Mtengo wa apulo ndi mtengo wobala zipatso. Olima minda amakonda mitengo imeneyi chifukwa ndi yosavuta kuyisamalira komanso kukolola moolowa manja. Kudzera mu chisamaliro choyenera ndi pomwe mungapeze zotsatira zabwino. Mukakolola, ndikofunikira kusankha feteleza woyenera ndikupatsanso mitengo ya maapulo mchere ndi mavitamini a nyengo yotsatira. Chotsatira, tikambirana za momwe tingadyetsere bwino ndi kuthira feteleza mitengo yamaapulo kumapeto kwa zipatso.
Chifukwa chiyani mtengo wa maapulo umadyetsa nthawi yachilimwe?
Ndi kulakwitsa kukhulupirira kuti palibe chifukwa cha feteleza nthawi yophukira mutakolola zipatso. Pakugwa, mtengowo, kaya ndi apulo, peyala kapena mtengo wa maula, umayenera kuchira msinkhu wake wokula. Kudyetsa mtengo wa apulo nthawi yogona sikofunikira kwambiri. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukonzekera mtengo wa apulo m'nyengo yozizira.
Asanadye, mitengo iyenera kuthiriridwa bwino kuti isawononge mizu. Zomera zazing'ono ziyenera kuthira umuna mosamala kwambiri. Osati zosakaniza zonse zomwe zingagwire ntchito, zina zitha kuwononga kayendedwe ka akavalo osalimba.
Kuvala pamwamba kudzakuthandizani kukwaniritsa zolinga izi:
- mitengo idzalekerera chisanu mosavuta;
- mchaka, mitengo imasowa michere yomwe imatha kupezeka mu feteleza;
- athandizira kaphatikizidwe ka protein-carbohydrate kamene kamapezeka mkati mwa chomeracho;
- mulingo woyenera wa zosakaniza zovuta zimapatsa mitengo zinthu zomwe amafunikira.
Ndi liti pamene ndibwino kudyetsa mitengo yaying'ono
Kuvala pamwamba kumathandizira kulimbitsa chomera, kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Migwirizano yantchito - kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kuti mitengo ya apulo ikhale ndi nthawi yokwanira kupatsa mavitamini ndi mchere isanayambike chisanu. Izi zithandiza kuti mtengo ubereke zipatso zabwino nyengo ikubwerayi.
Dothi lozizira sililola kuti mizu igwire bwino ntchito.
Mizu siimayamwa zakudya msanga. Zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kuti mitengo ya maapulo izindikire zofunikira kuchokera pakudya. Chifukwa chake, mu Ogasiti, nthaka ikakhala yotentha, mitengo izitha kupeza zinthu zofunikira nyengo yachisanu.
Momwe mungathira manyowa apulo nthawi yophukira?
Mkhalidwe wa nthaka umadalira mtundu wa mavalidwe apamwamba omwe asankhidwa. Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa acidity kwa nthaka kumatsimikizika. Kukolola kocheperako kumatha kuyambitsidwa ndi acidity yambiri kapena kukhathamira kwa nthaka.
Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa acidity, phulusa lamatabwa, ufa wa dolomite, laimu wosalala, choko amawonjezeredwa panthaka. Izi zithandizira kukonza nthaka m'mbali yazu. Ndi mchere wambiri m'nthaka, peat ndi utuchi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zachilengedwe mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala
Mu ulimi wamaluwa, kuphatikiza kwama organic nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi feteleza woyambira.
Slurry amalimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito panthaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Kuti mupange chisakanizo, tengani chidebe (mbiya). Thirani 1/3 ndi manyowa, kenako mudzaze ndi madzi pamwamba. Muyenera kulimbikira masiku atatu, ndikuyambitsa chisakanizo chake nthawi ndi nthawi. Njira yothetsera vutoli imasakanizidwa ndi madzi (mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 5, ngati zitosi za nkhuku zatengedwa - 1: 10). Madzi otere amatsanulira pamwamba pa thunthu kapena dzenje.
Manyowa amatengedwa limodzi ndi zofunda za udzu, koma ndizotheka popanda izo. Manyowa oterewa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha atatenthedwa kwambiri. Manyowa atsopano sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pa mitengo yobala zipatso. Kutentha kwa manyowa kumatuluka pakatenthedwa, motero, mizu ya chomerayo imatha kuwonongeka.
Mullein imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati feteleza. Ndikofunika kupanga chisakanizo cha ndowe za ng'ombe ndi madzi (mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 10).
Mullein amatha kukonza nthaka. Koma muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito mosamala kuti pasakhale vuto lililonse pamizu yochuluka ya manyowa.
Ndowe za mbalame zimatha kukonza korona wa mitengo ya apulo. Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito owuma kapena mawonekedwe olowetsedwa. Kuti mupeze yankho, zitosi za mbalame zimasakanizidwa ndi madzi (mu chiyerekezo cha 1:15). Muyenera kulimbikira sabata kapena masiku khumi.
Phulusa lili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Monga chovala chapamwamba, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chouma komanso chosungunuka.
Peat imayamwa bwino chinyezi, potero imakulitsa nthaka ndikukhazikika kwanyontho wake.
Manyowa amchere
Phosphorus ndi feteleza wa potashi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kugwa kudyetsa mitengo yobala zipatso. Zimapindulitsa pakatha nyengo yokula. Amapangidwa ndi mankhwala ndipo amaphatikiza michere ya zomera ndi nthaka. Manyowa amchere amapezeka kwambiri.
Ndalama za Potash zimabweretsedwamo kugwa kuti athe kulowetsedwa ndi masika. Amathandizira kukulitsa zipatso za mtengo, kukula kwake komanso kusintha kukoma kwa zipatso. Feteleza itha kuthandiza mitengo yaying'ono ya maapulo kuti ilimbe.
Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa calcium, zipatso sizisungidwa bwino, ndipo masamba amayamba kufota, amawonekera mawanga achikasu ndi achikasu.
Manyowa a phosphate ndi abwino kulimbikitsa mizu ya mitengo yaying'ono. Amathandizanso pakupanga zipatso. Manyowa a phosphate samasungunuka m'madzi, choncho amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokumba bwalo lapafupi kapena zitsime.
Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa phosphorous, zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono, masamba amakhala obiriwira mdima ndikugwa msanga.
Mavalidwe apamwamba a Foliar m'dzinja
Ndi njira iyi, feteleza amapopera masamba a mitengo, osati pansi pa muzu. Ma mbale a Leaf amatha kuyamwa komanso kuyamwa michere msanga. Zotsatirazi zitha kuwonetsedwa kale tsiku lachitatu, koma zikhala milungu itatu yokha.
Feteleza ngati ameneyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito chomeracho chikapatsidwa michere yosowa. Ndibwino kuti muzichita zosakaniza nthawi zonse (kawiri pa nyengo). Nthawi yoyamba - popanga masamba; nthawi yachiwiri - pamene mtengo wa apulo ukuphuka.
Kuvala kwamagulu kumafunika kusungunuka m'madzi
Mukamadyetsa phosphorous, superphosphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imasungunuka bwino m'madzi, chifukwa chake imayenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha. Pambuyo pake kuti kuchepetsedwa kwa anthu 3%.
Mukamadyetsa potaziyamu, njira 1% ya potaziyamu sulphate imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kukonzekera kovuta kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kudyetsa masamba. Mwachitsanzo, zimalimbikitsa. Lili zinthu humic, potaziyamu, phosphorous, nayitrogeni, komanso zinthu zofunika (mkuwa, nthaka, manganese).
Kusakaniza kwa mizu
Feteleza saikidwa pansi pa thunthu, koma mkati mwa utali wozungulira masentimita 50 kuchokera pamenepo. Padzakhala mphukira zochepa zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimayamwa feteleza.
Mitengo imayenera kuthiridwa ndi 2% yothetsera sulphate yamkuwa kuti iteteze zowola, nkhanambo. Feteleza amathiridwa mozama m'mizere ya thunthu lamtengo. Nthaka ikadzaza ndi peat, tsamba louma, utuchi kapena singano.
Momwe mungadziperekere mankhwala azitsamba
- Kuvala yisiti. Amatha kusintha kukula ndi chitukuko cha mitengo yaying'ono ya maapulo. Mukamwetsa mitengo ikuluikulu, njira yothetsera yisiti imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti mupange yankho, sungunulani 0,5 kg ya yisiti ndi magalasi atatu a shuga m'madzi ofunda (9 l). Njira yothetsera vutoli idakakamizidwa sabata limodzi. Musanagwiritse ntchito, phala la yisiti limadzichepetsedwa ndi madzi mu 0,5 l mpaka 10 l madzi. Pa mtengo uliwonse wa apulo, 2-3 malita osakaniza amadya.
- Kuvala pamwamba ndi phulusa. Sakanizani phulusa 2 kg ndi malita 10 a madzi. Kusakaniza kumaphatikizidwa kwa tsiku limodzi ndipo nyengo yowuma imayambitsidwa m'nthaka. Mtengo uliwonse wa apulo - 2-3 malita osakaniza.
- Potaziyamu permanganate solution. Imakhala ndi mphamvu yochiritsa pazomera, kuyimitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu. Kamodzi pamwezi, mitengo ikuluikulu imathiriridwa ndi yankho.
Chisamaliro chapamwamba ndi chisamaliro cha mitengo yobala zipatso chimapereka zotsatira zake. Wolima dimba adzalandira mphotho ya ntchito zake: nthawi yachilimwe mundawo udzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa okongola, ndipo nthawi yotentha ndi nthawi yophukira mundawo udzakhala ndi zipatso zabwino.