Irga ndi chitsamba chodzichepetsa kwambiri. Zipatso zake ndizofunika chifukwa chakuchiritsa, zili ndi mavitamini ambiri. Ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipatsozi kuti muthane ndi matenda angapo, monga: kusowa kwa mavitamini, chimfine ndi matenda a ma virus ndi ena ambiri... Mabulosiwa amadziwika kuti ndi chiwindi chachitali, mosasamala kanthu za malo komanso momwe zinthu zikukula.
Irga imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera. M'chaka, chimamasula kwambiri ndipo chimanunkhira bwino m'munda wonse. Ma inflorescence ake oyera ndi nyambo ya njuchi, ndichifukwa chake mtsogolomo imadzala mungu ndi kubala zipatso. Ndipo kuti mupeze chomera chabwino ndikukolola bwino, muyenera chisamaliro choyenera, kuyambira ndikubzala.
Ndi nthawi yanji yomwe muyenera kudzala irga
Posankha tsiku lobzala, wamaluwa ayenera kuganizira nyengo, zonal.
Nthawi yabwino yobzala mbande mkatikati mwa Russia ndi nthawi yophukira... Isanayambike chisanu choyamba, timitengo tomwe timabzala kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka koyambirira kwa Novembala, timakhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndikupeza mphamvu yozizira.
M'madera akumpoto kwa Russia, kubzala irgi kuyenera kuyimitsidwa masika. Izi ndichifukwa cham'mbuyomu chisanu. Ndipo kumapeto kwa nthaka, nthaka ikayamba kusungunuka pang'ono, mutha kubzala tchire lomwe nthawi yayitali. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa dzuwa ndi masiku otentha, irga imayamba kusungunula masamba ake, osawopsa.
Ndikofunika kuwerengera momwe zingathere nthawi yomwe mudzabzala mbande za zipatso, poganizira momwe nyengo ndi dera likukula. Mukabzala kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, chomeracho chimangozizira. Iyeneranso kubzalidwa koyambirira kwa masika chifukwa cha chisanu chopitilira.
Chofunikira pakupeza zokolola zambiri pazomera ndikutsatira masiku abwino obzala. Ngati nthawi yomalizira kubzala ikasoweka, koma mbandezo zakonzeka kubzala, zimatha kupulumutsidwa mpaka masika pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe ili pansipa:
- Bzalani mu chidebe chodzaza mchenga kapena utuchi, ndi kusunga m'malo ozizira amdima. Bwino ngati ndi chipinda chapansi kapena pogona;
- Kumbani pansi, popendeketsa mbandeyo pamtunda wa madigiri 45 kuchokera panthaka ndikuphimba ndi chisanu m'nyengo yozizira;
- Ndipo njira yotsiriza kukulunga m'thumba ndi kuyika m'malo mwamunda momwe chisanu chachikulu chimayamba m'nyengo yozizira.
Kodi nthawi yabwino yobzala nthawi yachisanu kapena yotentha ndi iti?
Malinga ndi upangiri wa akatswiri, nthawi yabwino kubzala kapena kumuika zipatso zonse ndi mabulosi ndi nthawi yophukira. Ngati mawu ndi malamulo obzala nthawi yophukira akwaniritsidwa, zida zabwino kwambiri zobzala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mbeu yanu imazika mizu.
Ubwino wobzala mitengo nthawi yophukira:
- Kubzala nthawi yophukira ndizovuta pang'ono, popeza kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso umuna sikofunika. Kutha ndi nthawi ya chinyezi chochuluka;
- Zoyenera kwambiri komanso ndi kopindulitsa kugula mbande kugwaNdiye kuti, panthawiyi pamakhala zosankha zambiri zobzala. Masamba omalizira akadali pa mbande, pali mizu yabwino, malinga ndi momwe mungasankhire chomera chathanzi. Komanso, ogulitsa ena amatha kuwonetsa zipatso zakupsa za chomerachi;
- Kudzala chomera nthawi yophukira sungani nthawi ya wolima m'malimwe, chifukwa chake adzatha kugwira ntchito zina zam'munda;
- Chomeracho sichidzawonongeka pang'ono, popeza panthawi ino mpumulo umayamba.
Koma palinso zovuta mukamabzala kugwa. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- Nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndikuzizira kwambiri kwa nthaka, komwe kumatha kuwononga mizu ya mmera;
- M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri mitengo kuwonetseredwa ndi ziwombankhanga;
- Mavuto akulu obzala tchire amatha kuyambitsa mphepo yamphamvu, kutumphuka kwa chipale chofewa, pang'ono kapena kwakukulu kugwa kwa chipale chofewa;
Malamulo ofunikira pokwerera, kusankha mipando
Ngati muli ndi munda wamunda, ndiye mukamabzala irgi, choyamba ndikofunikira kudziwa malo... Chitsamba cha irgi chimakula mwamphamvu pakapita nthawi ndipo chimatenga malo akulu kwambiri m'mundamo, chifukwa chake muyenera kubzala kuti chisasokoneze zipatso ndi mabulosi ena onse m'munda mwanu. Komanso, irgi imakula kwambiri, yomwe pakapita nthawi imawononga tsamba lanu ndikubweretsa zovuta. Kulibwino kubzala irga kwinakwake pakona yamunda. Mtunda woyerekeza kuchokera ku mitengo ina kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 5 mita.
Muyeneranso kulingalira za nthaka yomwe mbeu yanu idzakule. Ngakhale irga ndiwodzichepetsa pamitundu ya nthaka, komabe, sakonda malo apafupi amadzi apansi panthaka, chifukwa mizu imapitilira mita 3-4 ndikulumikizana ndi chinyezi nthawi zonse. Izi zingayambitse mizu yovunda. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kudzala panthaka yopanda chonde. Nthaka zotere zimathandizira pakupanga mizu yochepa.
Mukamabzala irgi, kuunikira kwa tsambalo ndikofunikira, amakonda mthunzi pang'ono... Ndikulimba kolimba, chomeracho chimatambasula kwambiri pakukula, zipatsozo zimakhala zochepa osati zokoma. Amatha kuphulika osakhwima.
Momwe mungamere shrub
Irga imaberekanso bwino mbewu ndi mizu. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera mmera kuti mubzale. Bwino kusankha scion chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri... Muyeneranso kusankha tchire lathanzi, losawonongeka ndi tizilombo komanso losasweka. Mitundu ndi mitundu ya irgi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yofunikira posankha mmera. Mukamabzala mbewu zingapo, ganizirani mtunda pakati pawo mpaka mita ziwiri.
Tanena kale kuti kusankha malo ndi nthaka zimadalira kuwala, kupezeka kwa dothi lachonde, komanso kuchuluka kwa malo ozungulira mtengowo.
Komwe mungayambire kudzala ndi chisamaliro china
Ndikofunika kukumba dzenje pafupi ndi mabeneti awiri a fosholo mkatikati, ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 40 mpaka 60. Thirani nthaka mosamala. Ngalande zitha kuikidwa pansi pa fossa (njerwa zosweka, miyala yaying'ono, slate losweka) kuti chinyezi chisasunthike m'nthaka. Mutha kuwonjezera mchenga, nthaka yakuda kudzenje. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutsanulira nthaka yaying'ono ngati chifuwa pansi pa dzenje, kuti zikhale zosavuta kuyika mmera wathu pamenepo. Timayika irga pachifuwa ichi ndikuwongola mizu pambali pake. Kenako, timaphimba ndi nthaka, koma kuti tisayike malo omwe thunthu limadutsa muzu. Nthaka yoyandikira chomeracho iyenera kuponderezedwa ndikuthiriridwa kwambiri.
Wamaluwa ambiri amalangiza, mutabzala, kudulira mphukira mpaka 15 cmkotero kuti masamba ochepa amakhalabe panthambi.
Tanena kale kuti irga ndi shrub yopanda ulemu. Pamafunika kukonza pang'ono. Chachikulu ndikuthirira pamene chikomokere chadothi chimauma mozungulira mtengo ndikupaka feteleza. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza humus, potashi feteleza, superphosphate ndi organic zosakaniza.
Ngati mwaganiza kudyetsa chomeracho ndi feteleza, kumbukirani kuti simungathe kuthira feteleza pansi pa thunthu ndikudzipangira. Ndikofunika kukumba feteleza theka la mita kuchokera kuthengo, popeza mizu ya chomerayo ndi yayikulu ndipo imatha kulandira feteleza ngakhale patali chonchi. Muyenera kuthirira madzi opopera, osatsanulira mumtsinje umodzi pansi pa muzu, makamaka madzulo.
Kudulira
Chitsamba cha irgi nthawi zambiri chimakula, kotero chimadulidwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kudulira kuyenera kuchitika mchaka, pomwe kuyamwa kwa irgi sikunayambe... Dulani mphukira zowuma kapena zosakula bwino. Mitengo ingapo imachotsedwa pachaka, ndikusiya mphukira zazing'ono m'malo mwawo. Komanso, nsonga za nthambi zimadulidwa ndi masentimita angapo kuti apange chitsamba choyenera, komanso kuti pasakhale kunenepa kwambiri. Amadulanso mphukira zakutsogolo kuti zisawononge mitengo ina yazipatso patsambalo.
Kudulira kumapangitsa chitsamba cha irgi kukhala chosangalatsa komanso kumalimbikitsa zipatso zabwino.
Mukadula nthambi ndi mphukira, m'pofunika kutseka mabala... Izi zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito varnish wam'munda kapena utoto pazinthu zachilengedwe. Dulani nthambi zowuma ndi masamba akugwa ayenera kuchotsedwa pansi pa chitsamba, izi ndizofunikira kuti muteteze chomeracho ku tizirombo tomwe timayamba m'masamba akale.
Kubereka ndi kuziika
Irgu imatha kufalikira m'njira zingapo:
- Mbewu;
- Muzu mphukira;
- Kumezanitsa;
- Zodulira;
- Kugawidwa kwa chitsamba cha uterine.
Mbewu
Mukamabzala ndi mbewu, muyenera kusankha zipatso zopsa kwambiri, zosawonongeka. Tulutsani mbewu. Sakanizani ndi mchenga, chifukwa ndizochepa kwambiri. Mbewu zofesedwa kugwa okonzeka mabedi... Ndikofunika kuti nyembazo zikhale zolimba, ndiye kuti ndizolimba. Muthanso kubzala mbewu mumtsuko wa mchenga ndikusunthira m'chipinda chamdima, nthawi zina mumanyowetsa mchenga. M'chaka, mbande zotere zimabzalidwa pansi.
Muzu mphukira
Popeza irga imatulutsa mizu yambiri yotsatira, njirayi imapezeka kwambiri pakati pa omwe amalima masewera. Mwana wamwamuna wotsatira amakumba mosamala kuchokera mbali ya mtengo wamayi kuti adule muzu womwe umalumikiza chitsamba chachikulu ndi mwana... Kenako, timasamitsa mmerawo pamalo atsopano obzala ndikuuika m'manda omwe anakonzedwa kale.
Kuphatikiza
Katemera ndi imodzi mwanjira zovuta kwambiri kuswana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi alimi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa. Katemera amatha kuchitika mchaka, madzi atayamba... Rowan ndiye woyenera kwambiri kugulitsa.
Zodula
Kwa cuttings, mphukira zazing'ono zimadulidwa, pafupifupi 20 cm. Zidutswa zazing'ono zimadulidwa kuchokera masamba, koma awiri apamwamba atsala... Ndikofunikira kusunga zinthu zakubzala kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kothandiza kuthana ndi vuto. Kenako timawaika m'mchenga mpaka masentimita 10. Phimbani ndi kanema. Ndikofunika kuti mchenga usaume, nthawi zina umatsegula kanemayo kuti uulutsidwe. Pambuyo pa cuttings mizu, ayenera kuziika ku malo okhazikika.
Pogawa chitsamba
Pogawaniza chitsamba chachikulu, mutha kupeza mbewu zingapo zokonzedwa bwino, zozika mizu. Kuika koteroko kumachitika nthawi yachilimwe, isanatuluke, kapena kugwa, masamba akaphuka.... Kwenikweni, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mukafunika kubzala tchire kuchokera kumalo ena kupita kwina.
Mapeto
Irga imapezeka pafupifupi m'munda uliwonse. Izi ndichifukwa choti chomerachi sichodzichepetsa pakulima, chisamaliro ndi kubereka. Kutengera malamulo onse aukadaulo waulimi, onse wamaluwa amalandila zokolola zambiri za mabulosiwa.zomwe zimabweretsa zabwino zambiri paumoyo wamunthu.