Ma broiler turkeys ndi mtundu wa nkhuku ndipo amachita ndi alimi ambiri komanso mabizinesi azolimo. Amatchuka chifukwa chodzichepetsa, kukhazikika mtima, kubereka komanso kulawa kwabwino kwa nyama.
Munkhaniyi, tiwona momwe tingawonjezere nkhuku zazing'ono kunyumba, momwe tingadyetse anapiye a nkhuku komanso momwe tingapewere matenda ofala.
North America imawerengedwa kuti ndi yomwe idatulukira mitundu yamitundu yambiri yamasamba amtundu wa broiler.
Kufotokozera kwathunthu
Thupi la ma broilers ndilolimba, lamphamvu, mulomo wamphamvu wolimba wokhala ndi chozungulira chofiira. Mbalame zimathamanga, mapiko otukuka amalola kuwuluka pamwamba pa mipanda ya mita zitatu. Khalani ndi liwiro mpaka 50 km / h.
Alimi amaganiza kuti mitundu ya ma broiler turkey ndiomwe amadya, osowa nyumba zina.
Pali mitundu ingapo yamawu, malingaliro omwe ali ndi phindu pakukula kwa turkeys, kukhala ndi thanzi la ana onse. Khama lomwe lagwiritsidwa ntchito limapindula munthawi yochepa, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma broiler.
Zomwe mungasunge ma broiler turkeys
Ndibwino kuti musunge ma turkeys ang'onoang'ono mnyumba ya nkhuku.
Zofunikira zoyambirira:
- zinthu zabwino kutentha;
- khola lowuma;
- mwayi wopanda madzi wopanda malire;
- kupezeka kwa mpweya wokwanira.
Nyengo yotentha ndi nthawi yabwino kuyamba kulima nyama zankhuku zapakhomo, ndikupereka mwayi woyenda nawo pabwalo. Osayenera ndi otakata: ma turkeys amafuna malo akulu.
Anthu okhwima msinkhu amatulutsidwa kubwalo la nkhuku kuti adye nawo ma kilogalamu. Ma Broiler turkeys ndi mbalame zoweta kunyumba. Mitundu ina imakula mwakhama ndi makampani akuluakulu azaulimi.
Makhalidwe akunja ndi mawonekedwe apadera
Ma broiler turkeys ndi akulu kukula. Kulemera kwa amuna akuluakulu ndi makilogalamu 20-30. Amayi amakula kukula kocheperako: opepuka kawiri kuposa amuna.
Cholinga chachikulu chobzala nkhuku zopangira nyama ndikupeza nyama yabwino kwambiri. Kupanga mazira ndichizindikiro chofunikira, komabe, osati chachikulu. Kuyamba kwa kuikira, kulemera, kuchuluka kwa mazira omwe amapezeka zimadalira mtundu wa turboys zokha.
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane momwe tingadyetsere nyama zopangira nyama kunyumba. Ndibwino kudyetsa akulu kanayi pa tsiku. Ma broiler nthawi zonse amafunika kutsegula kwa wodyetsa, apo ayi padzakhala onenepa. Kutsata zakudya ndikofunikira. Kusankha mosasintha kwa nthawi yodyetsa kumadzetsa kusowa kwa chakudya. Kuukira kwa njala kumatsagana ndi kukwiya, nkhanza za mbalame.
Mitundu yamiyala
Chinsinsi chobereketsa bwino nkhuku zonenepa ndi njira yokhayo yosankhira njira zosungira mtundu winawake. Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya ma broiler turkeys.
- Kuwala kumafalikira. Osapitirira 15 kg. Amuna amalemera pang'ono kuposa akazi - pafupifupi 10 kg pa nyama. Anthu olimba omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi matenda, akazi amakhala ndi mazira ochuluka kwambiri. Izi zikuphatikiza mtundu wa Norfolk, Bestville, White Dutch.
- Ma broilers apakatikati. Anthu opindulitsa kwambiri, olemera makilogalamu 16. Izi zikuphatikiza ma turkeys aku Moscow ndi North Caucasus.
- Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa broiler. Kulemera kwa amuna akulu kumafika makilogalamu 30. Amayi amakula kakang'ono kawiri - 12 kg. Magawowa akuphatikiza azungu aku Canada aku chifuwa chachikulu, ma bronzes aku Canada, akulu 6.
Alimi ambiri ali ndi ufulu wosankha pakati pa mitundumitundu ya nkhuku zam'deralo. Ndiolimba kwambiri. Ma broiler osakanizidwa samapitilira gawo la 10 kg lolemera.
Zowonjezera kwambiri komanso zofunidwa pakati pa ziwembu zapakhomo ndi mitundu yolemetsa:
- Nkhuku yachiwerewere ya ku Canada. Mtunduwo udasinthidwa mwa kusankha mosamala. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yazakudya zimadyedwa. Zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala ndi nyambo zosiyanasiyana, ma vitamini complexes. Kunenepa kukuchitika mwachangu. Patatha mwezi umodzi ndi theka, anapiyewo amafika pa 5 kg. Pambuyo wina ndi theka - okonzeka kupha nyama. Kutsekemera kwazimayi kumayamba miyezi isanu ndi inayi, kuchuluka kwa mazira omwe amaikidwa pachaka amafika zidutswa 200.
Ma turkeys aku Canada omwe amakhala ndi mawere ambiri amawerengedwa kuti ndi akulu kwambiri pakati pa mitundu ina yoyambilira kukula. Kulemera kwa mwamuna wamkulu kumatha kufikira makilogalamu 30 kuyambira miyezi itatu.
- Woyamwa kwambiri. Amuna amalemera makilogalamu 25, akazi - 11 kg. Ali ndi chiwongola dzanja chapakati. Ali ndi miyezi isanu, mwana wankhuku amalemera makilogalamu 7. Oimira mtunduwo amakonda kudya. Akazi amakhala ndi mazira ochuluka kwambiri - mazira 100 pachaka, 90% mwa iwo amabereka anapiye atsopano.
- Yaikulu 6 - mtundu wocheperako wa mitanda yolemera yakunyumba, idabadwa mu 2007 ku UK. Ili ndi chiŵerengero chodabwitsa cha kulemera kwathunthu kwa thupi ndi kuchuluka kwa nyama yoyera. Zizindikiro zakunja zimafanana ndi zoyera zazikulu pachifuwa, kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndikofanana ndi Canada. Pakatha miyezi itatu, imatha kufikira zaka zakupha. Kulemera kwake kumatha kukhala makilogalamu 30.
Momwe mungadyetse turkeys ndi broiler turkeys kunyumba
Kudyetsa ma broiler Turkey poults kunyumba ayenera kukhala chakudya chapadera, mwachitsanzo, chakudya cha zero. Lili ndi zinthu zonse zofunika m'thupi. Pambuyo masiku 14, kusintha kosalala kwa zosakaniza za anapiye akukula kumayamba.
Kuwongolera makonda amtundu wa nyama ya Turkey kumatha kupezeka mwa kuphatikiza mafuta a mpendadzuwa, acorn, ndi mafuta anyama pamadongosolo azakudya zawo zatsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa cha zowonjezera izi, nyama imakhala yofewa komanso yofewa.
Pakatha milungu iwiri, phala losweka ndi tirigu zimangowonjezedwa pang'onopang'ono pachakudya. Mchenga wamtsinje, zipolopolo zosweka, choko chithandizira magwiridwe antchito amatumbo. Nthawi zina mumatha kumeta anapiye ndi phala la mkaka wowawasa, mbatata yophika ndi chinangwa. Ndikofunika kupera zonse bwinobwino musanapereke chisakanizo ku turkeys - chakudya chochuluka chimatha kutseka njira zowuluka, ndipo mbalame imwalira.
Kuyambira ali ndi miyezi itatu, zakudya zamtundu wa nkhuku ziyenera kukhala ndi mbewu zotsatirazi:
- tirigu (50%);
- balere (20%);
- chimanga (10%);
- mapira (10%);
- chakudya chamagulu (10%).
M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zatsopano zimatha kusinthidwa ndi nthambi za mitengo ya coniferous (spruce, fir, pine) ndi udzu.
Ndikofunika kuti achikulire, pamodzi ndi ma broiler ang'onoang'ono, adye masamba ambiri osiyana siyana - anyezi, lunguzi, nsonga za karoti, beetroot, masamba a kabichi. Mbewu iliyonse yamasamba idzachita.
Makhalidwe a kuswana ndi kulima
Tizilombo tatsopano tomwe timaswedwa kumene timasungidwa m'chipinda chotentha. Ndikofunikira kusunga kayendedwe ka kutentha kwamasabata awiri oyamba (22-25 degrees Celsius). Thanzi la anapiye limatengera kukhalabe malo abwinopo. Odyetsa akuyenera kukhazikitsidwa, kupatula kutuluka kwa magulu pakati pa anapiye, apo ayi ofooka adzasowa chakudya kapena adzangoponderezedwa.
Madzi oyera ndiofunikira pakusamalira ma broiler abwino... Omwe akumwa zingalowe ndi mawere ali oyenera.
Omwe amamwa mawere, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ndi madzi osungunuka kudzera pa valavu, samatseka, samathetsa madzi osayenda, ndipo kangapo amathandizira kusamalira nkhuku za msinkhu uliwonse.
Nyumbayo iyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Ma poults a turkey amasamutsidwa kupita kumsewu patatha milungu iwiri. Tsopano mukudziwa za kuswana ndikusunga ma turkeys kunyumba.
Kupewa matenda a nkhuku
Broiler turkeys ndi mbalame zomwe zimatha kudwala matenda am'mimba. Njira zodzitetezera:
- Katemera wokakamizidwa;
- maantibayotiki.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwakukula
Kukula kwa turkeys kumakhala ndi zabwino komanso zoyipa. Muyenera kuwaganizira mwatsatanetsatane.
Ubwino:
- yokometsera Turkey nyama organic, lili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri, ndiyotchuka chifukwa chokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, ndizakudya;
- mazira a broiler turkeys amakhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kukoma;
- kuswana kwa malonda kumalipira mwachangu. Nyama imawerengedwa kuti ndi yosowa komanso yotsika mtengo;
- oweta odziwa amadziwa: kuswana ndikugulitsa kwina kwa zinthu zaku Turkey kulibe zinyalala. Mutha kugulitsa nthenga, pansi, mazira, nyama, anapiye azaka zilizonse.
Zovuta
- zikhalidwe zapadera zosungira nyama zazing'ono, chiopsezo chachikulu chofa;
- Achichepere amafuna kukhala kutali ndi nkhuku zina chifukwa cha matenda, anapiye amanyazi;
- amakonda kunenepa kwambiri, popewa kupewa, amadyera kwambiri.
Ndemanga za alimi
Intaneti ili ndi malo ambiri opangira kuswana kwa ma broiler turkeys. Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti bizinesi ndiyopindulitsa kwambiri, mtengo wa chakudya umalipira pogulitsa ma turke awiri mwa khumi.
Banja lathu lakhala likulera nyama zam'madzi kwa zaka zopitilira ziwiri. Kwa nthawi yoyamba adatenga ma tochi khumi kuti ayesere, ngati zingayende bwino - palibe amene adadwala. Kwa miyezi iwiri adadyetsedwa ndi chakudya chapadera cha "Turkey" Provimi ", pambuyo pake ndi chakudya cha broiler PK-4. Ataganiza zoyamba kuswana, kukayikira zingapo kunabuka nthawi yomweyo. Koma tidachita mosadandaula! Chaka chotsatira, anapiye 35 adatengedwa nthawi yomweyo, m'modzi yekha adamwalira patatha tsiku limodzi. Mfundo yofunika: ma broilers akula kwambiri!
Muyenera kuvutika, ndikofunikira kuyesetsa konse. Ubwino waukulu wamafuta ndi nyama yambiri! Pambuyo pa nkhumbazo, nkhuku zimawoneka ngati nkhunda. Ndinkasangalala kwambiri kuweta. Mbalame imodzi inkalemera makilogalamu 15-17. Zokwanira kudyetsa banja, ndipo ndizotheka kugulitsa nthawi yomweyo.
Alimi ena ayesetsanso mitundu ina ya nkhuku, monga zosakaniza za nkhuku. Ma broilers amwezi amakula athanzi, mpaka kufika makilogalamu 25 polemera.
Oyang'anira mabizinesi omwe amachita kuswana kwa ma broiler ali otsimikiza: njira zopangira malangizo sizifunikira kutsatira mosamalitsa, mbalameyi ndi yolimba komanso yopanda ulemu. Ana a mbalame zazikulu zathanzi amatha kupezeka ndi kuyesetsa. Zaka zambiri zakudziwana bwino ndizodziwika bwino, mawonekedwe osunga ma broiler turkey adatsimikizira oweta - bizinesi ndiyofunika kuyesetsa.