Lero tikambirana za mitundu itatu ya maula: M'mawa, Yakhontovaya ndi Malakhovskaya. Mitunduyi, monga ina, imadziwika ndi mizu, masamba, mawonekedwe a zipatso, ndi zina zambiri. Mutha kupeza tsatanetsatane pansipa.
Mbiri yakubereketsa mitundu
Mbiri yakukula kwa Morning zosiyanasiyana imayamba ku All-Russian Institute of Selection and Technology for Horticulture and Nursery podutsa mitundu ya Skorospelka Krasnaya ndi Renklod Ullensa. Kenako, Yakhontovaya analengedwa ndi kusankha Eurasia-21 ndi Smolinka. Mu nthawi ya 1971-2007 panali Anapanga maula a Malakhovskaya ku Michurinsky Garden mwa ena.
Kufotokozera zamitundu, zabwino ndi zoyipa
Mlimi aliyense amakhala ndi chidwi ndi zabwino ndi zovuta za mitunduyo asanabzale.
- Phindu la Mmawa limaphatikizapo kudzidalira. (musapange thumba losunga mazira mutatha kuyendetsa maluwa osiyanasiyana ndi mungu), fruiting nthawi zonse, kucha msanga, kukana tizirombo ndi matenda. Pali zovuta zochepa: chiwopsezo cha nyengo yozizira.
- Yakhontova amaona ngati kukana kuzizira ngati mwayi.. , fupa limatsalira mosavuta kumbuyo kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Palibe zolakwika zomwe zapezeka.
- Malakhovskaya buluu, monga mitundu yapitayi, imakhala ndi chisanu cholimba, imakhala ndi zipatso zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimasangalatsa mtengo wa eni ake. Zosiyanasiyana zilibe zovuta.
Madera okwera bwino
Central Morning imawerengedwa kuti ndi dera labwino lofikira.... Malinga ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, m'malo monga Siberia, kulima zamitunduyi sikutheka. Mu zina, ndizofanana, zomwe tidzakambirana. Kwa mitundu ina iwiri malo ofikira chilengedwe chonse, yomwe singatchulidwe kuphatikiza.
Kudzala mbande ndikusamalira maulawo
M'mawa
Mbande zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika... Amabzalidwa mu dzenje lakuya masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi atatu mpaka makumi asanu ndi anayi m'mimba mwake. Malowa ayenera kukhala padzuwa. Manyowa omwe amapezeka mosavuta pamtunduwu ndi manyowa.... Timatenga makilogalamu khumi ndi asanu. Osati mwatsopano konse! Choyamba, iyenera "kukonzedwa" pamtengo. Apa timawonjezera theka la kilogalamu ya superphosphate iwiri kapena kilogalamu imodzi wamba, magalamu zana a potaziyamu mankhwala enaake kapena kilogalamu yamtengo phulusa.
Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amalimbikitsa chaka chilichonse kuthira feteleza ndi urea mgawo la magalamu makumi awiri pa mita imodzi. M'dzinja, amalangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potashi ndi phosphate.
Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa ndikunyowa. Kuti alandire korona, eni ake ayenera sungani mitengo yanu nthawi zonse... Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchotsa akufa, oundana, ndi miyendo yomwe ikulepheretsa kukula kwa ena. Zomwezo zimalangizidwa kuti muzichita ndi mizu ya zomera zina zomwe zili pafupi ndi mtengowo.
Musaiwale za kuthirira, Morning amakonda chinyezi, makamaka nthawi yotentha... Mitengo yotsika mpaka mita ziwiri kutalika imafunika zidebe zitatu kapena zinayi sabata iliyonse, ndipo mitengo ikuluikulu imafuna zidebe zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi. Zima ndiyo nthawi yoyipa kwambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mutha kuthandiza mitengoyo powaphimba ndi dothi ndikugwedeza chisanu kuchokera kuma nthambi, ndikupondaponda pamizu.
Yakhontova
Komanso wabzalidwa koyambirira kwamasika. Malo okwerera ayenera kukhala owala bwino, madzi apansi ayenera kukhala ochepera mita imodzi ndi theka kuchokera panthaka... Ndikofunika kukumba dzenje masentimita makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu makumi asanu ndi anayi m'lifupi ndi masentimita makumi asanu mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi kuya (monga mitundu yam'mbuyomu). Pambuyo pake, mmera umayikidwa ndikudzazidwa ndi nthaka yosakanikirana ndi feteleza wamtundu ndi mchere. Chiŵerengero chiyenera kukhala motere: makilogalamu khumi ndi asanu a manyowa owola (kapena kompositi), kilogalamu imodzi ya potaziyamu mankhwala enaake (kapena kilogalamu imodzi ya phulusa lamatabwa). Kugona zonsezi, musaiwale kugwedeza mmera ndikupondaponda pansi pamizu. Mzu wa mizu, malinga ndi malingaliro, uyenera kukhala pamlingo wa masentimita atatu kapena asanu pamwamba pa nthaka. Kumbani dzenje pozungulira mbande zathu ndikuthirira.
Chidebe chimodzi kapena ziwiri zamadzi zidzakhala zokwanira kuthirira. Kuti nthaka isunge chinyezi, imathandizidwa ndi yankho la peat kapena humus. Wathu kamtengo kakang'ono ayenera kumangirizidwa pamtengo, yomwe timayika mosamala pambali pake, kuchokera mbali yakumpoto, kuti mphepo isasokoneze chomeracho.
Chaka chilichonse muyenera kuthirira nthaka ndi urea mu magawo a magalamu makumi awiri pa mita imodzi, ndipo maulawo atayamba kubala zipatso, onjezerani makilogalamu khumi mpaka khumi ndi asanu a manyowa owola (kompositi), magalamu makumi awiri ndi asanu a urea, magalamu mazana awiri a phulusa. Manyowa a Urea ndi nayitrogeni ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mchaka, komanso feteleza wa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, motsatana, kugwa.
Musaiwale kumasula nthaka panthawi yomwe zipatso zimapsa - izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mukhalebe ndi chinyezi pansi, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kukhala ndi zipatso ndi zipatso.
Nthawi zina laimu wogwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito peresenti ya mazana anayi mpaka mazana asanu ndi atatu magalamu pa mita mita iliyonse. Kusamalira maulawo, amapanga pafupifupi izi: masentimita makumi awiri ndi asanu mpaka makumi anayi thunthu ndi korona, wopangidwa ndi nthambi zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, zoyikidwa munjira yokongola kwambiri komanso yachilengedwe.
Nthawi ndi nthawi pamafunika kudulira nthambi, kuchotsa mafoloko osafunikira, kusintha njira yakukula kuti mupeze zomwe mukufuna monga korona. Chofunika kudziwa ndi chakuti pakatha zaka zitatu kapena zinayi mutayamba kubala zipatso, chotsani nthambiyo pamwamba pa nthambi yoyamba yopanga bwino kuti mupeze korona wofanana ndi mbale... Izi ndizofunikira kuti mumeretse mtengo ndi dzuwa lokwanira. Mukamadula, mfundo zonse zimachotsedwa.
Malakhovskaya
Podzala izi zosiyanasiyana kukumba dzenje makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi... Thirani kilogalamu imodzi ya superphosphate pamenepo, kapu ya laimu wonyezimira, zidebe ziwiri za humus (zaka zitatu mpaka zinayi zokambirana), zoyambitsa ndizoletsedwa.
Phulusa kapena manyowa atsopano sayenera kugwiritsidwanso ntchito. Izi zitha kuwononga mizu yaying'ono, yomwe imabweretsa kufa kwa mbewu.
Mmera umabzalidwa kotero kuti phukusi lomwe mmera wathu unali wofanana ndi nthaka pamalopo. Momwemonso, ndi Yakhontova timangiriza mmera pamtengo. Zosamalira, amalangizidwa kuti azisamalira homom, Bordeaux osakaniza, kwaya, posachedwa, alatar, kinimix, inta-vir, Dyetsani zaka zitatu mutabzala ndi fertika, Azofoskoy, uniflora ndi ena. Chaka chilichonse timagwiritsa ntchito magalamu awiri kapena mazana anayi a laimu, kudula mitengo chaka chilichonse.
Kufalitsa kwa Plum
Njira yoberekera ku plums imachitika m'njira zingapo:
- pobzala mbewu (kupeza mbande);
- inoculation: mphukira zolumikiza zimagulidwa kapena kudula;
- mizu mphukira: dulani muzuwu nthawi yophukira ndikubzala padera;
- mizu yodula: timakumba mizu mtunda wa mita imodzi ndi theka, mu Epulo amabzalidwa pansi pa kanema, kuthiriridwa, ndipo dzinja lotsatira amabzala m'munda.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi Morning... Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi kuwola kwa zipatso, matenda a clasterosporium. Izi ndizambiri Atha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo monga nsabwe za m'masamba ndi njenjete... Tikulimbikitsidwa kukumba nthaka pansi pa zisoti zisanatuluke, kudula ndikuwotcha nthambi zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Ngati zomwezo zidachitika ndi zipatso, muyenera kuziwononga, kenako ndikuchiritsa mitengoyo ndi gawo limodzi la Bordeaux madzi kapena nitrafen.
Yakhontovoy, moniliosis, clestosporium ndi owopsa... Mwa tizirombo ta nsabwe za m'masamba, njenjete, sawflies. Malangizowo ndi ofanana. Mukapeza maluwa "owotchedwa", onetsani mphukira. Ndikukulangizani kuti mugwiritse ntchito kukonzekera kwa Iskra Bio ndi Inta-vir.
Mapeto
Kuchokera pazambiri zomwe zaperekedwa pano, zitha kufotokozedwa mwachidule. Mwa mitundu yonse itatu, ndizovuta kusankha mtundu wabwino kwambiri nthawi zonse: M'mawa simulekerera nyengo yozizira, Yakhontovaya ndi Malakhovskaya atengeka ndi tizirombo tambiri. Zonse zimadalira zokonda zanu malinga ndi mawonekedwe a zipatso, mtengo ndi zina, zomwe sitinatchule pano. Musaiwale za nthawi yobzala. Mukamasankha zosiyanasiyana, ganizirani zenizeni za dera lanu, chifukwa zimatha kukhala zomaliza pamapeto pake. Ndikukufunirani zabwino ndi zokolola zambiri.