Hazel wamba ndi shrub yokhazikika, mpaka kutalika kwa 10 mita. Zotere shrub ili ndi mankhwala... Chifukwa chake, anthu amatchedwa hazel hazel.
Kufotokozera za hazel wamba
Chomeracho ndi cha banja la hazel. Masamba a Hazel ndi akulu, okhala ndi mapiri osongoka, ofiira nthawi yophukira... Makungwa a shrub ndi bulauni ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa. Pali mizu yamphamvu yomwe imakula msanga m'nthaka.
Mutabzala, shrub imakula pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono ikukula. Maluwa amapezeka masamba asanatuluke, kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mphete zimapangidwa pamitengo pafupifupi 5-7 cm, ndi osakwatiwa ndipo amatola zidutswa zingapo pamodzi. Chipatso chake ndi mtedza woboola pakati womwe umakhala mumkondo wobiriwira. Zipatso zimapsa kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mpaka mtedza 20 ukhoza kupangidwa m'mbewu, koma mtedza 2-5 ndiofala kwambiri... Shrub imayamba kubala zipatso m'zaka 8. Shrub iyi ndi chiwindi chotalika, msinkhu wake imatha zaka 100, ndipo imagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.
Hazel amalekerera mthunzi modekha, koma imakula ndikukula bwino m'malo owunikira.
Mwachilengedwe, hazel imapezeka ku Russia, Caucasus, ndi Crimea. Pali mitundu yoposa 10.
- Hazel wamba
- Wofanana ndi mtengo
- Zazikulu
- Chimanchu
- Zosiyanasiyana
- Nyanga
Mtengo wamtengo
Ndalandira dzina la bere nut. Mtengo mpaka 20 mita kutalika, 8 mita m'lifupi... Makungwa a tchire ndi otuwa ndipo amatuluka m'm mbale. Imakula pang'onopang'ono. M'dzinja, masamba amasanduka achikasu. Zipatso za mtengo wa mtengo zimagawika m'magawo akuthwa. Shrub ndi wodzichepetsa, imalekerera chilala, ndipo imasinthasintha nyengo iliyonse.
Mtedza wa Lombard
Chitsamba cha hazel chachikulu (Lombard nut) ili ndi nthambi zotuwa mpaka 15 mita kutalika. Masambawo ndi aakulu, otetedwa. Amalekerera bwino chisanu. Nthawi zambiri amakula ku Balkan.
Manchurian hazel
Ndi shrub yokhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu yambiri, ali ndi mbiya kutalika kwa 3 mpaka 7 mita... Makungwa a hazel ndi abulauni, masamba ake ndi ozungulira, ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Zipatso ndi mtedza wonyezimira. Shrub ndi yolekerera mthunzi ndipo imagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu. Amapezeka ku Primorsky ndi Khabarovsk Madera.
Zosiyanasiyana hazel
Dothi lalikulu kwambiri mpaka 4 mita kutalika... Masamba amasintha mtundu. Wobiriwira chilimwe, wofiira masika, wachikasu nthawi yophukira. Shrub imakonda kuwala, imatha kulekerera mthunzi, imagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, imalekerera chilala. Iyamba kubala zipatso msanga. Kukula mu Urals, Far East ndi Siberia.
Nyanga yopanda nyanga
Imakula mpaka 3 mita kutalika. Ali ndi korona wobiriwira komanso masamba achikaso chowulungika... Linatchedwa ndi chipatso chomwe chimafanana ndi nyanga. Amakula ku North America.
Kapangidwe ndi maubwino a mtedza
Mtedza, wotchedwa mtedza, ndiwo amakonda kwambiri mtedza. Mitedza amaonedwa kuti ndi mtedza wamtengo wapatali komanso wokoma, chopatsa thanzi kangapo kuposa buledi ndi mkaka.
Mitedza imakhala ndi zinthu zopindulitsa, zakudya zowonjezera mphamvu komanso mphamvu, ndipo imapindulitsa mavitamini ndi mchere.
Zambiri mwa zipatsozi zimapangidwa ndi mafuta, gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a mapuloteni ndi ma amino acid. Mtedza uli ndi mchere wambiri:
- Potaziyamu
- Phosphorus
- Mankhwala enaake a
- Sodium
- Mkuwa
- Chitsulo
Mankhwala onse omwe adatchulidwa amadzaza thupi ndi mphamvu. Mafuta a Hazelnut amakhala ndi zidulo zomwe zimatha kuteteza mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Kukula ndikukula kwa thupi, mtedzawo umathandiza ana, komanso okalamba kuti akhalebe ndi thanzi labwino... Kuphatikiza apo, mtedza uli ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kuyeretsa thupi, kuchotsa poizoni. Mavitamini amateteza mawonekedwe a khansa. Pazamankhwala, zipatso, masamba, makungwa, mizu imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Hazel ndi mankhwala otsegulitsa m'mimba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potsekula m'mimba. Kutsekemera kuchokera ku khungwa la mtengo kumatha kukhala ngati mankhwala a mitsempha ya varicose.
Kufalikira kwa mtedza kuphika... Mtedzawu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale zosiyanasiyana ndipo umaphatikizidwanso pazinthu zophika.
Kukonzekera kozikidwa pa Hazel kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology. Mafuta ndi msuzi wa masamba a mtedza amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tsitsi.
Koma, pamodzi ndi zinthu zothandiza, pali zotsutsana... Muyenera kudya mtedza wocheperako, apo ayi zingayambitse mutu komanso kusokonezeka.
Kudzala ndi kusamalira mtengo
Ndi kubzala kolondola kwa hazel, muyenera kusankha malo aulere, owala ndi dzuwa. Mtengo umakula bwino panthaka iliyonse, sakonda madambo komanso malo amchenga... Musanadzalemo, m'pofunika kukonzekera malo omwe sangadzaze mbande masika akadzafika.
Nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yabwino yobzala, koma mutha kubzala mbande kumapeto kwa Epulo. Ganizirani za mtunda pakati pa mitengo ikamakula osachepera mita zisanu. Pokolola, m'pofunika kubzala zitsamba zitatu kapena kupitilira apo, zitsamba zapakati pa mungu.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti shrub yokha siyimabala zipatso.
Musanadzalemo, muyenera kugula mmera wachichepere, mutha kukumba m'nkhalango. Konzani dzenje pokumba ndi fosholo, kukula kwa 80 x 80 cm ndi kuya kwa 80 cm... Humus, dothi lakuda la feteleza limayambitsidwa mu dzenje lililonse, ndikusakanikirana ndi nthaka. Pangani dzenje kuzungulira mbande ndikutsanulira ndi madzi. Pambuyo pake, kuphatikiza ndi utuchi kapena udzu kumachitika.
Mutabzala, shrub yaying'ono iyenera kuthiriridwa, namsongole, kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza, ndikuchizidwa ndi tizirombo. Mutabzala shrub wachinyamata, ndikofunikira kumasula nthaka ndi madzi, makamaka nthawi yotentha nthawi yotentha. Mtengo wachikulire sufuna chisamaliro chochuluka, ndikofunikira kudulira zipatso zabwino. Mukamagula, muyenera kusamala ndi mbande, mbande, zimabala zipatso zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, mtedzawo ndi wocheperako... Hazel amakula m'nkhalango zosakanikirana bwino, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Hazel wafika ponseponse ku Russia, Caucasus, Europe, ndi Primorsky Territory.
Kubereka ndi kulima malamulo
Njira zoberekera ndi zamasamba komanso mbewu. Njira yambewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito polima mbande. Pofesa, mtedza wakucha amatengedwa, amafesedwa nthawi yomweyo mukakolola mu Seputembala.
Zitsamba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimafalikira motere:
- Zigawo
- Ma Rhizomes
- Katemera
- Pogawa tchire
- Zodula
Pofalitsa mwa kulongedza mphukira zazing'ono zimapindika ndikuzika pansi, osang'amba tchire. Chilichonse chiyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kuti zisawononge masamba, omwe adzapatse mphukira zazing'ono.
Kukula kwachilengedwe chomeracho chimapezeka mchaka chachitatu mutabzala mbande. Mphukira zoposa zana zimapangidwa mu shrub imodzi, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka. Patulani ma rhizomes atatu a chilimwe m'mbali mwa tchire pogwiritsa ntchito chikwaniso, fosholo kapena hacksaw. Mphukira imakhala ndi mizu yofooka, imabzalidwa mu dzenje limodzi, zidutswa zitatu chilichonse. Ndipo m'minda yazomera amakula pafupifupi zaka ziwiri kuti alimbitse mizu.
Hazel imafalikira pogawa tchire... Shrub yozulidwa idagawika magawo angapo kuti chitsa chilichonse chikhale ndi mizu. Mutabzala, kutsirira kambiri kumatsatira, kuti muthengo mukhale ndi moyo wabwino. Kale mchaka chachitatu, mbande zotere zimayamba kubala zipatso.
Kufalitsa ndi kumtenganitsa, cuttings amakololedwa m'dzinja, ndikusungidwa pamalo ozizira. Kukhometsako kumachitika mchaka cha bumbu, pakhoma kapena kuseri kwa khungwa. Khungwa lomenyera limayamba bwino. Katemera amapangidwa ndi varnish wam'munda wokutidwa ndi zojambulazo. Pambuyo pakuphulika, kanemayo amachotsedwa.
Mitengo ya Hazel imazika mizu m'nyumba mozama kwambiri... Ndikofunika kudula mbande masentimita 10 kutalika, kuchotsa masamba apansi. Pambuyo pake, konzani mchenga, peat, nthaka ndi humus. Cuttings amabzalidwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi nthaka yonyowa pansi pa kanemayo. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, mizu ikayamba kuwonekera, kanemayo amachotsedwa.
Kukolola
Kukolola kwa hazel kumachitika mchaka chachitatu, pomwe tchire limayamba kubala zipatso mu Seputembara.
Kukhwima kwa chipatso kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kupeza kwa chipolopolo chachikaso ndikukhetsa.
Pogwedeza mtengo, mtedza wosagwa uyenera kupatsidwa nthawi yakupsa. Mtedza ukakhwima siwoyenera kudya anthu. Ayenera kuyanika kwakanthawi m'malo ouma komanso ampweya. Ndibwino kusunga mtedza m'matumba momwe mpweya umadutsa.... Mukamakolola, nthaka imaponderezedwa pansi pa tchire, imayenera kumasulidwa, kuthirira ndi kuthira manyowa pambuyo pake.
Kuwonetseredwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Kuwonetsedwa ku matenda ndi tizirombo ndi matenda a hazel ndizosowa kwambiri. Pali tizirombo tambiri tchire:
- Aphid
- Chishango
- Beevil kachilomboka
Zipatso zowonongekazo zimathiridwa ndi mbozi zochuluka kwambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kachilomboka... Masika akabwera, amadya masamba, pambuyo pake amaikira mazira. Mphutsi imapezeka mkati mwa mtedza, womwe umafinya zonse zomwe zili mkatimo. Polimbana ndi tizirombo, m'pofunika kupopera tchire mutatha maluwa ndi yankho la ma chlorophos kapena mankhwala ena. Masitepe akutengedwa kuchotsa masamba ndi mtedza wowonongeka pafupi ndi mtengo.
M'minda yam'munda, mtengo wobiriwira komanso wokongola kwambiri ndizosowa, ngakhale shrub ndi yotchuka. Shrub ili ndi mfundo zambiri zamankhwala, ndipo nkhuni ndizofunika kwambiri mu mipando ndi mafakitale... Kuphatikiza apo, shrub ndichinthu chokongola m'munda uliwonse, makamaka nthawi yamaluwa.