Olima minda ambiri adayamba kulima modabwitsa wokongola Gordovina viburnum. Shrub ndi wachibale wapafupi wa viburnum wamba... Kalina Gordovina amathanso kukhala ndi mayina ena: akumverera kapena Mediterranean.
Kufotokozera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya viburnum Gordovina
Mitunduyi imachokera ku Asia (kumwera chakumadzulo), Kumpoto. Africa, Europe. Shrub ndi ya banja la honeysuckle. Kumtchire, chomeracho chimafalikira m'malo ofunda: Zap. Europe, Transcaucasia, Dera la Leningrad, Siberia, Crimea, madera aku Asia. M'madera ozizira, Kalina Gordovina amalimbana bwino ndi gawo la chomera chokongoletsera malo... Atha kulimidwa bwino m'malo ambiri. Ndi madera otentha okhaokha ndi Far North omwe sanasankhidwe. Chomeracho sichitha kumtunda ndipo sichisamala posamalira. Mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, shrub imasungabe zipatso zonyezimira zakuda ndi masamba ofiira ofiira.
Shrub ndi yolimba, ikukula mpaka mamita asanu kutalika. Ili ndi korona wandiweyani wokhala ndi m'mimba mwake mpaka mamitala atatu. Nthambi za chomeracho zimayandikana kwambiri ndipo shrub imawoneka yaying'ono.
Shrub amakhala nthawi yayitali, nthawi zina zaka zimatha zaka 50... Pakati pa kukhalapo kwake, yakhala ndi mizu yayikulu yokhala ndi mizu ingapo. Pamodzi ndi nthaka ndi zomera, mizu imapanga sod.
Gordovina amakulolani kuti mupange nyimbo zabwino kwambiri.
Chomera chokongoletsera chakhala ndi makwinya okhala ndi mawonekedwe owulungika, omwe kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 18. Masamba ndi otakata komanso olimba, mtunduwo umakhala wobiriwira wakuda pamwambapa, wotuwa pansipa... Mphukira, nthambi ndi masamba zimakutidwa ndi tsitsi loyera lofanana ndi ma asterisks. Masambawo amakhalanso osalala komanso opanda masikelo. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu, shrub amatchedwa 'ufa'.
Chomeracho chimayamba kuphulika mu Meyi ndikupitilizabe kuphulika mu Juni, nyengo yamaluwa ili pafupifupi mwezi. Ma inflorescence angapo amapangidwa ndi 1.5 masentimita maluwa opangidwa ndi belu, oyera oyera... Maluwa onse amapanga mabulosi abulu. Munthawi imeneyi, viburnum ya Gordovina yokongola modabwitsa. Choyamba, zipatsozo zimakhala zofiira, kenako zimada. Pakadali pano, zimayambira zimakhala ndi zipatso zakuda ndi zofiira nthawi yomweyo. Zipatso zonse zimasanduka zakuda mu Seputembala ndikukhala kuthengo masiku opitilira 20. Mu Okutobala, viburnum sikuwoneka bwino kwambiri. Mitengoyi imafota, koma madzi ake amasungidwabe, amatha kudya.
Ngakhale zipatso za viburnum ndizofiira, zimalawa zowawa. Zipatso zakuda zakuda zimakoma kutsekemera. Pakusonkhanitsa, maburashi a viburnum amafunika kudulidwa ndi pruner. Ngati zipatso zosapsa zikakumana ndi burashi, zimapsa muchidebe. Kuchokera pachitsamba cha zaka 15, zokololazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndowa imodzi yathunthu.... Zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma compote, timadziti, jellies. Ndizabwino ngati zipatso zina zitsalira pa viburnum, mbalame zizidzadya mosangalala.
Mawonekedwe:
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya viburnum, gordovina ili ndi zinthu zingapo:
- Chomeracho ndi chosiyana makhalidwe okongoletsera kuyambira koyambirira kwamasika mpaka nthawi yozizira - kuchokera maluwa mpaka mitundu yowala yamasamba;
- Wamphamvu overgrown mizu kulola kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba kuteteza nthaka kuyenda m'malo otsetsereka ndi zigwa;
- Zikuwoneka bwino m'mapaki ndi minda mipanda;
- Kusintha kwabwino kumizinda.
- Kuphatikiza kwabwino ndi mitengo yotambalala.
Zosiyanasiyana
Kalina Gordovina ali ndi mitundu:
- Aurea... Shrub yaying'ono yokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 200. Ili ndi masamba otulutsa masentimita 10 a golide wachikaso. Maluwa ndi ofiira achikasu m'malo opyapyala a inflorescence. Zipatso ndizochepa, zofiira poyamba komanso zakuda zikakhwima.
- Variegata... Chomeracho chimangofika masentimita 150. Korona wa shrub ndi wozungulira wokhala ndi masamba ambiri. Kutalika kwamasentimita 20 ovoid masamba, makwinya, otetemera m'mbali. Pamwamba pamasamba pamakhala zokutira pang'ono. Zipatso zozungulira, zomwe zimangokhala 7mm m'mimba mwake, zimakhala zofiira poyamba, kenako zimasanduka zakuda.
Mitundu yonseyi ndi yokongola modabwitsa komanso yokongola kwambiri.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Shrub yokongola modabwitsa ili ndi maubwino ambiri:
- chisanu kukana;
- modekha amalola chilala;
- Zitha kumera m'malo amdima;
- savuta kuzolowera kuwononga mpweya, utsi ndi fumbi m'malo okhala m'mizinda;
- ali ndi kukongoletsa kwakukulu;
- kawirikawiri imadzipangitsa kuti iwonongeke ndi matenda ndi viburnum tsamba la kachilomboka;
- pachaka korona ndi kutalika kwa shrub kumawonjezeka pafupifupi 30 cm;
- mizu yotukuka imalimbitsa nthaka yomwe imatha kukokoloka.
Zoyipa, malinga ndi kuwunika kwa wamaluwa, sizikuwoneka mu viburnum ya Gordovina.
Kubereka
Pofuna kubala horodovina, cuttings, zigawo kapena mbewu zimatengedwa.
Mbewu
Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa kumapeto kwa Okutobala kapena koyambirira kwa masika. Musanazitumize pansi, muyenera kuyika mbewu m'firiji kwa miyezi 7 (stratification). Kubzala kumachitika mpaka masentimita 3. Kumera kumayambira pamizu, mphukira imatsegulidwa chaka chotsatira chokha. Nthambi yachichepere imatuluka pansi. Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amalangiza kuti imathandizira kumera:
- sungani mbewu kwa miyezi itatu pa t 18 madigiri;
- sungani nyembazo kwa miyezi itatu yotsatira pa t -3 - +5 madigiri.
Zomera zobiriwira
Nkhaniyi imadulidwa kumapeto kwa Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi. Gawo lachitatu la masamba limachotsedwa. Magawo amayikidwamo m'madzi ndikuwonjezera pulogalamu yoyeseza yapadera kuti imathandizira kutuluka kwa mizu (Kornevin, IMK). Pambuyo popanga mizu, pitani cuttings mu wowonjezera kutentha. Angabzalidwe m'munda. Ndiye muyenera kupanga pogona kuchokera kubotolo la pulasitiki, mwachitsanzo. Kapu imachotsedwa nthawi zonse kuti ipitse mpweya ndikuthirira mphukira.
Zigawo
Njirayi imakhala pakupendekera mphukira pansi. M'chaka, masentimita 10 amasungidwa kale... Mphukira zimayikidwa m'mayenje ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthaka. Mphukira idzayamba kugwa, pambuyo pake imatha kuziika. Mutha kumuika mchaka.
Pogawa chitsamba
Chitsambacho chimagawika nthawi yachisanu ndi nthawi yophukira. Chomeracho chinagawika m'magawo angapo, poganizira kuti aliyense wa iwo ali ndi masamba osachepera atatu osinthanso.
Kudzala ndikuchoka
Kalina Gordovina amakonda acidity wosaloŵerera kapena wofooka nthaka komanso kuyatsa bwino. Chomeracho sichikonda mchenga, peat ndi dothi la podzolic... Amakula panthaka yopanda chonde, koma maluwa ndi zipatso zimakula.
Mwezi umodzi musanabzala, phosphorous, potaziyamu ngati mawonekedwe a feteleza amabwera m'nthaka, peat imawonjezeredwa. M'chaka kapena yophukira amakumbidwa ikufika pakatikati 40 cm, 50 cm kutalika ndi 40-50 cm kuya... Mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi osachepera 3 m.
Kusakaniza kwa potting kukukonzedwa:
- nthaka (peat, humus);
- urea (3 tbsp. l.);
- phulusa lamatabwa (1 galasi).
Mizu sayenera kuloledwa kuti ikumane ndi phulusa.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, timene timatsekedwa, timayikidwa pakati pa kukhumudwa ndikutidwa ndi nthaka. Mzu wa mizu sayenera kupitirira masentimita asanu m'nthaka... Mizu yowonekera imafalikira pamulu woumba nthaka ndikuphimba. Mukabzala, dzenje limapangidwa pafupi ndi chomeracho ndikuthira madzi. Kenako dothi limadzaza ndi peat kapena utuchi wamatabwa.
Kuthirira
Zomera zazing'ono zimayenera kukhetsedwa masentimita 40 madzulo... Tchire akuluakulu amafunika kuthirira nthawi yokula komanso nthawi yopanga zipatso.
Ndikofunika kumasula dothi mozungulira-thunthu kuti mpweya ufikire mizu yazomera.
Zovala zapamwamba
Monga mitengo yonse ndi zitsamba, viburnum ya Gordovina imafunikira kudyetsedwa:
- M'nyengo, masamba asanawonekere, urea imayambitsidwa (2 tbsp. l.);
- Pamaso maluwa muyenera kuwonjezera potaziyamu sulfide (2 tbsp. l.);
- Mu Julayi zovuta zamagetsi amchere (60 g) amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Patatha zaka ziwiri, kugwa, musanakumbe nthaka, manyowa ovunda, phosphorous, potaziyamu amayamba. M'nyengo youma, feteleza amachepetsedwa ndi madzi.
Manyowa onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bwalo lamtengo.
Kudulira
Kudulira kwa gordovina kumachitika mchaka. Izi zimachotsa nthambi zodwala komanso zakale. Njira yokonzanso imachitika pambuyo pa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzindiye kuti, nthambi zakale zimadulidwa kufikira muzu womwe. Muyenera kusiya zidutswa 7 za nthambi pachitsamba cha zipatso.
Kukongola kwa tchire, nthambi zomwe zimaposa masentimita 40 zimatsinidwa ndi dzanja.
Ngati viburnum iyenera kupangidwa ngati mtengo, pomwepo thunthu loyang'ana chapakati limatsalira, mphukira zotsalazo zimadulidwa. Mphukira zatsopano ndi mphukira ziyenera kudulidwa chaka chilichonse. Za nthambi ndi kukongola kwa korona kukula kumayenera kutsinidwa.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Shrub imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, koma ena amawonongabe zomera:
- nsabwe;
- wofanana ndi nkhanambo;
- kapu njenjete.
Mankhwala ophera tizilombo, makamaka ndi zomatira, amathandiza kulimbana ndi tizirombo. Chishango chitha kuwonongedwa ndi karbofos. Kuti awononge nsabwe za m'masamba, trichogram imaphatikizidwa ku chomeracho.
Tchire zimakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew ndi malo... Kuchiza ndi fungicides kudzakuthandizani kulimbana ndi matenda. Pofuna kupewa matenda, chithandizo ndi infusions wa fodya kapena adyo chimachitika.
Mapeto
Kalina Gordovina ndi chomera chomwe chimakhalabe chokongoletsera ngakhale chilengedwe ndi kusowa kwa chisamaliro. Ubwino waukulu wokongoletsera ndi masamba... Shrub ndi yabwino kumizinda, kubzala m'misewu, mabwalo, mabwalo.
Komanso, zimadziwika kuti zipatso za chomeracho zimakhala ndi machiritsomakamaka akaphatikiza uchi. Compotes, odzola amakonzedwa kuchokera ku zipatso, amauma.