Zipatso zam'maluwa zotsekemera zimatha kukhala zipatso komanso chomera chokongoletsera. Mothandizidwa ndi strawberries otere, mutha kupeza zokolola zambiri. ndipo nthawi yomweyo, sizachilendo kukongoletsa chiwembu, wowonjezera kutentha kapena chipinda chogona.
Makhalidwe apadera a strawberries opotana
Pokhudzana ndi mitundu ina ya strawberries, mitundu yamakhotakhota imakhala ndi mawonekedwe angapo apadera:
- masharubu ambiri gwa pansi. Zitha kukhazikitsidwa pamapangidwe owongoka;
- zipatso zimapangidwa osati pa peduncles zokha, komanso pa masharubu, chifukwa chake kukolola kwakukulu kwambiri kumatha kukololedwa;
- Mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu kukonza;
- kulima mitundu yokwera ndikosavuta... Sasowa kupalira pafupipafupi, pomwe akutola zipatso simuyenera kuwerama nthawi zonse;
- zovuta za mitunduyi ndizo kufunika kothirira pafupipafupi ndikukonzekera kovuta nyengo yachisanu.
Ma sitiroberi opiringizika amapezekadi kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupanga dimba lawo kuti likhale lopindulitsa komanso lokongola.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mfumukazi Elizabeth
Izi zimabala zipatso nyengo yonse, kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala. Avereji, kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi cha Mfumukazi Elizabeth mutha kupeza ma kilogalamu awiri a zipatso zokoma cone woboola pakati ndi wosakhwima zamkati. Zipatsozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.
Alba
Mitundu yakukula msanga, yolimbana ndi chisanu chobwerezabwereza. Zipatso zolemera makilogalamu 1.2-1.5 kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi... Zipatso za Alba zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe otakata, amadzi okoma komanso wandiweyani. Oyenera ntchito yamtundu uliwonse, musawonongeke mukamanyamula.
Zokometsera zokometsera
Ndi ukadaulo woyenera waulimi, mutha kukolola zipatso zoyambirira zokoma kwambiri, zapakatikati zotsekemera komanso zowawasa kuchokera ku chomeracho. Zipatso zake ndizofiira kwambiri. Mbali ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ma peduncles aatalizomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito yokolola ikhale yosavuta.
Kufika
Kodi mungabzale bwanji strawberries wam'maluwa molondola? Pali njira zambiri zobzala kukwera kwa sitiroberi, wolima dimba aliyense amatha kusankha njira yomwe ndi yoyenera kwa iye.:
- Kudzala sitiroberi m'miphika kapena m'mipando... Kujambula uku kumawoneka kokongola kwambiri nthawi yamaluwa ndi zipatso. Kuti chomeracho chikhale chomasuka, m'mimba mwake mwa beseni muyenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm. Kupezeka kwa mabowo okwera ngalande kumafunikanso;
- Kupanga mpanda wodabwitsa wa mabulosiZitsambazo zimabzalidwa pamalo otseguka, pambuyo pake grid, lattice kapena kuluka yopitilira mita imodzi imayikidwa pafupi nayo. Ndevu zazomera zimamangirizidwa kumtunda, motero zimapanga mpanda;
- Njira yofala kwambiri ikufanana ndi piramidi... Amatenga mabokosi atatu masentimita 30 kutalika kwake mosiyanasiyana (100x100, 60x60 ndi 20x20) ndikuyika pamwamba pawo. Pamabedi, tchire 4 zimayikidwa m'mabokosi awiri apansi, ndipo 1 yokha kumtunda.
Nthawi yabwino yobzala sitiroberi m'miphika ndi kumapeto kwa Epulo. Mbeu zimasunthidwa kuti zitsegule pakati pa chilimwe.
Gawo loyamba lodzala lidzakhala kukonzekera kwa chisakanizo cha nthaka chopangidwa ndi:
- Magawo awiri kompositi;
- Magawo awiri a dambo;
- Gawo 1 la peat;
- Gawo 1 la manyowa ovunda.
Mosasamala kanthu za chiwembu chofika, muyenera kutsatira malamulo oyambira:
- mtunda pakati pa tchire ayenera kukhala osachepera 25-30 masentimita;
- mtima uyenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka;
- atatera dziko lapansi limathirira madzi ndi kuthira madzi.
Ma strawberries opotana amatha kukhala ngale yamunda uliwonse, ndipo malo oyenera amamera nthawi zonse.
Kusamalira bwino ndi kulima
Ma strawberries opotana ndiosavuta kusamalira. Zimaphatikizapo kuthirira, kudyetsa, kudulira, nyengo yozizira komanso ntchito zina.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, oterowo strawberries safuna kupalira mobwerezabwereza, komabe njirayi ndiyofunikira, kotero malo ozungulira chomeracho nthawi zonse amachotsedwa namsongole.
Pasanathe sabata mutabzala, mbande zimathiriridwa nthawi zambiri, kawiri patsiku, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ochepa. Zomera zakale zimathiriridwa kamodzi masiku atatu, ikakhala kotentha komanso kotentha, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi choyenera kuyenera kukulitsidwa. Pambuyo kuthirira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch malo ozungulira strawberries.
Masiku 7-10 aliwonse, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa. Ntchitoyi imachitika nthawi yomweyo ikatha kuthirira.
Tchire zimadyetsedwa nthawi zambiri. Mafuta osakaniza amadzimadzi ndi amchere amathiridwa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Ma strawberries opotana amafunikira zakudya zambiri... Izi ndichifukwa chobala zipatso zochuluka.
Kudulira mbewu
Kuti ma strawberries opotana apereke zokolola zochuluka ndikusunga mawonekedwe awo okongoletsa, ayenera kudulidwa munthawi yake komanso moyenera.:
- Kuchokera kuzomera za chaka choyamba cha moyo tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa ma peduncles onse. Njirayi ithandizira tchire kuzika mizu ndi kudziunjikira mphamvu zobala zipatso nyengo yotsatira;
- Mu mbewu zazikulu onetsetsani kuchuluka kwa masharubu, sipayenera kukhala osapitilira 5;
- Fruiting ikathaTchire limatsitsimutsidwa ndikuchotsa masamba onse.
Kukonzekera chomera chokwera nthawi yozizira
Pofuna kupewa ma strawberries opotana kuti asafe nyengo yozizira yaku Russia, isanayambike chisanu choyambirira, muyenera kuchita izi:
- Ngati zingatheke, njira yabwino yozizira nyengo yotere ingakhale kusamukira ku chipinda ozizira;
- Tikamakula ma strawberries m'miphika yopachika, Amachotsedwa, amaikidwa pansi ndikuphimbidwa ndi burlap, nthambi za spruce, udzu kapena zinthu zina;
- Ngati sitiroberi idakula pamapangidwe owongoka, kudzakhala koyenera kuchotsa ndikuyika masharubu pansi. Kenako amafundikidwanso ndi chilichonse chomwe chilipo.
Mukamangirira masharubu a zomera kumtunda kapena kumpanda, m'pofunika kulingalira za kuyenda kwawo pasadakhale, chifukwa ngati atakhala nyengo yozizira bwino, amafa.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Ma strawberries opiringizika sagonjetsedwa ndi matenda komanso tizirombo. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza nthata za sitiroberi, nematode kapena matenda a fungal..
- Mothandizidwa ndi sitiroberi mite zipatso zimakhala zazing'ono kwambiri ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimafota. Mutha kuchotsa tizilomboti mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala monga Nero, Fufanon, ndi zina zambiri. Pazabwino zonse, mankhwala atatu amachitika ndi masiku 7-10;
- Ndi nematode zipatso zimakhala zolimba, ndipo zimayambira zimakhala zowirira komanso zazifupi. Poterepa, chomeracho sichimamvera chithandizo. Idzafunika kukumbidwa ndikuwotchedwa;
- Polimbana ndi matenda a fungal Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafugnicides.
Pofuna kuteteza strawberries ku mavuto osiyanasiyana, m'pofunika kuusamalira bwino komanso kawiri pa nyengo (masika ndi nthawi yophukira) kuti muchiritse zodzitchinjiriza ndi madzi a Brodsky.
Strawberry yokwera ndi chomera chachilendo kwambiri., chifukwa chake mutha kuyika mawonekedwe atsopano kumunda kapena chipinda chilichonse.