Tomato Dubrava amadziwika ndi wamaluwa kwa zaka zambiri motsatira ngati m'modzi mwa "akale" odziwika kwambiri. Mitunduyi idalimidwa ku Russia kuyambira nthawi ya USSR. Tomato wa Dubrava ali ndi maubwino ambiri: zokolola zambiri, kukana matenda. Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, zabwino ndi zoyipa, njira zosamalirira nkhaniyi.
Kufotokozera kwa phwetekere Dubrava
Wamaluwa ambiri pamndandanda wonse wamitundu ya phwetekere amakonda kusankha omwe safuna wowonjezera kutentha, kutsina, zingwe ndipo safuna kukonza mosamala. M'modzi mwa oyimirawa ndi phwetekere la Dubrava.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
Malinga ndi malongosoledwe, chitsamba cha phwetekere chimakhala chochepa ndipo chimatha kutalika kwa masentimita 50-65. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafunikira malo okwanira kuti ikule. Pa tchire limodzi, pamafunika dera la 30: 40cm. Chitsamba chokwanira, chokongoletsera chimatha kulimidwa m'munda komanso pazenera ndi khonde.
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, chomeracho chimatha kubala zipatso zopitilira 2 kg pachitsamba chilichonse. Zipatso zofiira kwambiri zimafikira magalamu 50-100.
Dubrava ankaona phwetekere-sing'anga kucha... Tomato amawoneka kuyambira mphukira zoyambirira mpaka kukhwima kwathunthu mkati mwa masiku 80-95. Zosiyanasiyana sizinafotokoze bwino nthambi, chisonyezero chabwino cha zokolola ndi tchire lokhala ndi 3-4 zimayambira. Mawonekedwe a masamba ndi ochepa, obiriwira mopepuka.
Tomato amasangalala ndi chinyezi komanso kutentha. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa zokolola kumadziwika, bola ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa. Phwetekere imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, kotsekemera komanso zouma zouma.
Zipatso ndizovuta, amakongoletsa bwino mayendedwe. Ngati chipatsocho chimadulidwa musanakhwime, ndiye kuti pakatha masiku angapo chimacha. Zosiyanasiyana ndizoyenera kukonza, kumalongeza, timadziti, kumwa kwatsopano.
Ubwino ndi kuipa
Ubwino waukulu mitundu ndi:
- kukhwima msanga;
- chisamaliro chosavuta;
- kukana kusintha kwa kutentha;
- zokolola zambiri;
- itha kubzalidwa popanda kumangiriza.
Zochepa zosiyanasiyana zowona kuti simungalimbe mbewu panthaka. Chomeracho chimabereka kokha mothandizidwa ndi mbande.
Ndemanga za phwetekere
Malinga ndi ndemanga za wamaluwa, ndibwino kunena kuti palibe chovuta kukulitsa mitundu ya Dubrava. Ngati mukuyerekeza ndi mitundu yambiri yaku Europe, mitunduyo ndiyosavuta kusamalira.
Phwetekere Dubrava amalimbana bwino ndi matenda monga matenda oopsa mochedwa ndi khansa ya bakiteriya. Pali madandaulo akuti masamba a phwetekere amatembenukira chikasu ndipo pali kuthekera kwakuti tizilombo tiziukira tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Zosazindikira za phwetekere
Kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha kumaloledwa, koma muyenera kudzala msanga. Kutentha kwa mpweya usiku sikuyenera kutsika pansi pa madigiri 5, apo ayi mbande ziuma.
Njira yobzala Dubrava
Kuti mubzale mbeu, muyenera kugula mchenga wapadera, womwe umagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito magawo omwe atsalira pambuyo pa mbewu zina: zukini, greenery.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda musanaigwiritse ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kumiza mu uvuni ndikuyatsira.
Mbewu za mbande ziyenera kufesedwa kumapeto kwa Marichi. Komanso tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiganizire malo omwe ali: kumadera akumwera - koyambirira, zigawo zakumpoto - pambuyo pake. Pofesa mbewu, muyenera kukonza pulasitiki kapena peat chidebe, kuti aliyense akhale ndi mabowo pansi kuti amwetsere mbande.
Mukamakonza mbewu, ndibwino kuti muziwathira ndi chowonjezera ndi kuwathira mankhwala mu 2% yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Njira zokonzekera zoterezi zimathandizira kuti mbewu iphukire mwachangu ndikutchinjiriza kumatenda.
Njira yosankhira nyemba zoyenera: muyenera kuziviika mumchere wamchere (supuni 1 pa galasi lamadzi). Mbeu zomwe zamira pansi ndizoyenera mbande.
Kubzala ndikukula malamulo mbewu:
- ikani nyemba m'nthaka mpaka 2 cm;
- moisten nthaka ndi sprayer;
- tsekani bokosilo ndi mbande ndi zojambulazo kapena galasi ndikuyika padzuwa (t 25C);
- zikamera ndi masamba 4-6, mbande zimatha kubzalidwa m'nthaka.
Mbandezo zikafika masiku 50-60, mutha yambani kupita nayo panja kuti mukalimbe (T 15-20C)
Gawo ndi sitepe njira zokula zosiyanasiyana munyumba yachilimwe
Kubzala pansi kumachitika kutentha kwa nthaka osachepera 15C. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti palibe chisanu usiku. Kutsika magawo:
- ndibwino kudzala tomato wa Dubrava pomwe zukini, nyemba, masamba amadyera kale;
- malo yenera kukhala kuyatsa bwino;
- 1 sq. osapitirira 4 tchire la phwetekere lomwe labzalidwa pa mita;
- Mbande amaikidwa m'manda masentimita 10 m'nthaka. Chomeracho chidzadzuka chokha;
- masiku 14 oyambirira omwe mukufuna thirirani mbande zochuluka.
Chisamaliro
Chofunika kwambiri ndikuteteza chilala cha phwetekere. Tomato wa Dubrava amakonda chinyezi. Sakufunikira kumanga tchire ndikuchotsa ana opeza.
Ndikofunika kuti udzu udzu nthawi ndi nthawi kumasula nthaka. Musanabzala mbande, mutha kusamalira nthaka ndi chisakanizo cha sopo ndi nitroammophoska kuchokera ku botolo la kutsitsi.
Njira zowononga tizilombo komanso matenda
Chizindikiro cha thanzi la mbewu ndi mtundu wa masamba. Ngati mbande imayamba kusanduka chikasu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tomato samva bwino. Muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa tchire:
- ngati pali masamba ofiira pamasamba, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa nayitrogeni;
- masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikudetsedwa - kusowa kwa zinc;
- masamba amasanduka achikasu ndipo amakhala ndi utoto woyera - kusowa kwachitsulo.
Tizilombo tofala kwambiri ta tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi ntchentche zoyera. Amawoneka ngati ntchentche zoyera, amakhala pansi pamunsi pa tsamba, amadyetsa zitsamba zam'madzi, kuzifooketsa. Komanso, whitefly ndi chonyamulira cha mavairasi.
Muyenera kulimbana ndi tizilombo motere:
- popachika matepi omatira mu wowonjezera kutentha;
- utsi wowonjezera kutentha ndi kulowetsedwa kwa zitsamba: dandelion muzu, adyo, peel peel;
- Kuchita mankhwala: Aktellik, Aktara, Pegasus, Akarin, Fitoverm.
Wina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - scoop... Ikugunda kupulumutsa, masamba, maluwa, zipatso. Monga njira yodzitetezera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitsamba ndi infusions a calendula, burdock, chowawa. Mankhwala amathandizanso: Alatar, Iskra M, Fitoverm.
Medvedka pa tomato amaluma pa mizu ndi zimayambira, kuletsa chipatso kukula. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Bingu, Mphamvu, Medvetox. Amayikidwa m'manda molunjika m'nthaka. "Fitoverm" ikuthandizira kulimbana ndi ma nematode, ndipo "Iskra M" kapena "Kemifox" idzakupulumutsani ku postlein mineral.
Tomato Dubrava ndi mbewu yobala zipatso, mwayi womwe ndi kukoma kwabwino komanso kukana matenda. Khalani ndi zokolola zochuluka!