Makolo athu nawonso adabzala chitumbuwa cha mbalame pafupi ndi nyumba. Osati kokha chifukwa chakuti limamasula bwino ndipo limatulutsa fungo labwino. Pakati pa maluwa, mtengowu umatulutsa ma phytoncides mlengalenga, omwe amawononga mabakiteriya oyambitsa matenda.... Amakhulupirira kuti ngati mungayime pamthunzi wamtengo, mutha kuwopsa matendawa. Tiyeni tiwone bwino mitundu yamatcheri wamba a mbalame ndi madera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zizindikiro za anthu zogwirizana ndi maluwa a chitumbuwa cha mbalame
Mtengo umamasula mu Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Maluwa, osonkhanitsidwa mu oblong inflorescence, fungo labwino ndikukopa njuchi. Mbalame yamatcheri ndi chomera chabwino cha uchi. Ichi ndi chifukwa china chomwe adayesera kubzala pafupi ndi nyumba kapena m'malo awoawo. Mtengo kapena shrub ndizofala ku Russia konse: kuyambira gawo la Europe mpaka Siberia ndi Far East... Ndicho chifukwa chake, pamodzi ndi birch, zikhoza kuonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha Central Russian Plain.
Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa chitumbuwa cha mbalame ndi wamba, umatchedwanso carpal. Amaponyera maburashi oyera a inflorescence oyera. Mwa mitundu 20 yamatabwa, 7 amalimidwa m'gawo lathu... Mwa izi, mitundu yokongoletsa imawonekera. Ma inflorescence awo okongola modabwitsa, kuyambira mitundu yachikaso yamitundu iwiri mpaka pinki iwiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga malo kukongoletsa nyimbo ndi mapaki ndi ziwembu zawo.
Timadziwa bwino za carpal bird cherry, ndi maluwa oyera. Pali chizindikiro pakati pa anthu kuti nthawi yamaluwa yamatcheri a mbalame, mutha kuyamba kufesa tirigu ndikubzala mbatata. Pali malingaliro kuti panthawi yamaluwa yamtengo, mpweya ndiye wabwino kwambiri komanso woyera kwambiri. Amayanjananso maluwa ndi kuzizira kwakanthawi, "mbalame yamatcheri ozizira".
Koma kwa anthu ambiri, maluwa onunkhira akuimira kukonzanso kwa chilengedwe komanso nyengo yachisangalalo.
Kodi mitundu yamtundu wa chitumbuwa ndi iti
Kuphatikiza pa mbalame wamba yodziwika bwino kwa aliyense, zosiyanasiyana Cheryomukha virginskaya inayamba... Chomera chokongolachi chinasamuka kuchokera ku North America.
Virginia
Mtengo umakula mpaka mamita 15. Mosiyana ndi carp mbalame yamatcheri, yokhala ndi zipatso zakuda, zipatso za ku Virginia ndizofiira... Amamasula ndi inflorescences oyera. Chomeracho chikuwoneka chokongola makamaka nthawi yophukira. Masamba amatembenukira ku burgundy ofiira. Imalekerera nyengo yotentha komanso nyengo yozizira bwino. Amakonda nthaka yonyowa komanso kuwala. Zimafalikira kuchokera ku mbewu ndi mizu. Virginia bird cherry ali ndi mitundu ingapo, kutengera mtundu wa zipatso (wakuda, wachikaso, wofiyira pang'ono). Mawonekedwe a mtengowo amakhala othyathyalika ndipo amakhala ndi nthambi zothothoka (kulira chitumbuwa cha mbalame).
Colata Yodziwika
Zambiri ngati shrub, chifukwa imatha kutalika mpaka 5 mita. Masamba achilendo, opakidwa utoto wofiirira komanso wofiira masika, amasanduka obiriwira pofika chilimwe. Mukugwa, masambawo amafiyanso ofiira. Koma chomeracho chimakhala chokongola kwambiri panthawi yamaluwa. Ma inflorescence obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi fungo losalala la amondi... Nthambi ndi khungwa zilinso ndi utoto wofiirira. Imamera kuchokera kumizu, chifukwa chake imachulukana mosavuta. Amakonda chinyezi, kuwala, amalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino. Monga mitundu yambiri yamatcheri a mbalame, imatha kugwa chisanu. Zipatso zakuda zipse pofika Ogasiti.
Chakumapeto
Malo okhala ndi North America, koma yazika mizu m'malo otentha a dziko lathu. Mtengo wamphamvu wokhala ndi korona wopangidwa bwino mpaka mamitala 20... Masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino nthawi yotentha, amasintha kukhala ofiira achikaso nthawi yophukira. Amatchedwa "mochedwa" chifukwa umamasula patatha milungu iwiri, kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa Juni. Zipatso zakuda zakuda zimapsa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Zipatso zake ndizokulirapo kuwirikiza kawiri za zipatso wamba za mbalame, ndizabwino kwambiri ndipo sizikhala ndi kukoma kwake. Amatchedwanso "rum cherry" chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwa mchere. Tinctures wokoma amapezeka kuchokera pamenepo. Mtengo uli ndi mphamvu yodziberekera yokha, umalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino, uli ndi mizu yamphamvu.
Antipka (Magaleb)
Shrub yodabwitsa yokhala ndi mizu yamphamvu yomwe atha kukhala zaka 200... Osakakamira panthaka, imatha kumera pamapiri amiyala. Middle East ndi Europe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi kwawo. Mtengo wa izi ndikuti ndiabwino kwa chitsa cha nthuza ndi maula. Popeza chitumbuwa cha mbalame ndi cha banja la maula. Chitsambachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbitsa malo otsetsereka. Makungwa a tchire amakhala ndi coumarin, mankhwala onunkhira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zonunkhira. Ma inflorescence oyera ang'onoang'ono amaphimba tchire lonse nthawi yamaluwa, amatulutsa fungo labwino... Zipatso ndizochepa, zakuda.
Wopusa
Inayamba mizu pakati komanso kumpoto. Zimasiyana maluwa ambiri. Zipatso zakuda bulauni zimakhala ndi zotsekemera komanso zotsekemera. Zokolola zochuluka ndi kucha msanga, kulimba kwa nyengo yozizira zimapangitsa mtengo kukhala woyenera kumera nyengo yozizira. Mtengo wokwera mpaka 5 mita umatulutsa mpaka 15 kg ya zipatso.
Kudzibereketsa komanso Sakhalin (yamatcheri aku Siberia)
Mitundu yoyambilira kukhwima, mabulosi amakolola mu Julayi, opangidwa ndi obzala ku Siberia. Amalekerera chisanu mwangwiro. Amapereka zokolola zabwino mpaka 20-22 kg... Kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda. Masika achisanu amalekerera mosavuta. Mitengo yokhala ndi korona wamphamvu mpaka mamitala 8, pachimake ndi inflorescence yayikulu yoyera. Mitunduyi imasiyanasiyana ndi kukoma kwa zipatso.
Amanogova wabwino (sakura)
Maluwa okongola kwambiri ndi Amanogov sakura. Mbalame yamatcheri ya mbalame ndi yamtundu wambiri, kutengera mtundu wamatcheri... Chifukwa chake, sakura wotchuka waku Japan alinso chitumbuwa cha mbalame. Mtengo wocheperako wa Amonogova wokometsera. Maluwa awiri oyera-pinki amatsekemera pamtengo wonse. Kuphulika kokongola modabwitsa komanso fungo losalala kunapangitsa sakura kutchuka ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zopangidwa mwachilengedwe.
Distance Mpongwe-Ssiori (Far Eastern, Ainu)
Mtengo wokongola wamphamvu, wofikira kuchokera 10 mpaka 20 mita kutalika. Malo ogawira zilumba za Kuril ndi Sakhalin. Ma inflorescence akaphulika, amakhala ofiira ofiira, kenako amatuluka oyera. Kutalika kwa inflorescence mpaka masentimita 15, ndi maluwa okongola ooneka ngati belu komanso fungo losalala... Zipatso zazikulu mpaka 12 mm.
Kuchiritsa matabwa
Ochiritsa m'nthawi zakale ankadziwa za kuchiritsa kwa chomeracho, zomwe zili mu khungwa, masamba ndi zipatso.
Chifukwa chake, adagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama pochiza:
- phyton, zomwe zili mu khungwa la mtengo, zidagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma decoction kapena tinctures. Makungwawo anachotsedwa ndi zingwe zopyapyala m'chaka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati anti-inflammatory, anti-febrile ndi diaphoretic. Mankhwala opangira mavitamini ndi abwino kwa rheumatism.
Hydrocyanic acid ilipo mu khungwa ndi masamba, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri pamlingo.
- ndi matenda am'mapapo decoction wa masamba ndi maluwa ndi othandiza. Kulowetsedwa kwa maluwa kumathandizira ma mucous membranes amaso. Makungwawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza rheumatism;
- zipatso ndi nkhokwe ya mavitamini ndi zinthu zothandiza... Mavitamini P, otchedwa flavonoids, amalimbitsa makoma a mitsempha. Amygdalin (B17, koposa zonse m'mafupa) amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala oletsa khansa. Shuga, citric, ascorbic, malic acid, mafuta ofunikira komanso mafuta (mu mbewu), zinthu zamchere, kuphatikiza molybdenum ndi titaniyamu, zimapezeka mu zipatso. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yobwezeretsa matenda ambiri am'mimba, chimfine. Zipini zamatope ndi zopinga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi kutsegula m'mimba;
Ndi chifukwa cha izi zomwe mbalame yamatcheri yapeza ntchito mu mankhwala ndi kuphika kunyumba.
Ntchito yophika
Mbalame yamatcheri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika. Ponena za kukoma, zipatsozo ndizotsika kuposa ma congeners - yamatcheri, yamatcheri ndi maula. chifukwa cha kulawa pang'ono ndi kowawa, koma ndiabwino kwa thupi komanso onunkhira.
Zipatso zouma amapera ufa... Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera kuzinthu zophika buledi. Katundu wophikayo amakhala ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino.
Gwiritsani ntchito:
- keke amapangidwa ndi ufa wa mbalame yamatcheri;
- pangani kvass mbalame yokoma;
- pamaziko ake pangani zonunkhira, zotsekemera;
- zipatso zatsopano ndizodzaza kwambiri ma pie;
- kupanga odzola, zipatso zakumwa, mankhwala;
- masamba achichepere amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati saladi;
- tiyi wothira;
- pangani kupanikizana.
Mbalame yamatcheri ndi ofunika kwambiri kumadera akumpoto.kumene zipatso zomwe zingalimidwe kumalo otentha sizingathe kupsa.
Mbalame yamatcheri imafalikira kudera lonse lathu. Amakondwera ndi maluwa onunkhira bwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso kuphika... Wamaluwa akubzala mitundu yatsopano. Mitundu yokongola ya mitengo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo okongola. Olemba ndakatulo ndi olemba analemba za chitumbuwa cha mbalame ndi kutentha ndi chikondi.