M'dziko lathu, simudzapeza kanyumba kanyengo komwe kumakhala nkhaka. Amatha kumera m'mitengo yosungunuka ya polycarbonate, zotentha, migolo, komanso panja. Ngati cholinga ndikutolera mbewu yochuluka, muyenera kumvetsetsa zovuta zonse zosamalira mbewu yotchuka iyi ndikudziwa ngati ikuyenera kumangirizidwa komanso momwe mungathirire.
Koyenera chisamaliro nkhaka pa kukula ndi fruiting
Mphukira ikangotuluka, pamabwera mphindi yofunika kwambiri yosamalira masamba kuti isangalale kwanthawi yayitali ndi masamba awo obiriwira.
Kusamalira nkhaka ndi manja anu sivuta - muyenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta.
Malamulo olondola kuthirira nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutseguka
Kuti chomeracho chisapweteke ndi nkhaka tchire kuti lipereke zokolola zabwino komanso zokoma, m'pofunika kusunga malamulo atatu akuluakulu kuthirira:
- kuchuluka
- Kusunga nthawi
- Nthawi zonse
Chomeracho chili ndi mizu yomwe imakhala yosaya kuchokera padziko lapansi ndipo ikathirira, madzi amalowa mwachangu m'nthaka. Pokhala ndi madzi okwanira osakwanira, mizu siyilandira chinyezi chomwe tchire la nkhaka chimafunikira kwambiri kuti chikule bwino, maluwa ndi zipatso.
Nkhaka ilinso ndi masamba akulu, omwe amatenga gawo lalikulu pakusungunuka kwa chinyezi. Zotsatira zake, chomeracho nthawi zambiri chimathiriridwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowaza.
Mbande zazing'ono zimangothiriridwa mozungulira tchire kuti zisawononge mbandezo ndikuwonetsa mizu yosalimba. Mizu ikaonekera pamwamba pa nthaka, m'pofunika kuti nthawi yomweyo muzungulire mbewu.
- Munthawi yamvula, nkhaka zomwe zimakula m'mabedi otseguka, pakukula, popanga ma lashes komanso popanga inflorescence, sizingathiridwe konse.
- M'nyengo yotentha komanso youma, nkhaka imathiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku, pomwe chingwe chapamwamba chimauma. Pakudzaza nthaka ndi madzi, mita imodzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka malita 15 a madzi.
- Pakati pa nyengo yothirira, kuthirira kumachitika: nyengo yotentha kawiri pa tsiku, kunja kukuchita mitambo, kawiri pamlungu. Munthu wamkulu yemwe wapanga chitsamba amafuna 15 malita pa sq. mita, ndi zelents zatsopano - 25 malita.
- Pakubala zipatso, pamafunika madzi ochulukirapo kuti chipatso chikule bwino (kukoma ndi nkhaka zimadalira izi).
Mulingo ndi kusasinthasintha kwa kuthirira kumatsimikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa nthaka. Ndi kuthirira kokwanira, madzi samalowa m'nthaka ndikukhalabe pansi.
Kuyanika ndi kuthira madzi mwamphamvu m'nthaka sikuyenera kuloledwa. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kusowa kwa madzi ndikufota kwa masamba, ndipo chinyezi chowonjezera chimatha kuyambitsa mizu yovunda.
Nthawi yabwino kuthirira ndi m'mawa kapena dzuwa litalowapamene kunyezimira kwa dzuwa kulibe kapena sikugwiranso ntchito. Mukatha kuthirira, perekani kumasula nthaka pakati pa mizere, kuti chinyezi chikhalebe nthawi yayitali ndipo sichipanga dothi ladothi.
Kuthirira nkhaka zakunja ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kuthirira nkhaka wowonjezera kutentha. Ndikofunikira apa ganizirani chinyezi ndikuwona kutentha... Kutentha kukatsika pansi pa madigiri 15, kuthirira sikumachitika, chifukwa pamafunde otsika mizu siyamwa madzi bwino, zomwe zingayambitse matenda.
Pofuna kusangalala ndi zokolola zochuluka ndikupewa kupezeka kwa matenda osiyanasiyana, nkhaka imathiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda.
Ngati masana, kutentha kumakhala pa madigiri 25, tchire silithiriridwa pamizu, koma mozungulira chomeracho, pamene mukuwonjezeka - gwiritsani ntchito njira yowaza... Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mawa okha.
Pakutha nyengo yachilimwe, kuthirira kumachepa, chifukwa chinyezi chochulukirapo m'nthaka yozizira chimatha kuyambitsa mizu.
Kupalira ndi kumasula dimba
Popeza mizu yoyamba ya nkhaka ili pafupi kwambiri, kupalira ndi kumasula kumachitika mosamala kwambiri.
Njira zotsegulira ziyenera kuchitika mukatha kuthirira, mosamala kukankhira kumbuyo zikwapu. M'mwezi woyamba, mbande zazing'ono zimamasulidwa tsiku lililonse, mpaka masentimita 4, ndiye kuti izi zimachitika masiku asanu ndi awiri. Hilling imachitika kangapo pachaka kuti imange mizu yachinyamata.
Kupalira tchire kuyenera kuchitidwa pamene udzu umakula, popeza namsongole amanyamula matenda osiyanasiyana omwe angayambitse mavuto ku mpesa wa nkhaka.
Pofuna kuletsa kukula kwa namsongole ndikusunga chinyezi m'nthaka, mutha kuchita kuphimba: kutchetcha udzu, utuchi kapena udzu.
Njira za garter pansi ndi wowonjezera kutentha wa polycarbonate
Kusamalira mbewu ya nkhaka kumakhalanso ndi garter wa mphukira. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika pamene tchire limakula.
Garter yolondola yazomera imathetsa mavuto akulu angapo:
- Imasunga malo
- Imalepheretsa kupezeka kwa matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa chokhudzana ndi zipatso ndi nthaka
- Imathandizira kukolola
Ndikofunikira kuchita njira ya garter pomwe chomeracho chapanga masamba 4-5 ndipo wafika kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Malemu garter amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chowononga mbewu.
Pali njira ziwiri zomangira:
- Cham'mbali
- Ofukula
Maukonde apadera ndi abwino kumangirira. Khoka limatambasulidwa pa trellises kapena zogwirizira, ndipo nkhaka zimayamba kuzipindika zokha. Mu wowonjezera kutentha, nkhaka zimangirizidwa ndi twine kumiyeso yopingasa. Muthanso kumangirira kuma arcs kapena kudzipangira nokha chithandizo.
Kukumana feteleza kofunikira panthawi yamaluwa
Zomera zonse zamasamba zimafunikira kudyetsedwa koyenera komanso kwakanthawi kuti zikule bwino, nkhaka zimachitanso chimodzimodzi. Mlimi aliyense azidziwa kuti ndi nthawi yanji, motani komanso ndi nkhaka ziti zomwe zimakumana ndi umuna panthawi yamaluwa.
Nthawi yamaluwa, tchire la nkhaka liyenera kudyetsedwa. Nkhaka manyowa phosphorous-potaziyamu ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni... Nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu amalimbikitsa kukula kwamphamvu ndi masamba, pomwe phosphorous imakulitsa maluwa.
Kudyetsa mbewu kumapangitsa fruiting ndikuwonjezera zokololakomanso amateteza chomera ku matenda amtundu uliwonse.
Kuti mukwaniritse zipatso nthawi zonse, muyenera kutsatira malamulo atatu:
- Ndibwino kuti musadyetse nkhaka m'malo mopitilira muyeso
- Asanathira feteleza, chomeracho chimatsanulidwa bwino
- Zovala zapamwamba zimayambitsidwa masiku 14 aliwonse
Zovala zapamwamba nthawi yamaluwa nkhaka zimatha kupanga:
- Pansi pa muzu
- Kuvala masamba (kupopera masamba ndi njira yothetsera michere)
- Fumbi louma
Manyowa ofunikira
- Kudyetsa ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Yankho mullein kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi 1:10 ndikuwonjezera 1 galasi phulusa... Kugwiritsa ntchito - lita imodzi tchire 4.
- Kuyambira nthawi yamaluwa, ngati dothi lalandila umuna wabwino, ndikwanira kudyetsa nkhaka ndi phulusa lamatabwa. Kuti muchite izi, magalasi a phulusa a 2.5 amathiridwa ndi malita 10 amadzi, ndikusiya kusiya kwa maola 24. Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa mizu
- Sifted phulusa, masamba ndi mungu. Nkhaka zidzalandira feteleza wa phosphorous ndi kupewa ku powdery mildew.
- Zovala zapamwamba za Foliar. Sakanizani phulusa magalamu 500 ndi malita 10 a madzi. Phulusa limathetsa kuchepa kwa potaziyamu.
- Kuvala kwazitsamba asidi boric... Kwa chidebe chamadzi - ¼ supuni ya asidi.
- Pakakhala kuti mulibe nthawi yodzikongoletsera mwachilengedwe, mutha kugula feteleza ovuta okonzeka... Muyenera kumwa tsp 1 pachidebe chamadzi. potaziyamu sulphate, urea ndi superphosphate.
Simungathe kugonjetsa nkhaka, chifukwa kuchuluka kwakukulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza mobwerezabwereza kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa kukoma kwa chipatso ndikuphwanya kukula kwa tchire.
Ngakhale kuchoka kumawoneka kovuta kwambiri, khama ndi nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito sizingowononga. Nkhaka posachedwa zidzakusangalatsani ndi zipatso zabwino komanso masamba obiriwira.