Pachikhalidwe, alimi adabzala mbatata m'mabowo, koma njira ina yobzala mbatata ikudziwika pakadali pano. Uku ndikubzala kwa tubers m'mapiri. Ndipo njirayi yatchuka kwambiri pazifukwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbatata zingabzalidwe pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi kale kwambiri kuposa m'mabowo, popeza palibe chifukwa chodikirira mpaka dziko lapansi litatenthedwa, chifukwa ndiye kokha kansalu kakang'ono ka sod kamagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso zitunda zimatenthetsa mwachangu padzuwa, zomwe zimapangitsa zokolola kukhala zabwino.
Kudzala mbatata muzisa ndi dzanja
Njirayi ndiyabwino kwambiri chifukwa imathandizira kutsika pamanja palokha. Nthaka ikhoza kukonzedwa kale ndondomekoyi isanachitike. Thirani phulusa pabedi lamtsogolo ndikukumba bwino kuti feteleza asakanikirane.
Zingwe ziyenera kugawanika Masentimita 40... Chifukwa chake, mizere itatu ikwanira pabedi lamasentimita 120. Ndiwo milu yayitali yapadziko lapansi, momwe muyenera kuyikira tubers wa mbatata, ndikuwayika patali masentimita 30-35 wina ndi mnzake.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti malowa alibe udzu kapena tizirombo.
Ngati namsongole akhoza kungochotsedwa, ndiye kuti zovuta ndi tizirombo ndizovuta kwambiri. Ngati pali tizirombo patsamba lanu, monga chimbalangondo ndi kachilombo koyambitsa waya, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kuthira poyizoni tizirombo pabedi lam'munda ndi feteleza ndikukumba.
Dulani bwino musanadzalemo
Nthaka ikakhala ndi umuna ndikusowa namsongole, ndikofunikira kutero kupanga mapiri a groove Malo ali. Izi ndizosavuta kuchita ndi khasu wamba.
Pamalo omasuka, jambulani ma grooves, ndikuwayika patali ndi 40-50 masentimita... Adzakhala njira pakati pa zitunda. Kenako pangani mgwirizanowo kuti zitunda zikwere pamwamba panthaka.
Kukwezeka chisa kuli bwino. Sikoyenera kukumba njirazo, motero kuzipanga. Ndikofunika kuti muthe kusanjikiza pamwamba, chifukwa kwatha kale ndipo ndikofunikira kubzala tubers.
Kukonzekera kwa tuber
Tubers, musanadzalemo njirayi, muyenera sankhani mosamala... Mbatata ziyenera kukhala zopanda ming'alu ndi kukula kwake.
Mbatata zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zabwino kubzala ndi njira yokhotakhota. kukula kwa dzira la nkhuku... Ma tubers amayenera kusiya m'malo amdima kuti amere pang'ono. Mitundu ya tubers yomwe imamera kwambiri siyabwino kubzala ndi njirayi.
Musanadzalemo, tubers ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala motsutsana ndi matenda a mphukira.
Momwe mungamere mbatata
Kubzala mbatata m'mipata kudagawika magawo angapo:
- Kukonzekera kwa nthaka ndi umuna.
- Kukonzekera kwa tuber.
- Mapangidwe a Ridge.
- Kudzala mbatata.
Bedi likapangidwa kale, mutha kupita kukabzala. Kuti muchite izi, pamwamba pa lokwera, ndikofunikira kuyika ma tubers patali ndi Kutalika kwa 30-35 cm ndikuwaza ndi nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito manja anu. Ngati nthaka yauma, mutha kuthirira mutatha.
Chisamaliro
Kusamalira mabedi kuyenera kuchitidwa chimodzimodzi ndi njira yachizolowezi, i.e. kuzula namsongole kumasula... Ndiponso, mphukira zikawoneka (masiku 20-25 mutabzala) za 7-10 masentimita, mabedi amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, kutenga magalamu awiri a mankhwalawo pachidebe. Nthawi yomweyo, mutha kuthira zitunda ndi feteleza aliyense wamadzi.
M'nyengo youma, zitunda ziyenera kuthiriridwa. Kwenikweni, amathiriridwa kamodzi pamwezi nyengo yabwino komanso kawiri pamwezi m'malo ouma.
Ndiponso, mphukira za mbatata zikawonekera, m'pofunika kumasula mabedi ndikuwaza ndi nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito khasu. Pambuyo mvula, amayenera kubwezeretsedwanso ndi khasu, kuwabwezeretsa kumaonekedwe awo akale.
Kukolola
Mbewu ziyenera kukololedwa kumapeto kwa nyengo (kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - koyambirira kwa Seputembara), mutachotsa nsongazo pamabedi kutatsala milungu iwiri kuti mukolole. Izi zidzathandiza kuti tubers zipse.
Zosonkhanitsazo zimachitika popanda kuthandizidwa ndi njira iliyonse - pamanja. Kuti muchite izi, zisa zimangokakamizidwa kupatula, kumasula mbatata. Chifukwa chake, zokololazo zimachitika munthawi yochepa osachita khama.
Mbatata zokolola ziyenera kukhala youma ndikuchotsa mabala apadziko lapansi... Ndikofunika kusunga mbewu m'malo amdima komanso ozizira. Mwachikhalidwe, mbatata zimasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba.
Mukakolola, muyenera kusamalira manyowa kumtunda kwa chaka chamawa. Chifukwa chake, udzu ndi masamba zimayikidwa pakati pa zitunda. Ndipo nthawi zambiri singano zimayikidwa pa iwo. M'nyengo yozizira, udzu udzaola, potero umakankhira nthaka.
Kufikira ukadaulo waku Dutch
Njirayi imapereka zokolola zochuluka kuposa zachikhalidwe. Chodziwika bwino chake chimakhala chakuti mutabzala, mbatata zimachotsedwa m'mizere zikamera ndi kusankhidwanso.
Kubzala koyamba kumera kwa tubers kumachitika wandiweyani kwambiri... Mbatata ziyenera kubzalidwa pafupi kwambiri.
Mbatata yotuluka osankhidwa ndi kubzala m'mizere, Kuyika tubers pamtunda wa masentimita 30-35 wina ndi mnzake, kukonkha nthaka. Zisa ziyenera kukhala zazitali masentimita 30.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njirayi
Njira yobzala m'mbali mwake ili ndi zabwino komanso zoyipa zonse.
Ubwino:
- Zokolola zambiri, poyerekeza ndi njira yodzala tubers.
- Dzikoli silikutha, chifukwa chaka chilichonse mutha kusinthasintha malo okhala zitunda ndi njira.
- Zisa zimatenthetsa bwino, potero zimawonjezera zokolola.
- Njirayi imalola kulowa mu oxygen kuzu la mizu, motero chitukuko chikuyenda mwachangu.
- Palibe chifukwa chodzaza mabedi nthawi zambiri.
- Ndi mpweya wambiri, mizu ya mbatata siyiyola, popeza chinyezi chowonjezera chimatsikira tsetse; komanso, posowa chinyezi, zitunda zimalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa madzi pakukula kwa mizu.
- Chifukwa cha zitunda, chisanu chimasunga bwino m'nyengo yozizira, chomwe chimapereka chinyezi chabwino m'nthawi yamasika.
Zoyipa:
- Kufulumizitsa kuyanika kwa nthaka, komwe kumabweretsa kuthirira kosalekeza ndi zinyalala zambiri pamadzi.
- Osayenera dothi lowala, popeza nyengo yamkuntho amasokonekera, ndikuwonetsa tuber. Malo oterewa akukhala osauka msanga ndipo amafunika kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse ngati feteleza. Nthaka yotayirira imadzetsa namsongole ndi tizirombo, zomwe zimakhudza zokolola za mbatata.
Kodi ndizotheka kubzala osati pamanja
Ngakhale njira yobzala ndiyosavuta, itha kutheka ndi ukadaulo.
Chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito thalakitala yoyenda kumbuyo kupanga zitunda... Kuti muchite izi, poyenda kumbuyo kwa thalakitala, muyenera kuyenda pabedi, pomwe mawilo adadutsa, njira zimapangidwira, ndipo pakati pawo pali mizereyo. Mbatata, pambuyo pa njira iyi yopangira zitunda, zimabzalidwa ndi manja.
Mukabzala mbatata, amapitanso m'mabedi ndi thalakitala kumbuyo kuti aphimbe tubers ndi dothi.
Ndipo amagwiritsanso ntchito wosangalatsa, popeza kubzala ndi chipangizochi sikotsika mtengo komanso kosavuta.
Phukusi la zida limaphatikizapo zinthu monga:
- Kuthamanga - popanga mizere;
- Wogulitsa - kudyetsa tubers;
- Wogulitsa - amapanga nthawi zosinthira mbatata;
- Hiller - kuphimba tubers ndi nthaka.
Kwenikweni, zida zothandizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudera lalikulu.
Njira yobzala mbatata yatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa komanso kupepuka. Alimi ambiri akhala akugwiritsa ntchito njira yaku Dutch kwanthawi yayitali, makamaka kuti akolole zokolola. Zachidziwikire, monga njira iliyonse, ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zoyipa zake. Koma ali ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa zoyipa.