Sea buckthorn idakondana ndi ambiri wamaluwa chifukwa cha mankhwala. Amaluwa ambiri am'maluwa amalima mbalame zamchere kuchokera kubzala zomwe agula. Monga lamulo, zimakhala zovuta kupeza zinthu zabwino zobzala.
Sea buckthorn ndi chomera cha dioecious, izi zikutanthauza kuti chimatha kukhala chomera chachimuna kapena chachikazi, chifukwa chake, mitengoyo iyenera kubzalidwa palimodzi kuti ipeze zokolola zabwino.
Njira zoberekera nyanja buckthorn
Sea buckthorn yothandiza imakondedwa ndi wamaluwa ambiri. Pakadali pano Mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana idapangidwa.
Kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa mitengo, sikofunikira konse kugula mmera mu nazale, popeza pali njira zambiri zoberekera nyanja buckthorn.
Pali njira zingapo zoberekera nyanja buckthorn:
- msipu;
- kuyika;
- mbewu;
- lignified ndi zobiriwira cuttings.
Mlimi aliyense amameta bwino kwambiri nokha. Tiyeni tiwone chilichonse cha njirazi.
Pansi
Kwa omwe amalima omwe akufuna kufalitsa msanga tchire la buckthornnjira yochulukirapo iyenera kukumbukiridwa.
Zinthu zobzala ndizo mphukira, upeze powononga mizu ya buckthorn ndi fosholo... Zowonongeka zitha kuchitika mosazindikira, chifukwa mizu ya nyanja ya buckthorn imayenda mtunda wautali.
Kenako sungunulani chitunda (masika wotsatira), muyenera kuchita izi mosamala, ndi manja anu, ndiye siyanitsani ana kumizu ndi kuyenda kopingasa kwa mpeni, pofika nthawiyo adzakhala atapeza mizu yake.
Pambuyo pake iyenera kuziika (malowa adakonzedwa kugwa). M'tsogolomu, ndikofunikira kudyetsa chomeracho ndikuchithirira mwadongosolo.
Olemekezeka cuttings
Kukonzekera kwa lignified cuttings kumachitika mu November, posankha cuttings oyenera osachepera 5 mm wakuda, ayenera kubisala m'chipale chofewa. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, cuttings amadulidwa, kutalika kwakukulu kwa cuttings pambuyo podula ndi 20 cm.
Kenako ayenera kuviikidwa m'madzi.... Zodula zimatha kusiyidwa m'madzi kwa milungu iwiri, nthawi yomwe masamba amakhala ndi nthawi yoti iphule, zimayambira mizu.
Kukonzekera kwa malo okwera kumachitika pasadakhale. Pakukumba kwa nthawi yophukira, mpaka 9 kg ya humus pa 1 mita imalowetsedwa m'nthaka.Muchaka, kukumba kwachiwiri kumachitika ndipo malo obzala amafafanizidwa mosamala.
Bedi liyenera kukhala osachepera mita imodzi m'lifupi, sayenera kukhala yayitali kwambiri, ena mpaka kupondaponda njira m'mbali kuti phirilo lituluke pang'ono pamwambapa.
Kutentha kwa dothi kukafika madigiri 5, kubzala cuttings... Kusiya masamba angapo pamwamba, ma cuttings amathiriridwa kwambiri, pambuyo pake dothi limadzaza ndi feteleza.
Mdulidwe ukabzalidwa, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe nthaka ilili, chinyezi chake, kuthirira cuttings ataliatali kumachitika pakadutsa 1 nthawi m'masiku anayi, mwachidule - tsiku lililonse.
Mbande zina zimakhala zazikulu pakutha kwa nyengo, ndipo chaka chamawa chaka chamawa, mutha kuziyika pamalo okhazikika.
Mitengo yomwe mizu yake yafikira masentimita 20, kutalika kwa nthaka yomwe ili pamwambayi ndi masentimita 50, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi 8 mm, ndi okonzeka kumuika.
Ubwino wa njirayi:
- njirayi sikufuna luso lapadera ndipo ndi yoyenera kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa;
- zotsatira zake monga mawonekedwe a chomera cha amayi amathanso kuonedwa ngati mwayi.
Zoyipa: cuttings mizu bwino pa otsika mpweya chinyezi.
Zomera zobiriwira
Mtundu uwu wobereketsa wa nyanja buckthorn ikuchitika kuyambira Juni mpaka Julayi... Choyamba, cuttings amadulidwa (10 cm), chifukwa cha ichi muyenera mpeni wakuthwa. Ndiye kupanga odulidwa m'munsi ndi chapamwamba.
Kuti muzule bwino, cuttings ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala opangira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa heteroauxin: piritsi limodzi pa lita imodzi ya madzi.
Pambuyo maola 16, ma cuttings amayenera kutsukidwa ndikubzalidwa m'nthaka, kenako ndikutidwa ndi kanema kapena botolo. Ndi bwino ngati nthaka ndi yopepuka, nthaka yoyenera kwambiri ndi peat... Cuttings ayenera kuikidwa m'manda 4 cm.
Kutsirira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito sefa yabwino. Ndikofunikira kuwongolera momwe nthaka ilili pansi pa cuttings ndi masamba - nthawi zonse imayenera kuthiridwa.
Kuteteza cuttings ku matenda otchedwa wakuda mwendo, ndikofunikira kuwathirira ndi yankho lomwe limaphatikizapo potaziyamu permanganate.
Kanemayo kapena botolo limachotsedwa pazidutsazo zitayamba mizu... The cuttings amasamutsidwa kumalo okhazikika patatha chaka chimodzi atazika mizu.
Ubwino: zana limodzi la kupulumuka.
Zoyipa: Ntchito yovuta kwambiri, yoyenera alimi odziwa zambiri.
Momwe mungafalikire pogawa tchire
Kwa mtundu uwu wobereka nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ndikubzala mbewu m'malo ena.
Nthawi yabwino yochitira izi - kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, koma chisanu chisanachitike.
Zitsambazo zimakumbidwa, nthambi zonse zakale zimadulidwa, ndikusiya zotsalira zokha. Kugwedeza dothi lokwanira kuchokera kumizu, gawani tchire m'magawo pogwiritsa ntchito pruner wam'munda.
Pogawa tchire, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kupezeka kwa mizu yathanzi mbali iliyonse ya tchire. Mmera uyenera kuti unakula, ma rhizomes akale amachotsedwa, china chilichonse chimafunika kuchepetsedwa.
Zigawo
Njirayi imakondedwa ndi oyamba kumene ambiri. mu kulima maluwa monga momwe kumathandizira kukula mbande zabwino.
Kubereka mwa kuyala kumachitika motere: tengani nthambi yotsika kwambiri ya sea buckthorn ndikusindikiza mwamphamvu ndikuyiyika pansi, ndikusiya nsonga ya nthambiyo pamwamba. Kenako imakonkhedwa kwambiri ndi humus ndikusunga chinyezi nthawi yachilimwe.
Pakugwa, tsinde lililonse limatulutsa mphukira zingapo. Pofika kasupe, mitundu yolimba kwambiri imasankhidwa ndikubzala pamalo okhazikika.
Ubwino njirayi ndi iyi:
- zikhalidwe zonse za shrub zimasamutsidwa;
- Kuyika bwino.
Za zolephera zotsatirazi zitha kusiyanitsidwa: mphukira zingapo zapachaka, thunthu la mtengo wobala zipatso ndilopanda kanthu.
Mbewu
Kufalitsa mbewu ndiyo njira yosavuta. Ndi kubereka kotereku, zinthu zamtunduwu sizimadutsa mbande, kuphatikiza apo, theka la mbandezo ndi zamphongo.
Kufalitsa mbewu pang'onopang'ono:
- Kutolera Mbewu kuchokera ku tchire la buckthorn labwino kwambiri komanso labwino. Mbewu zimapezeka motere: zipatsozo zimaphwanyidwa, msuzi, zamkati zimasiyanitsidwa ndikutsukidwa kangapo ndi madzi kudzera mu kalico, pambuyo pake zimatsalira kuti ziume mumthunzi. Mukayanika, nyembazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zamkati ndi khungu.
- Mukakolola, m'pofunika kupereka mbewu yosungirako bwino... Mbewu zomwe zimayikidwa muthumba zimasungidwa m'chipinda chowuma komanso chotentha.
- Kufesa... Pansi pazabwino, nthanga za buckthorn zimatha kusunga katundu wawo kwa zaka zitatu. Mutha kubzala mbewu mchaka, komanso kugwa. Kuchokera mumitengo yambiri, mbewu za m'nyanja zam'madzi zimapangidwa chifukwa choti sizikhala nthawi yayitali, zimamera pambuyo pokolola komanso zikauma zouma. Mbewu za sea buckthorn zimafesedwa chisanachitike chisanu, koyambirira kwa Novembala. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala m'mbuyomu, chifukwa njere zimamera mwachangu kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa kuzizira kwa mbande. Mukamabzala masika, nyembazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomangidwa.
Kubzala kwakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kumasiyana ndi kufesa masika chifukwa kumathandizira kumera kwa mbewu zonse nthawi imodzi. Mbande imagwa mu Epulo, kusanachitike kutentha, mizu imakhala ndi nthawi yopanga.
Nthawi yabwino yobzala: kugwa kapena masika?
Sea buckthorn ndizovuta kulekerera nyengo yozizira, nyengo yokula imatha kuyamba molawirira kwambiri.
Kubzala kapena kuziika kumachitika bwino kumayambiriro kwa masika.... Kwa mbande zomwe zili ndi mizu yotseguka, izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa panthawi yopatsa mbewu chomeracho chimataya gawo la mizu.
Zikakhala kuti mmera umakhala mchidebe kwa nthawi yayitali (kupitilira chaka chimodzi), ntchito yosanjikiza ndiyosavuta. Mutha kubzala mbewu m'chidebe nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
Ndikofunikirabe kuyang'ana chilimwe ndi masika, popeza panthawiyi mmera udzakhala ndi nthawi yopanga mizu yabwino nthawi yachisanu isanafike, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kupirira chisanu.
Njira iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi maubwino ake. Njira zina ndizosatheka kuzitsatira popanda chidziwitso ndi zida zina.
Oyamba kumene ayenera kuganizira njira zosavuta kuberekanso kwa nyanja buckthorn, ndikupeza luso lakusunthira pamlingo wovuta kwambiri, kenako zotsatira zake ndi mawonekedwe a mitengo yokongola, yobala zipatso sachedwa kubwera.
Agrotechnics ya nyanja buckthorn: