Palibe chomera chilichonse chomwe chingalimidwe chomwe chimakula bwino popanda zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi photosynthesis ndi umuna. Ndipo tomato amaphatikizaponso. Alimi amachita zonse zomwe angathe, pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera a feteleza kuti akolole kwambiri. Apa ndipomwe calcium nitrate imathandizira, yomwe imathandizira acidity ya nthaka. Ndibwino ngati kuvala muzu mchaka ndi masamba kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula. Uwu ndi mtundu wa "zomangira" pakapangidwe kazitsulo ndi chitetezo chokwanira ku majeremusi ambiri ndi matenda. Tidzakambirana za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito feteleza tomato, nkhaka ndi tsabola m'mundamo munkhani yathuyi.
Kapangidwe ndi cholinga cha mankhwala kashiamu nitrate
Calcium nitrate ndi mchere wosakanikirana ndi asidi wa nitric ngati ma granules kapena makhiristo omwe amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi mchere, umakhala wosakanizika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, poteteza fetereza, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonetsetse kulimba kwa zomwe zilipo. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumapangidwa ndi 19 peresenti ya calcium ndi 13% ya nayitrogeni. Ndi michere yapadera yomwe ndiyofunika kwambiri pazakudya zabwino kapena kudyetsa mbewu zolimidwa.
Olima dimba ambiri amalakwitsa poganiza kuti calcium siyofunikira panthaka monga phosphorous kapena potaziyamu. Komabe, saganiziranso kuti ndi gawo ili lomwe limathandizira kuyamwa kwa nayitrogeni, komwe kumafunikira nyengo yokula. Poganizira kuti feteleza ali ndi nayitrogeni wambiri, izi sizimakhudza acidity ya nthaka. Chifukwa chake, zovuta ngati izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu uliwonse wa nthaka. Nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito calcium nitrate kungokhala njira yofunikira yopititsira patsogolo nthaka yolemera ya podzolic kapena soddy-podzolic yokhala ndi acidity yambiri.
Phindu lalikulu logwiritsa ntchito izi ndizowonjezera calcium. Izi zimathandizira kuti tomato azitsuka, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mizu.
Pamalo okhala ndi acidic, saltpeter imatsitsimutsa tomato, kuyamwa magnesium ndi chitsulo mopitilira muyeso, zomwe zimakhumudwitsa nyengo yokula.
Ubwino ndi zovuta zodyetsa nkhaka, tomato ndi tsabola
Makhalidwe abwino a feteleza ndi awa:
- mathamangitsidwe a photosynthesis, omwe akuwonetseratu momwe tomato alili;
- kulimbikitsa kukula kwa greenery ndikufulumizitsa chitukuko cha nkhalango. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zovuta zotere, zipatso za tomato zimawonjezeka kwambiri;
- Mukalimbitsa nthaka ndi calcium nitrate, mbewu zimaphuka kale kwambiri;
- chifukwa chakukhudza mizu ya chitsamba cha phwetekere, chomeracho chimakula msanga;
- kuwonjezera kulimbikira kwa tomato ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndi majeremusi;
- kukulitsa kukhudzana kwa mbeu yolimidwa mpaka kutentha kwambiri;
- kukonza kuwonetsa zipatso ndikuwonjezera mashelufu;
- kukonza kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa tomato.
Chosavuta chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito calcium nitrate ndizowononga umuna mwachindunji pamizu kapena masamba a tchire. Koma izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati pangakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kapena mosayembekezereka kwamavuto azakudya. Ngati mutsatira malangizo onse oti mugwiritse ntchito, sipangakhale zovuta ngati izi.
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito m'munda
Malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito calcium nitrate, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza kumapeto kwa nthaka, nthaka ikamakumbidwa. Sikoyenera kudyetsa nthaka nthawi yophukira, chifukwa chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, nayitrogeni idzatsukidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti calcium siyidzayamwa. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yachilimwe, umuna ndi wofunika kwambiri kwa tomato. Ngati ndi kotheka, kapangidwe kake kitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira masamba mzaka khumi zoyambirira za nyengo yokula.
Tiyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti kupopera mbewu za tomato kumachitika pokhapokha maluwa ake asanayambe. Chifukwa chake muyenera kuchepetsa mankhwalawa moyenera. Nthawi yokwanira ya phwetekere ndi sabata yoyamba mutabzala tchire panja.
Ngati malo obzala mbewu zolimidwa ndi acidic, nitrate mu granules imatsanulidwa molunjika mdzenje pobzala mmera pamlingo wa supuni imodzi ya feteleza pachitsamba chimodzi.
M'mbuyomu tinanena kuti muyenera kuthirira feteleza moyenera, apo ayi mutha kuwononga chomeracho. Komanso, pagawo lililonse lokula ndi kukula kwa phwetekere ili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Tidzakambirana za izi mwatsatanetsatane pansipa.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito saltpeter kwa mbande molondola
Kuti mupeze mbande zabwino za phwetekere, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsedwa ndi calcium ndi nayitrogeni. Gawo loyamba likufunika pakukula kwa mizu, ndipo yachiwiri kumera mbewu zabwino. Ndipo ngati izi sizikwanira, ndiye kuti mbewu zimakula.
Popeza kuti mbande za phwetekere ziyenera kudyetsedwa m'njira yovuta, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito yankho ngati chovala chapamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, saltpeter imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi.
Calcium nitrate ndi yofunikira kwa mbande za phwetekere... Kuphatikiza apo, kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika pambuyo poti masamba atatu oyamba am'maluwa awonekera. Pachifukwa ichi, m'pofunika kukonzekera zotsatirazi: 10 g ya calcium nitrate, 5 g wa urea ndi 50 g wa phulusa la nkhuni amatengedwa kwa malita 5 a madzi. Koma njirayi iyenera kutsanulidwa mosamala pansi pa muzu, ikafika pamwamba pamasamba, imatha kutentha.
Feteleza tomato mutabzala mbande
Pokonzekera kubzala mbande za phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha, nthaka imakonzedwa ndi yankho mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito ndendende, kutsatira momwe mungayang'anire, apo ayi muwononga mbande.
Kuti mupeze yankho, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito 50 g wa nitrate pa 5 malita a madzi. Kupanga koteroko kumateteza zomera ku tizirombo tambiri, mwachitsanzo, nkhupakupa ndi slugs, komanso matenda amtundu wowola.
Ngati tomato ayenera kubzalidwa m'malo otenthetsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni isanachitike maluwawo.
Zinthu zomwe zapezeka mpaka pano zithandizira kuthengo, ngakhale kutha kudya ndi calcium nitrate.
Zolembedwazo zimagawidwa mofananamo muzomera zonse. Njira iyi ya umuna imatchedwa kudya masamba.
Ntchito yayikulu yamchere yamchere imagwiritsidwa ntchito patatha masiku khumi mutabzala mbande, ndiyeno kamodzi pa theka la mwezi mpaka ovary ikuwonekera. Komanso, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kake, popeza ma nitrate amatha kudziunjikira zipatso. Ndipo izi ndizovulaza kwambiri anthu.
Njira zachitetezo mukamagwira ntchito ndi chida
Calcium nitrate si mankhwala owopsa. Ndizotetezeka mwamtheradi ku thanzi la munthu ndi moyo. Feteleza sayambitsa thupi lawo siligwirizana. Malinga ndi gulu, ali m'gulu lachinayi lazinthu zochepa zoopsa.
Mukamagwira ntchito ndi calcium nitrate tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zovomerezeka zovomerezeka... Pankhaniyi, magolovesi a mphira oteteza khungu amakhala okwanira. Ngakhale sipadzakhala vuto lina lililonse pokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa mopanda kanthu. Koma ndi bwino kusewera mosamala ndikuchepetsa ma granules ndi magolovesi.
Calcium nitrate iyenera kusungidwa phukusi losindikizidwa, kutali ndi zinthu zomwe zimayaka, zopangira alkaline, ndi makina otenthetsera.
Kugwirizana ndi mankhwala ena (potaziyamu ndi ammonium nitrate)
Ndizoletsedwa kusakaniza saltpeter ndi choko, laimu, dolomite, manyowa, phosphates, utuchi, udzu ndi zinthu zina zamagulu, monga chisakanizocho chimatha kudziyatsa.
Imodzi ndi yankho la nitrate, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito urea ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Zigawozi zimagwirizana bwino ndipo zidzakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse bwino zotsatira za feteleza tomato. Potaziyamu (potaziyamu) nitrate imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino yokha.
Sitikulimbikitsanso kuphatikiza nitrate ndi superphosphate yosavuta, kuphatikiza feteleza omwe ali ndi sulfure ndi phosphorous.
Ntchito yayikulu ya wamaluwa aliyense ndi kupeza zokolola zabwino komanso zokoma. Koma chifukwa cha izi ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito molimbika, pokhapo ngati khama lanu lipinduladi. Pankhaniyi, tikukamba za kuthirira feteleza m'munda ndi ammonium nitrate, yomwe imalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mizu, zimayambira ndikuteteza chitsamba ku tizirombo ndi matenda ambiri.
Koma apa muyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo onse ogwiritsira ntchito. Ngakhale mankhwalawa alibe poizoni, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kolakwika kapena mosayembekezereka kumatha kuwononga chomeracho komanso thanzi la anthu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito saltpeter pambuyo powonekera ovary, zipatsozo zimatha kudziunjikira nitrate zovulaza thupi. Ndipo kusatsata mlingo wa mankhwala kumatha kuyambitsa kutentha kwa masamba. Samalani ndipo khalani tcheru kugwiritsa ntchito saltpeter pazabwino zokha.