Tomato samangokhala ndi kukoma kodabwitsa, komanso amakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Awa ndi mavitamini B1, B2, B3, B6, B9 ndi E. Komanso, mavitamini E amaposa kwambiri. Tomato siabwino mthupi lathu lokha, komanso amasangalala. Tithokoze chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amatchedwa tyramine, omwe amasandulika kukhala serotonin. Zomera izi zimatha kutchedwa kuti anti-depressant yomwe imatha kuthana ndi zovuta.
Muwunikowu, tikambirana za imodzi mwamautomato a Debut, malongosoledwe ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe aperekedwa pansipa.
Kulongosola kwatsatanetsatane ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere
Chitsamba cha phwetekere cha mtundu wokhazikika chitha kukula mpaka 0,65 m kutalika.Ngati chomeracho chimakula mu wowonjezera kutentha, kutalika kwake kumatha kufikira 0.75 m. Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa masambawo ndiwotheka posachedwa, ndipo nthawi yake yobala zipatso imakulitsidwa. Mungathe kukolola zipatso zoyamba mutabzala mbeu masiku 90-95.
Phwetekere koyamba akhoza kulimidwa kutchire komanso wowonjezera kutentha.
Wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kupanga tchire la phwetekere osati lalikulu kwambiri, zimayambira zokha. Ndiye zokolola zidzakhala zazikulu kwambiri.
Ndibwino kuti musadyetse mbewu nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa ndiye kuti tchire limakhala ndi masamba obiriwira komanso obiriwira, ndipo izi zidzatalikitsa nthawi yokolola koyamba. Anthu ambiri omwe adabzala phwetekere wotere amavomereza kuti ndi bwino kumangirira tchire. Ndiye zipatsozo sizikhudza padziko lapansi ndipo zimapsa bwino.
Zipatso: mawonekedwe ozungulira; anatchinga ndi yosalala pamwamba; atatha kucha, amakhala ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri; kulemera kwapakati pa chipatso chimodzi ndi 0.18-0.22 kg.
Kugwiritsa ntchito: tomato wa zosiyanasiyana akhoza kutchedwa chilengedwe chonse. Amabwereketsa kumalongeza, kuthira mchere, kupanga timadziti, pasitala ndi mbatata yosenda. Komanso, tomato amakoma kwambiri akamadyedwa mwatsopano.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Ubwino waukulu wamitundu yoyamba ndi monga:
- kugwirana ndi kukula pang'ono kwa chitsamba;
- kucha koyambirira zipatso zoyamba;
- mkulu kukhazikika kutentha mopitirira muyeso;
- kusinthasintha kwa tomato pankhani ya kudya;
- zoteteza kwambiri motsutsana matenda osiyanasiyana;
- osayipa kwenikweni Chitetezo cha masamba paulendo.
Zoyipa zakumayambiriro kwa Tomato ndi izi: zovuta posamalira chomera. Chifukwa chake tchire liyenera kumangidwa kuti zipatso zisakhudze nthaka.
Zofunikira pa nthaka kuti mubzale
Tomato amapereka zokolola zabwino ngati nthaka ili ndi chinyezi chokwanira - 70-80% ya HB. Zipatso zidzakhala zokoma komanso zokongola pokhapokha ndi kuwala kokwanira. Ngati chomeracho chilibe kuwala kokwanira, nthawi yakucha imakhala yayitali. Kuunikira sikofunika kokha phwetekere palokha, komanso chitsamba chonse.
Nthaka iyenera kusankhidwa kuti ikhale yopsereza, yotenga chinyezi komanso yowuma, koma nthawi yomweyo iyenerabe kukhala yosiyana. Kuti mukonze bwino nthaka, tikulimbikitsanso kuti mugwiritsenso ntchito peat ndi humus.
Kufesa malamulo: momwe mungabzalidwe bwino mbewu ndi mbande
Ndi chizolowezi kumera tomato mmera. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera kwa malo ndi wowonjezera kutentha kumatheka. Poterepa, wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala waukhondo komanso wowala bwino. Zikhala zabwino ngati zikuyenera kuti zizitha kuwongolera mpweya wabwino komanso kutentha.
Nthawi yokula kwa mbande idzadalira nyengo yokha. Ngati ndi nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti zitenga masabata osachepera 9, masika - masabata 6, pomwe chilimwe zimatenga pafupifupi milungu isanu.
Ndibwino kuti mubzale makaseti kapena mabokosi pogwiritsa ntchito peat osakaniza. Ngati mukufuna kupeza zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, ndiyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito vermiculite muyeso limodzi.
Kufesa mbewu ndi 5-10 mm kuya.
Poyamba, muyenera kukhala ndiudindo pakupanga kayendedwe kabwino ka kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kutentha kwambiri, mbewu zidzatambasula kwambiri ndipo zimayambira zidzakhala zochepa kwambiri. Kuwerenga pa thermometer pakuthirira kuyenera kukhala mdera la 18-20 madigiri.
Ngati zimayambira ndi zowirira kwambiri, muyenera kutsitsa kutentha usiku wowonjezera kutentha. Kotero, tchire lidzatambasula.
Ndikofunika kupanga chitsamba mutachimanga. Kulanda kumachitika sabata iliyonse, pochotsa wopeza yemwe wafika kutalika kwa 20-50 mm.
Ndi bwino kupanga tomato mu zimayambira ziwiri. Pa inflorescence yovuta kwambiri, masamba osapitirira awiri ayenera kutsalira. Chifukwa chake, mtsogolomo, maburashi 14-16 adzatulukira pachitsamba.
Mukamabzala chomera pamalo otseguka, pollination imachitika mwanjira zonse. Pomwe mu wowonjezera kutentha izi zikuyenera kugwiridwa. Poterepa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kugwedeza fumbi, kugwiritsa ntchito mahomoni kapena ziphuphu.
Kuika tomato pamalo otseguka ndi chisamaliro china
Nthawi yobzala mbande ikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhidwe kutengera nyengo ya dera lanu. Pambuyo pa masamba atatu oyamba, chitsambacho chimamizidwa ndikusakanizidwa ndi umuna m'njira yovuta.
Sikulangizidwa kuti mubzala mbande m'mawa, chifukwa panthawiyi tchire ndilofooka kwambiri.
Mukasunga mbewu zosiyanasiyana m'malo wowonjezera kutentha, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi madzi osazizira. Nthaka imamasulidwa kuti imeretse mizu ndi mpweya. Ndikofunika kuwunika momwe namsongole amaonekera ndikuwachotsa munthawi yake, kuti "asaphe" chomeracho.
Miyezi iwiri mutabzala mbewu zipatso zofiira zoyamba zimayamba kuoneka.
Matenda ndi kupewa kwawo
Popeza tomato wamtunduwu amatha msanga msanga, palibe vuto ndi vuto lakumapeto. Kupatula apo, zipatsozo zimakololedwa kale kwambiri. Komanso, mtundu wa Debut umawonetsa kukana kwa erticillosis, Fusarium ndi khansa ya khansa ya Alternaria.
Ngati mukufuna kubzala mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritsenso ntchito nthaka kuchokera m'matumba akale. Ikhoza kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda. Ndipo ngakhale chitsamba changwiro chimatha kudwala.
Kukolola tomato ndi malamulo osungira
Ndibwino kuti mukolole zipatso za phwetekere kangapo pamlungu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndibwino kuchita izi m'mawa, pomwe zokolola ndizapamwamba kwambiri. Ngati katunduyo akuyenera kunyamulidwa mtsogolomu, muyenera kuzikanda mudakali bulauni. Kuti zipatso zisasunthike, ndikofunikira kutsatira kayendedwe ka kutentha. Kutentha kokwanira ndi 12-13 degrees Celsius.
Ndemanga zamaluwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Alinakuchokera pagawo lakumwera kwa Russia amasangalala ndi kukula kwa zipatso zomwe adalandira. Ndi zazikulu komanso zokongola. Kuphatikiza apo, tchire sichiyenera kudyetsedwa nthawi zambiri.
Dinieladazindikira kuti kulimbana kwambiri ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
A Seminis Agronomists salangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni, chifukwa chomeracho sichimasiyana pachitsamba champhamvu. Chilichonse chizikhala choyenera.
Mariaamanenanso kukoma kwa tomato. Wophatikiza amasiyanitsidwa ndi kachulukidwe ka nsonga. Ndicho chifukwa chake angagwiritsidwe ntchito kumalongeza, phwetekere sichidzawoneka ndipo sichingasweke, monga zimakhalira nthawi zambiri. Komanso, mwatsopano ndizokoma komanso mnofu.
Palinso mkwiyo wa wamaluwa za kuchenjera kwa tsinde. Chifukwa chiyani chomeracho chimayenera kumangirizidwa nthawi zonse kuti tchire lisasweke.
Kawirikawiri, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere yotchuka kwambiri yotchuka kwambiri ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Zipatso zake ndi zokoma komanso zonunkhira. Zitha kupangidwa ndi zamzitini, zopangidwa kukhala msuzi ndi pasitala, ndipo, ngati zingafunike, zimangolowa mu saladi. Koma kuti tipeze zokolola zabwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo ena omwe tidakambirana kale.