Anthu ena ali ndi katsabola m'munda wawo ngati namsongole. Sadziwa komwe angabisalire ndi zobiriwirazo, kuti asapange nyundo zina zolimidwa. Ndipo anthu ena amatuluka thukuta kwambiri kuti akule ndikupeza zokolola zabwino za masamba obiriwira komanso onunkhira.
Vutoli limatha kugona m'malo akulira obiriwira, komanso kubzala mbewu moyenera. Kuti timvetse nkhaniyi, ndi bwino kuganizira chilichonse mwatsatanetsatane.
Ndikosavuta bwanji kulima katsabola panja komanso wowonjezera kutentha
Kawirikawiri, katsabola ndi chomera chodzichepetsa ndipo sikoyenera kutsatira zofunikira zilizonse kuti mupeze zokolola. Komabe, pali mitundu ina yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wobiriwira wobiriwira, wobiriwira komanso wonunkhira bwino.
Katsabola kamatha kubzalidwa m'malo otenthetsa, ngakhale nthaka yotseguka imakhalanso yachilendo.
Chachikulu ndikuti dothi ndilo chonde ndi chuma chazinthu zofunikira, kunali kuunikira kokwanira ndi chinyezi. Chomerachi chimakonda kuwala, chimafuna kuwala kwa maola oposa 12 patsiku kuti chikhale ndi masamba obiriwira.
Nthawi zambiri, wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kukonzekera ndikukula mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, kenako ndikuzibzala panja ndikutentha.
Kukonzekera mbewu
Kuti mukolole masamba obiriwira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mukonzekere nyembazo musanadzalemo:
- Ikani nyembazo pansi pa cheesecloth mu chidebe chagalasi kwa mphindi zingapo ndipo mudzaze ndi madzi otentha, koma osapitilira madigiri 60, apo ayi aphika.
- Kenako, pasanathe masiku atatu, nthanga ziyenera kumera m'madzi kutentha. Momwemo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musinthe madzi maola asanu ndi atatu aliwonse... Chifukwa chake, mutha kuchotsa mafuta ofunikira omwe amachepetsa mbande.
- Pamapeto pake, nyembazo ziyenera kuyanika ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala.
Mbewu zomwe zimayandama mumtsuko wamadzi ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Simungathe kuwataya, koma gwiritsani ntchito zokometsera... Koma sioyenera mbande.
Pankhaniyi, sitidikira kuti mphukira ziwonekere. Popeza kubzala mbewu kumakhala kovuta. Ngati sanaponyedwe bwino mu mzere, mbandezo zitha kuwonongeka kapena kusiya kwathunthu.
Kufesa katsabola kwa amadyera panja ndi wowonjezera kutentha
Katsabola kamatha kulimidwa kuthengo komanso wowonjezera kutentha. Komanso, wamaluwa ambiri amalangiza kumera mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, kenako ndikuziika m'munda wamasamba... Izi zidzakulitsa kwambiri zokolola zamasamba ndikudzipezera nawo nyengo yonse.
Kubzala m'malo otenthetsa
Mukangosankha katsabola kofananira ndikukonzekera nthaka yachonde, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kubzala mbewu:
- Muyenera kukonzekera mbewu. Iwo zilowerere masiku awiri mumtsuko wamadziKusintha madzi maola awiri aliwonse. Izi zithetsa mphamvu yamafuta ofunikira, ndipo mphukira zoyamba zidzawonekera koyambirira.
- Nthaka yomwe ili m'mabokosi ndiyosamala chonyowa ndi kumasulidwa.
- Ndikofunika kupanga mapulawo okhala ndi mtunda pakati pawo 0.15 m.
- Sikoyenera kutseka mizere ndi dothi. Kudzakhala kovuta katsabola kudutsa. Nthaka imakonkhedwa pang'ono pa nthakazo kenako ndikuthiridwa ndi chopopera.
Ngati mukufuna kubzala mbewu mwachindunji munthaka wowonjezera kutentha, mutha kuziwaza pa tsambalo, kenako ndikutseka ndi chofufumitsa. Koma pakadali pano zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri panthawi yomwe tchire laphulika likuyenda.
Kufika pamalo otseguka
Kubzala mbewu za katsabola ndikulimbikitsidwa mu May kapena April... Izi zimatengera nyengo. Pankhaniyi, grooves amapangidwa akuya zosaposa 20 mm.
Kwa mita imodzi mita ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito pafupifupi magalamu awiri a mbewu... Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukhala ndi tchire pafupifupi 20, poyang'ana mtunda pakati pa mbeu 50-70 mm.
Maluwa amathanso kubzalidwa m'mizere. Koma pakadali pano, muyenera kuwadutsa patatha milungu iwiri kumera. Mitengo yolumikizidwa sikuyenera kutayidwa kutali, ndiyabwino kusamutsira kumalo ena ngati mbande.
Katsabola ndi chomera chosazizira. Ali bwino chingathe kupirira kutentha madontho -4 madigiri Celsius. Ndicho chifukwa chake zingabzalidwe m'nthaka kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Kusiya nthawi yomweyo mutabzala
Katsabola, ngakhale chomera chodzichepetsa, koma kuti mukwaniritse zokolola zabwino, muyenera kuzisamalira:
- Tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira amadyera ngati pakufunika, pafupifupi 1-2 nthawi pasabata... Sungani dothi lonyowa komanso lisaume kwambiri.
- Dziko lapansi nthawi zonse limayima kumasula, popewa kupanga kutumphuka pansi pa chitsamba.
- Namsongole ayenera kutulutsidwa atangotuluka, kuti asasokoneze kukula kwa greenery.
- Mizere imakhala yabwino nthawi ndi nthawi spud.
Malamulo okula pakama
Kukula katsabola kutchire kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe ake. Apa muyenera kusankha malo oyenera ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, manyowa. Kupatula apo, katsabola amakonda nthaka yachonde.
Poterepa, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa pakuwunikira malo omwe greenery idzakule.
Kuwongolera kutentha ndi kuyatsa
Ngakhale katsabola kamatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -4 digiri Celsius, imakondabe kutentha.
Kuti mbeu zimere ndi mphukira zoyamba kuwonekera, kutentha kuyenera kuperekedwa mkati + 3 + 5 madigiri... Koma ndibwino ngati zingatero + 17 + 20 madigiri... M'mabedi amdima, mudzapezanso zokolola, koma zimatenga nthawi yambiri ndipo utoto sungakhale wolemera.
Masamba obiriwira komanso olemera amapangidwa masana pamaola 10-12, pomwe kuwonekera kwa mbewu zabwino kwambiri, nthawi iyenera kuwonjezeredwa mpaka maola 16 patsiku.
Kupalira ndi kumasula
Kupalira ndi kumasula nthaka yomwe katsabola amakulira kumachitika ngati pakufunika... Ndikofunika kupewa kupindika nthaka ndikumasula nthawi zonse.
Kusapezeka kwa namsongole kumalola kuti tchire likule msanga, chifukwa sadzatha kutenga michere m'nthaka ndikudetsa mbewu zomwe zamalidwa.
Amafunika feteleza m'gawo lokula mwachangu
Ngati katsabola kabzalidwa m'nthaka yachonde, kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta zowonjezera kumatha kupewedwa. Pomwe munda ulibe mikhalidwe yotere, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
Zomera zowonjezera kutentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zibwezeretsenso nthaka kawiri pamwezi. ammonium nitrate kapena peatkufalikira pansi penipeni pa chitsamba. Chowonadi chakuti katsabola alibe nayitrogeni wokwanira chidzawonekeratu nthawi yachikasu ikawonekera pamasamba.
Ngati tikulankhula za kudyetsa nthaka ndi feteleza, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira mita iliyonse yayitali pafupifupi 4 kg ya manyowa kapena 5 kg ya manyowa.
Kukolola
Mutha kusankha masamba Kukula kwake konse... Koma pokolola ndi kusunga katsabola, ndikofunikira kusankha nthawi yina asanapangidwe inflorescence. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kutalika kwa tchire kumafika 0,3 m.
Nthawi yokwanira yokolola ndi m'mawa nthawi yomweyo mame atatuluka. Ngati mutenga masamba masana, kutentha, masamba a masambawo amatha.
Mutha kulima amadyera m'malo owonjezera kutentha komanso m'munda. Palibe kusiyana kwakukulu pankhaniyi, zofunikira sizikhala zofanana. Koma sizovuta kuzikwaniritsa. Nthaka yachonde, kuyatsa kokwanira ndi chinyezi. Kuyesayesa kocheperako ndipo mumapatsidwa masamba amadyera chaka chonse.