- kufesa mbewu zambiri;
- kuwaza mapiko;
- pang'ono sungani nthaka;
- mulch utuchi, manyuzipepala akale, zowola zamatabwa;
- kuthirira ngati pakufunika.
Kuchuluka kwa mmera kumachepetsa mizu ikayamba kulimba... Zomera zowonjezera sizitayidwa, koma zimabzalidwa kumalo ena, mwachitsanzo, pabedi lamaluwa.
Mukamabzala chives ndi mbewu, ndibwino kuti muzilola kuti zikule mwamphamvu ndipo osazidula nthenga mchaka choyamba.
Pogawa chitsamba
Wodulirayo amakula msanga ndipo amayamba mizu popanda mavuto. Mutha kugawa anyezi masika kapena Seputembara. Izi sizovuta kuchita:
- kukumba chomeracho ndi gawani magawo awiri 8-10 mizu iliyonse.
- konzani mabowo ndikutaya madzi
- Bzalani mozungulira mpaka kufika masentimita 3.5. Zomera 30 zingabzalidwe pa 1 sq.
- atatera kuyanika nthaka;
- khalidwe kuthirira mwakhama.
Chifukwa chake, kukula kwakukulu kwa anyezi kumatha kukhala zaka 2-3.
Tikufika isanafike nthawi yozizira
Anyezi amatha kufesedwa nyengo yachisanu isanakhale, pofanizira kufesa masika, mizere yokhala ndi dothi lamchenga ndi ngalande imatha kupangidwa. Kufesa kumachitika kumapeto kwa Seputembala, koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Musayambe kulowetsa mbewu.
Mukabzala, kuthirani bedi ndi mulch masentimita 1. Phimbirani bedi ndi masamba, nthambi za spruce ndi nsanza. Chipale chofewa chikatha, pangani chivundikiro cha matalala. Chifukwa chake, nyembazo zidzaumitsidwa ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo ziwonetsa mphukira zabwino.
Ngati mukufuna, mutha kuchita kugawa amayi ndikubzala "ana" m'malo atsopano m'mwezi wa Seputembara... Poterepa, dulani nthenga yakale m'khosi. Pakadutsa mwezi umodzi, chomeracho chimapatsa mizu yachinyamata, ndipo pachisanu choyamba, ndibwino kuti mutseke pabedi ndi anyezi wobzalidwa ndi nthambi za spruce, masamba ndi nsalu.
Kuthirira ndi kuyatsa
Chosel sichisamala za chisamaliro. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuthirira madzi ambiri munthawi yowuma, amakonda chinyezi. Malamulo ena onse osamalira ndi oyamba: kumasula, kuthira feteleza, kuchotsa namsongole, ndi kupatulira ndikubzala mukamakhuthala.
Kuthirira ndikofunika ndi madzi okhazikika, opanda chlorine. Ponena za dzuwa, mitundu ya Schnitt imatha kumera mumthunzi pang'ono komanso padzuwa.
Zovala zapamwamba
Feteleza pansi pa chisel nthawi zambiri sizofunikira. Zokwanira kamodzi pachaka, mu Julayi. Feteleza akhoza kukhala organic (kulowetsedwa kwa mullein, ndowe za mbalame) kapena kukonzekera mafakitale kutengera mchere, phosphorous ndi mchere wa potaziyamu.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Ma chive ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, komabe nthawi zina zimatha kudwala.
Dzina | Kufotokozera | Njira |
---|---|---|
Anyezi thrips | Tizilombo tating'ono timadya chomera ndikumwa madzi ake | Kwezani anyezi pansi ndikutenthetsa m'madzi + 50C, kenako muumitse padzuwa. |
Powdery mildew | Maluwa oyera amawonekera pa nthenga | Kuwononga masamba odwala, kenaka perekani ndi fungicide iliyonse. |
Dzimbiri | Madontho owola | Chotsani zomera zodwala ndi Topazi kapena Falcon. |
Kupewa matenda
Pofuna kuteteza zokolola zamtsogolo ku "mizimu yoyipa" muyenera kusamalira bwino mbewuzo. Kutaya mzere m'mizere, dothi la udzu pamapiri, kuthira feteleza, potashi ndi phosphorous feteleza. Osatentha kapena kusefukira nthaka. Onetsetsani anyezi kuti muwone zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa.
Kukolola
Ma chive si achilendo ndipo samakololedwa pakugwa ngati mababu. Pali njira zambiri zosungira mbewu. Nthenga za anyezi ndizouma, zouma, kuzifutsa. Itha kukumbidwa ndikuyika chidebe chamaluwa kunyumba nthawi yachisanu, komwe imakula nthawi yonse yozizira.
Mutha kuphimba chitunda ndi kanema ndikukhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso osakhwima chisanachitike chisanu choopsa. Mbeu za anyezi zingathenso kusungidwa kuti zisungidwe. Amawuma ndikuwonjezera pazakudya. Musaiwale za maluwa anyezi - amathanso kuumitsidwa, mchere kapena kuzizira.
Monga mukuwonera chives uta alibe zovuta... Chizeleti chokongola, chosakoma, chopanda phindu, cha anyezi choyambirira chikuwoneka kuti chidapangidwa kuti chikwaniritse zokhumba zonse za wamaluwa ndi kupezeka kwake pamabedi.