Bakha ndi nkhuku zodziwika bwino kumabwalo akumidzi. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka kumadera akumidzi, makamaka ngati kuli madzi ambiri kumeneko. Abakha amawukitsidwa kuti azidya nyama. Pofika mwezi umodzi, nyama zazing'ono zimalemera 2.5 kg. Drake wamkulu amalemera pafupifupi 4 kg. Kuphatikiza apo, abakha amaikira mazira mpaka 120 chaka chonse.
Munkhaniyi, tikambirana za kuswana ndi kulera abakha kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene. Kuphatikiza apo, tiphunzira momwe tingadyetse abakha moyenera kunyumba, phala lamtundu wanji, chakudya chamagulu, zomwe zimapangidwa.
Momwe mungasamalire ndi kulera ana amchere oyamba kumene?
Kusunga abakha kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kuweta nkhuku kapena atsekwe. Koma, pali zinthu zina zofunika kuzilingalira popatsa mbalame iyi. Muyenera kukhazikika pa iwo mwatsatanetsatane. Kuphatikiza momwe abakha amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Kulera ndi kuswana nkhuku zazing'ono
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mazira a bakha amathanso kuyikidwa pansi pa nkhuku kapena Turkey, ndipo amaswa mazira, ndikuwasokeretsa okha. Koma bakha kapena tsekwe sikuwoneka kuti nawonso akufuna kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi mazira a anthu ena. Chifukwa chake, iliyonse mwa mbalame zitatu zoweta imasankhidwa ngati nkhuku yankhuku - nkhuku, bakha kapena Turkey. Zachidziwikire, ndibwino ngati ndi bakha.
Mazira mpaka 15 amayikidwa pansi pa bakha ngati anawo akuyembekezeka kupezedwa mchilimwe komanso mpaka 12 ngati nthawi yachilimwe. Izi ndichifukwa cha kutentha kozungulira. Mwachilengedwe, mazira ambiri amayikidwa pansi pa Turkey, yomwe imafotokozedwa ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu, komanso yocheperako pansi pa nkhuku. Chachikulu ndikuti mazira onse mu clutch amakhala pansi pa nkhuku kuti awotenthe mofanana ndi thupi la nkhuku.
Kwa nkhuku, chisa chooneka ngati nkhata chimapangidwa ndi udzu kuti mazira asagundike mbali zosiyanasiyana. Nkhuku idzawonjezera zina zonse (mwachitsanzo, nthenga). Pansi pa chisa, ngati ili pansi, ikani utuchi ndi mankhusu.
Ndi bwino kupanga chisa paphiri laling'ono ndikutali ndi dzuwa, mdima wandiweyani wanyumba. Palibe chifukwa choti mthunzi ukhale wongopeka. Ngati zikuwoneka zosasangalatsa kwa inu, pangani magawo osagwirizana. Izi zidzalekanitsa chisa chimodzi ndi chimzake ndikupanga chisangalalo chowonjezera.
Ana oyambawo amapezeka masiku 27 atangoyamba kumene.
Anapiye onse aswa m'masiku 1 kapena awiri. Kuti nkhuku isawatseke, anapiye amatengeredwa ku bokosi lina atangobadwa. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kutenga katoni yokutidwa ndi udzu ndi pansi. Kutentha kwabwino kwa iwo panthawiyi ndi madigiri 30. Chifukwa chake, ngati anawo atuluka masika, samalani zina zowonjezera kutentha.
Sungani bokosilo, crate kapena basiketi pomwe ankhandwe amakhala osawuma.
Amankhuku onse atabadwa, amawabwezera ku nkhuku - bakha. Ndi bwino kuchita izi madzulo. Onetsetsani kuti bakha wa amayi awalandira, chifukwa nthawi imeneyi anapiye amafunika kutentha.
Kodi mungakweze bwanji bakha mu chofungatira ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Ubwino waukulu wokweza ana amchere mu chofungatira ndi kuthekera kokhala ndi ana nthawi iliyonse yomwe ingakukomereni. Kuphatikiza apo, simuyenera kusamalira nkhuku, ndipo mutha kudzipangira nokha. Makina oyendetsera nyumba amakono amakhala ndi zowongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kungotsatira ndondomekoyi, tembenuzani mazira (ngati izi sizinaperekedwe zokha ndi kapangidwe ka chofungatira) ndipo nthawi zina muzitsegula zida zazing'ono zawo zazing'ono komanso kuchotsa mipweya yomwe ikupezeka.
Asanagone, chofungatira chimatenthedwa poyika kutentha kwa 1-2 madigiri kuposa momwe amafunira mazira koyambirira kwa ntchitoyi. Kuphatikiza apo, Ndibwino kuti mupange chinyezi cham'mlengalenga. Pachifukwa ichi, matayala amadzi amaikidwa pamphasa.
Chifukwa chakuti chipolopolo cha mazira a bakha ndi champhamvu kuposa nkhuku ndipo chimakhala chachikulu kukula kwake, chosiyana ndimankhwala, anawo amawonekera pambuyo pake.
Mazira a bakha amafunika chisamaliro chochuluka kuposa mazira a nkhuku ndipo amafunikira chinyezi chokwanira.
Sabata yoyamba mutagona, kutentha kwa chofungatira kuyenera kukhala madigiri 38 (masiku atatu oyambirira - 38.2, 4 - 37.8 yotsatira). Chinyezi chiyenera kusungidwa pa 60%. Pakatha milungu iwiri ya mazira pachofungatira, tsegulani chitsekocho kwa mphindi 30 kawiri patsiku, kutsitsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 32. Kenako kutentha kumayambiranso.
Ngati muli ndi ovoscope, yang'anani mazirawo pambuyo pa masiku 9-10. Kutsika kwakuthwa kwa mpweya sikuyenera kuloledwa. Anapiye amaswa tsiku la 27 mpaka 28 pasanathe tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Chinyezi cha mpweya chimasungidwa pa 55%. Anapiye atauma, amasamutsira m'bokosi, dengu, bokosi, atayika utuchi wouma, mankhusu, ndi udzu pansi.
Ikani gwero lina la Kutentha kuti kutentha kozungulira pamlingo wa zinyalala musatsike pansi pa madigiri 28 ndipo chinyezi cha mpweya chikhale mpaka 80%.
Kusamalira bwino ndi kusamalira
M'masiku 20 oyamba amoyo, ankhandwe amafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezeka poyerekeza ndi kutentha kwa nyengo. Ngati ali pafupi ndi bakha, simuyenera kuda nkhawa kuti kungatenthedwenso - bakha amatha kuwateteza ku kutentha. Mu sabata yoyamba ya moyo, kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa pamatayala a madigiri 27-30; sabata lachiwiri - 23-26, lachitatu - 19-22. Kenako azolowera kutentha kwachilengedwe.
Monga tanenera kale, zinyalala ziyenera kukhala zowuma. Kupanda kutero, bakha amaundana ndikudwala.
Kutalika kwa maola masana kumayambiriro kwa moyo kuyenera kukhala pamlingo wa maola 20 ndikuchepa pang'ono mpaka maola 12 pamwezi umodzi.
Ankhamba okhala ndi bakha amaloledwa kuyenda m'mawa ndi masana atakwanitsa masiku asanu. Madzulo, amatsekedwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kotsika pamwambapa. Ndipo atatha milungu itatu zakubadwa, mutha kuwasiya kunja kwa chipinda usiku.
Kukhalapo kosungira ndikwabwino kwambiri kulera ana amphaka. Ndi mbalame yayikulu, amatulutsidwa m'madzi atakhala milungu itatu. Mwaulere - patatha mwezi umodzi. Mutha kusunga nkhuku zazing'ono m'makola milungu iwiri yoyambirira. Kenako amapatsidwa ufulu wambiri. Ndiye kuti, kuyenda pang'ono. Kukula kwachinyamata mwezi ndi mwezi kumasamutsidwa kwathunthu pazomwe zikuyenda.
Momwe mungadyetse ankhandwe: chakudya chamagulu, phala ndi mavitamini ndi manja anu
Kudyetsa abakha kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene ndikosavuta. Achinyamata amazolowera kulandira chakudya nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kuwaphunzitsa kuwonjezera pa zakudya zinazake. Ana a bakha amakula ndi kunenepa msanga. Ali ndi masabata atatu, amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi, atatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka, ndipo pakatha miyezi 2.5 amatha kuphedwa, popeza kulemera kwake kumafika makilogalamu awiri ndi theka.
Koma ndi bwino kuzipha isanayambike chisanu, popeza chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, chakudya chachikulu cha abakha ndi masamba ndi chilichonse chomwe iwowo amapeza padziwe. Ndiye kuti, muyenera kuwononga ndalama pang'ono pakudya.
Kudyetsa m'masiku oyamba amoyo
Kudyetsa abakha kunyumba sabata yoyamba kumachitika nthawi 6-8 masana. Mutha kukonza chakudya choyamba m'mawa komanso chomaliza dzuwa lisanalowe. Mazira ophika bwino, kanyumba kochepa mafuta, ndi zina zotulutsa mkaka ndizo chakudya chachikulu cha bakha panthawiyi.
Ndibwino kuti mupereke chakudya kuchokera mumakhwawa opapatiza, popeza mbale zazikulu monga brazier zimathandizira kuti ankhandwe amangoponda gawo lalikulu la chakudyacho. Mbale zakumwa siziyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi chakudya, pamene chakumapeto chimakhala chonyowa komanso madzi akuda.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti bakha ndi mbalame yam'madzi. Adakali wamng'ono kwambiri, amawonetsa chibadwa chodya chakudya, kaya m'madzi, kapena kumwa pambuyo pake atalowa mkamwa. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutayika chakumwacho kutali ndi chakudyacho, bakha wankhuku, mpaka atafika kwa womwerayo atadya, ameza kale zochuluka za izo. Chifukwa chake, madzi oyera amatha kusungidwa. Mwa njira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa potaziyamu permanganate mmenemo, koma pamlingo woti sungathe kutembenuza madzi kukhala pinki.
Pakadutsa masiku asanu, amayamba kukonzekera phala lankhumba kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zatchulidwazi ndikuwonjezera chimanga ndi zikopa za tirigu.
Monga nthawi zonse, pamafunika kusamala kuti madzi akumwa azikhala oyera komanso oyera. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa madzi akuda komanso osayenda amakhala ndi matenda ambiri.
Ndi chakudya chiti chomwe chiyenera kupatsidwa kwa anthu kuchokera sabata limodzi mpaka atatu?
Momwe mungadyetse abakha ang'ono kunyumba? Pambuyo pa sabata limodzi la moyo, anapiye azolowera amadyera, chifukwa mtsogolomo chikhala chakudya chachikulu pakudya kwa mbalame. Pamsinkhu uwu, bakha amadya pafupifupi 40 magalamu azakudya zosiyanasiyana. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mazira owiritsa ndi mkaka, ndikuwasintha ndi magawo akulu a tirigu ndi chimanga. Zakudyazi zimawonjezeredwa ndi chakudya cha nyama: nsomba ndi nyama ndi chakudya cha mafupa.
Pofika masabata awiri, bakha wamwamuna amafunika pafupifupi magalamu 60 pamutu. Pakadali pano, mazira owiritsa, tchizi kanyumba ndi zinthu zina zamkaka sizichotsedwa pazakudya. Ma greens ambiri amaperekedwa m'malo mwake. Momwemo, ndi duckweed. Mbalameyi imadya mosangalala ndi pafupifupi malire. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwakukulu ndi kupindula kwakukulu kumayambira.
Tisaiwale kuti bakha wokula amadya kwambiri. Pambuyo pa masiku 20 zakubadwa, anapiyewo amatulutsidwa mu dziwe limodzi ndi bakha wamayi.
Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa "kouma", komwe chakudya chachikulu chidzagulidwe chakudya chamagulu. Poterepa, kukulitsa kumakhala kotsika mtengo, koma ankhandwe amakula mwachangu.
Phala limaphikidwa asanadyetse mbalame, chifukwa chakudya chophika chisanadze chimawowa msanga.
Kodi abakha ayenera kudyetsedwa bwanji kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka kupha?
Momwe mungadyetse abakha kunyumba m'mwezi umodzi? Ufa wa mbewu zosiyanasiyana za tirigu, mapira, nyama ndi mafupa ndi nsomba, zipolopolo, choko, mpendadzuwa chakudya, yisiti wa chakudya ndi amadyera - izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimadya nyama zazing'ono nthawi imeneyi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuwadyetsa padziwe kudzasokoneza chakudya ndikuchepetsa mtengo wowasamalira pafupifupi kawiri. Gawo lonse la nkhuku mu zakudya ndi 40%, amadyera - 30%. Ngati bakha amatha kudya duckweed, ndiye kuti gawo la amadyera limakula kamodzi ndi theka.
Kodi mungasunge bwanji abakha achikulire kunyumba?
Bakha wamkulu (drake), kutengera mtunduwo, amatha kulemera kuchokera pa ma kilogalamu atatu mpaka anayi. Mitundu yofala kwambiri yamtundu wa bakha wa nyama.
- Beijing: imakula ndikulemera msanga, imalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino. Nyama zazing'ono za miyezi iwiri zimakhala zolemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 2.5. Bakha wamkulu - mpaka 3.5 makilogalamu, ndi drake - mpaka 4 kg. Kupanga mazira - mpaka mazira 110 pachaka. Nyama ndi yokoma.
- Mtundu wa Bashkir: nyama yabwino kwambiri, imazolowera bwino ndikusunga, mafuta amakhala ochepa. Ntchito ndizambiri.
- Wofiira woyera: kulemera kwa bakha wamkulu ndi 3-3.5 kg, drake mpaka 4 kg. Nyama ndi yokoma. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mtunduwu ndikuwonjezera kupanga mazira - mpaka mazira 130-140 pachaka.
- Moscow Woyera: kulemera kuli kofanana ndi kwa mawere akuda oyera. Nyama ndi yofewa komanso yokoma. Kupanga dzira lalikulu - mpaka zidutswa 160 pachaka.
- Chiyuda Chiyukireniya: kulemera kwa drakes ndi 3-3.5 kg. Weft - mpaka 3 kg. Kupanga mazira ndikokwera kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina kumafikira zidutswa 220 pachaka.
Mwa mitundu ya nyama, dzira ndi dzira, izi zitha kuzindikirika.
- Khaki Campbell - mitundu ya abakha nyama ndi dzira. Amasiyana pamakhalidwe odekha. Avereji ya dzira - 75 g, kupanga dzira - mpaka zidutswa 330. Drake kulemera - mpaka 3 kg, abakha - mpaka 2.5 makilogalamu.
- Wothamanga waku India - mtundu wa mazira. Lili ndi dzina chifukwa chokwera kwambiri. Kupanga mazira ndi kulemera kwake ndizofanana ndi Khaki-Campbell. Nyama imakoma ngati nkhuku.
Kuti musankhe kusankha mtunduwo, muyenera kudzisankhira nokha zomwe mungachite kuti muwalere. Mitundu ya nyama imalemera kwambiri, kupanga dzira kumakhala kochepa, mu dzira la nyama ndi mitundu ya dzira - m'malo mwake. Abakha oyera ndi achi French nawonso ndiabwino kukula.
Abakha amasungidwa m'nyumba kapena panja. Choyamba, ayenera kudyetsa kwambiri chifukwa cha chakudya chokwanira komanso kuyenda pang'ono kwa mbalameyo.
Chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, wowala pang'ono komanso wofunda. Bakha wamkulu amalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino, koma ndibwino kuti kutentha kwa nyumba panthawiyi sikutsika pansi pa 5 digiri Celsius. Kwa 1 sq. Mamita amderali amaweta abakha anayi.
Kuyenda njira ndikwabwino kwa mbalameyi. Koma zimatengera kuthekera koyenda koteroko komanso kupezeka kwa posungira. Poterepa, ndibwino kugawaniza ziwetozo m'magulu ang'onoang'ono - mitu 10-15 iliyonse, ndikugawa magawo ochepa. Mwa matupi amadzi, mitsinje ndi nyanja zosaya amakonda. Maulendowa amatetezedwa ndi mpanda wotsika. Amatha kupangidwa moyandikana ndi nyumba za nkhuku kuti abakhawo azibisala pamalo ophimba ngati angafune.
Chakudyacho ndi chimodzimodzi ndi cha achinyamata. Kutsindika kumayikidwa pa mbewu za chimanga ndi chimanga, chimanga chochulukirapo. Musapatse abakha mkate zinyenyeswazi, zomwe zimasokoneza kayendedwe ka mbalameyo.
Ndizoletsedwanso kuti musapatse phala yatsopano. Kawirikawiri, ngati pali kukayikira za chakudya, ndibwino kuti musadye mbalameyo. Musaiwale kupereka misa yobiriwira kapena kumasula kuti muziyenda msipu, ngati palibe posungira pafupi. Ngati pali mitengo yapafupi kapena nyanja - ayendetseni kumeneko. Pamtengopo, abakha amapeza chakudya chochuluka.
Mukadyetsa abakhawo ndi chakudya chosagulidwa, ndiye kuti mapangidwe awo ndi awa:
- 40% yopaka mbewu zosakaniza za tirigu, zomwe theka lake ndi chimanga;
- 30% wobiriwira;
- 10% zinyalala zambewu;
- 7% keke ndi ufa;
- 7% chakudya chanyama;
- Zigawo za 6%, choko, yisiti wodyetsa, mavitamini, zowonjezera mavitamini, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupereka mavitamini kwa bakha ndi abakha akuluakulu, makamaka nthawi yophukira-nthawi yozizira komanso nthawi yachisanu, pomwe kulibe dzuwa lokwanira ndipo kulibe kobiriwira konse. Ngati ndizovuta kugula mavitamini, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yisiti wa brewer, zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, chakudya komanso michere.
Kuswana abakha sichinthu chachikulu. Chofunikira kwambiri pagawo loyambirira la kulima kwawo ndikutchera khutu pa njira zoperekera chakudya, kuwapatsa chakudya choyenera ndikupeza malo oti aziyenda komanso malo osungira iwo. Ndiye kuti banja lanu lidzangokhala ndi nyama yokoma komanso yokoma, komanso mudzakwanitsa kulipirira mtengo wosunga mbalameyi ndi chiwongola dzanja pogulitsa zotsalira.