Kwa zaka zambiri, alimi odziwa bwino ntchito yawo komanso alimi a magalimoto akhala akulimbana ndi tizilombo tosavulaza komanso tangozi - kachilomboka kakang'ono ka Colorado mbatata, koma sanathe kuuwononga. Koma palibe chifukwa chokhumudwa konse, chifukwa kafukufuku ndi zoyesayesa za asayansi kwa zaka zambiri sizinadutse popanda kanthu. Pofufuza za kachilomboka, asayansi adakwanitsa kupanga mankhwala omwe amatha kupatsira kachilombo koyambitsa kachilomboka ndipo potero amalepheretsa kuwononga mbewuyo. Mankhwalawa amatha kuteteza chomeracho nthawi yonse yokula ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo ake. Amatchedwa "Kutchuka".
Kodi mankhwalawa ndi otani? Tidzayesa kukuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane.
Kusankhidwa kwa kutchuka kwa mankhwala
Kutchuka ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yotsimikiziridwa yolimbana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata ndi tizilombo tina todetsa nkhawa. Kuteteza tubers wa mbatata kwa tizirombo ndi kumapangitsa kukula kwa mbewu.
Chogulitsacho chimaphatikizapo pencycuron ndi imidocloprid... Wopanga woyamba ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo akulimbana ndi matenda a mafangasi. Chachiwiri ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhudza msanga tizilombo. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa, olowa mthupi la tizilombo, amakhudza mwachangu dongosolo lamanjenje ndikuwumitsa. Kenako tizilombo timafa.
Kutchuka kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito polimbana ndi phytofluorosis.
Malangizo a mankhwala akufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Muyenera kuphunzira mosamala. Chinthu chachikulu kukumbukira ndikuti ntchito ya mankhwala imayamba nthawi yomweyo mutabzala tuber yothandizidwa pansi.
Njira yogwirira ntchito ya wothandizirayo
Ndiye chikuchitika ndi chiyani kenako? Mankhwalawa, kulowa m'nthaka yonyowa, amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu, mankhwalawo amafalikira m'nthaka mozungulira mbatata ndipo amapanga "khoma" loteteza.
Chomera chaching'ono chikayamba kumera, chimayamwa wothandizirayu kudzera mumizu, yomwe imagawidwa mozungulira mbatata zomwe zakonzedwa. Kenako zinthu zotetezera zimadutsa m'maselo a mphukira yachinyamatayo ndikuwonetsa ntchito zake:
- imapanga chitetezo ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi yokula
- imayima matenda osiyanasiyana a mafangasi
- Amathandiza tuber wachinyamata kupirira zovuta zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe: kutentha, kuzizira, kusowa kwa dzuwa
Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa, chomeracho chimakulitsa kukula kwake ndipo chimabweretsa zipatso zambiri. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chinthu chakupha, pokhala mu chomera, sichimira m'matumba atsopano... Awo. Poizoni amapezeka kokha kuzungulira tuber yakale yobzalidwa komanso mu mphukira zazing'ono; sichilowa m'matumba atsopano.
Zotsatira za mankhwalawa ku kachilomboka ka mbatata ku Colorado
Chidacho chikuwonetsa zochita za tizirombo:
- kugonjetsedwa kwa kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata kwakanthawi masiku 37 kuyambira nthawi yomwe mphukira zoyambirira zidawonekera
- Kuwonongeka kwa nyongolotsi nthawi yonse yakukula kwa mbewu
- kuwonongedwa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba masiku 39... Muyenera kudziwa kuti nsabwe za m'masamba ndizomwe zimanyamula matenda obwera ndi tizilombo.
- Kuchotsa nkhanambo ndi rhizoctonia nyengo yonse yokula
Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito wothandizira - momwe mungachepetse ndikugwiritsa ntchito
- Konzani kuyimitsidwa molingana ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusi.
- Kenako, kutengera makilogalamu a mbatata, sungunulani kuyimitsidwa m'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, makilogalamu 50 a mbatata - 50 ml ya mankhwala sungunulani malita atatu a madzi.
- Thirani yankho mu botolo la utsi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito botolo lachizolowezi.
- Konzani ma tubers mufilimu yopanda zosakwana zitatu, apo ayi mbatata sizingakonzedwe kwathunthu.
- Utsi, onetsetsani kuti ma tubers onse ali ndi yankho ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, mbatata, itayanika kanthawi kochepa, kutembenukira ku mbali ina ndi kuchitira ndi mankhwala kachiwiri... Izi ndizofunikira kubzala mtsogolo, yankho lake liziwateteza moyenera.
Kukonza molondola kumabweretsa zokolola zambiri. Musamachite mankhwala a mbatata odulidwa.
Konzani kukonza kwa tubers mukamera mbatata
Kukonzekera motere kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kumera kwa mbatata. Masiku 20 asanatsike musanatsike, muyesetsenso.
Mbatata yokonzekera kubzala imatha kuchiritsidwa ndi wowongolera wokulirapo komanso wothandizirana nawo mwachilengedwe. Pamwambapa ayeneranso wokutidwa ndi chinthu zoposa 90%.
Kutchuka ndi zomera zina
Kukonzekera komweko kungatetezenso zomera zina: tomato, biringanya, kabichi, tsabola belu.
Kwa iwo, konzekerani yankho motere:
- Sungunulani 10 ml ya mankhwala mu lita imodzi ya madzi,
- Lembani mizu ya mbande mu yankho kwa maola asanu ndi atatu,
- Kenako fulumirani mbandezo m'nthaka.
Kodi yankho ndilovulaza thanzi
Maganizo osiyanasiyana akhoza kumveka za Kutchuka. Koma zambiri ziyenera kufufuzidwa. Ndibwino kuti muwerenge za mankhwalawa kuchokera pazinthu zingapo pa intaneti musanagule. Ichi sichinthu chachikulu ndipo chingakhale chothandiza kwa inu. Agronomists amalangiza kutchuka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati wothandizira.
"Kutchuka" kuli ndi poizoni wochepa ku thanzi, kumatsimikiziridwa ndi gulu lachitatu, komabe ndi poizoni wakupha ndipo ayenera kusamalidwa.
- mukamanyamula mbatata pakani mosamala m'matumba oteteza
- Gwiritsani ntchito chigoba ndi magolovesi otetezera mukafika, komanso mukamaliza ntchito Sambani m'manja, nkhope bwinobwino ndi sopo ndikutsuka pakhosi... Sinthani zovala
Kutchuka kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kwa tubers zakucha m'mwezi wa Ogasiti, chifukwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito mbatata zoyambirira, Poizoni sadzakhala ndi nthawi yoti achoke m'munda.
The kawopsedwe mankhwala chomera mabasi patatha miyezi iwiri... Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zonse ngati poizoni komanso ngati feteleza.
Ubwino pazofanana
Kutchuka KS kuli ndi zabwino kuposa njira zina zilizonse chifukwa cha izi:
- Mkulu dzuwa la mankhwala;
- Chidachi chimathandizira njira yokula mbatata;
- Popeza mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu yothana ndi kupsinjika, chomeracho chimakula ndikulimbana ndi zovuta zilizonse zam'mlengalenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewu zizikula bwino;
- Low kawopsedwe "kutchuka" - 3 kalasi.
Ndikumaliza kuwunika kwanga pofotokozera za mankhwalawa, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mankhwalawo alidi yogwira ntchito kwambiri zochizira zomera ku tizirombo tosiyanasiyana: nsabwe za m'masamba, ma waya, ma thrip, sawflies, midges, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndipo ngakhale ali ndi poyizoni, bola ngati yasungidwa moyenera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo sikuvulaza kwambiri, koma, m'malo mwake, kumabweretsa zabwino kwa wamaluwa ndi alimi.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndikofunikira kugula kokha kokhako koyambirira kwa Wotchuka.
Ngakhale zosungira ndi mawu nthawi zambiri samasamaliridwa kwambiri, ndizofunikira pamalonda. Muyenera kusunga kutentha kuchokera -20 madigiri Celsius mpaka +40kutali ndi ana ndi nyama. Osasiya pafupi ndi chakudya, madzi, zinthu zoyaka. Alumali moyo wa mankhwala ndi zaka ziwiri.
Pali chida chofanana ndi dzina lake chotchedwa "Prestige", koma nthawi zina chimatchedwa "Prestige" molakwika. Ndiwoteteza ku tizilombo-fungicidal motsutsana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata, wireworm ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a mbatata. Amathandizidwanso ndi tubers asanadzalemo.
Chifukwa chake, okondedwa wamaluwa, tayesera kukuwululira chinsinsi cha mphamvu ya mankhwala "Kutchuka". Inunso, khalani osamala ndi atcheru mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo. Gulani chinthu choyambirira!