Anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi ndi momwe angadzipezere okha zipatso, mavitamini m'nyengo yozizira? Kukula masamba osiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito ma hydroponics kunyumba - mupereka tebulo lanu ndi mavitamini pafupifupi chaka chonse. Njira imeneyi ndi yosangalatsa makamaka kwa okonda chomera omwe alibe malo odziwika bwino. Ntchito yosavuta komanso yosangalatsayi ikupatsani mwayi wopeza ndalama zogulira zobiriwira, komanso nthawi yomweyo kusangalala kulumikizana ndi zomera.
Kodi njira ya hydroponic yolima greenery ndi iti?
Mawu oti hydroponics amatanthauza kuti ukadaulo uwu umazikidwa pamadzi. Ndi chithandizo chake, mbewu zobiriwira zimakula osati m'nthaka wamba, koma m'madzi opangidwa mwapadera, omwe ali ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pamoyo wa zomera. Njira yokula imakulolani kuiwala za namsongole, kuthirira ndi kukumba mabedi, za tizirombo tambiri, omwe akuyesera kusangalala ndi mbewu zathu.
Njira yothetsera kukula kwa mbeu imakhala ndi michere yonse yofunikira, yomwe, potengera momwe amapangira mankhwala, ndi ofanana ndi omwe amapezeka munthaka m'munda.
Koyambira, chithunzi chowunikira
Choyamba, muyenera kugula zida zofunikira ndi makapu apulasitiki kapena miphika, mabowo 3-5 masentimita m'mimba mwake amapangidwa pansi pake, ndizofunikira kufesa mbewu.
Chidebe chokonzedwacho chimayikidwa mchipinda chokwanira, ndipo kompresa yochokera mumadzi am'madzi imalumikizidwa pamenepo. Ndikofunikira kukhathamiritsa madzi ndi mpweya ndikusakanikirana kosakanikirana kwa michere kuti michere isakhazikike pansi, koma isunthire pakati pamizu yazomera. Makapu kapena miphika iyenera kukhazikitsidwa pamalo oyenera m'mimba mwake.
Ngati kuyika kosavuta kumeneku kwasonkhanitsidwa bwino, ndiye kuti pakadutsa nthawi yochepa mutha kudula zitsamba zatsopano.
Mwachidule, kuchuluka kwa masamba obiriwira mu hydroponics:
- Kusankha yoyenera ya hydroponics chikhalidwe;
- Kusonkhanitsa unsembe ndipo tsanulirani zowonjezera mu makapu - dothi lokulitsa, perlite, ndi zina zambiri. (chithunzi choikapo pansipa);
- Timabzala mbewu;
- Timasankha feteleza kupanga chisakanizo cha zakudya, poganizira zosowa za chikhalidwe chosankhidwa;
- Timagwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa kompresa;
- Malizitsani ndi kubzala miphika Kumizidwa mu njira yothetsera michere.
Kukhazikitsa kumasonkhanitsidwa, ndipo mbewu zimafesedwa, zimatsalira kuti zitheke kuyankha kwa michere ndikudula masamba nthawi, izi zithandizira kukulitsa masamba atsopano. Kukula msanga kwa mbewu zobiriwira, ndikofunikira konzani zowunikira pogwiritsa ntchito ma phytolamp apadera.
Chifukwa chakupezeka kwa michere, zomerazo zimatha kuyika mphamvu zawo pakukula.
Izi zimapangitsa kuti chomera chachikulire chikule munthawi yochepa, ndipo popeza kapangidwe ka zakudya ndizabwino, zinthuzo zimalandira zinthu zonse zofunika zomwe nthawi zambiri sizipezeka m'nthaka wamba. Kuphatikiza apo, zitsamba zokulirapo ndizotetezeka kwathunthu, Kupatula apo, palibe tizirombo, tizirombo ndi matenda mu njira yodziwika bwino.
Njira zokulira mbewu hydroponically kunyumba
Kuphatikiza pa kapangidwe kake kazakudya, gawo lapansi lapadera limafunikira - kapangidwe kazinthu zopangidwa ndi porous zomwe zimatha kugwira ntchito ngati chosakanizira cha michere.
Koma pali njira zokulitsira mbeu mu hydroponics, zomwe sizifunikira gawo lapansi ndi yankho lamadzimadzi:
- Njira yoyamba. Zimakhala chifukwa chakuti miphika yomwe mizu yazomera imakhazikika pamwamba pa njira yothetsera michere kuti muzu uzimire kokha kuzama, zotsalazo zimayikidwa pamwamba pamadzi. Madziwo akamaphwera, amaviika ndi madzi pamlingo woyenera. Njirayi ndi yabwino kwa zomera zomwe zimafuna mpweya wambiri pamizu (yokhala ndi mizu ya nthambi).
- Njira yachiwiri. Kwa iye, miphika iwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yankho la michere imatsanulidwa mu umodzi wa izo, wokulirapo. Miphika yaying'ono, yodzaza ndi gawo lapansi, imakhala ndi mizu yazomera. Pansi ndi makoma a mphika wocheperako, ndikofunikira kupanga mabowo kudzera momwe yankho lidzalowerere. Onetsetsani kuti mizu ya chomerayo sinabatizidwe m'madzi, koma 2/3 yokha kutalika kwake.
- Njira yachitatu. Njirayi imatchedwa submersible hydroponics. Ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mukamamera masamba ambiri. Chidebe chachikulu (bafa) chiyenera kukonzedwa ndikudzazidwa ndi mayankho a michere. Pulatifomu yoyandama kumtunda imatsitsidwa mu yankho. Mabowo amadulidwa mu thovu, momwe miphika yokhala ndi gawo lapansi ndi zitsamba zomwe zidabzalidwa zimatsitsidwa.
Dongosolo la hydroponic limagwira ntchito ngati iyi - kompresa aerator yayikidwa pansi pa bafa - ndikofunikira kusakaniza yankho ndikudzaza ndi mpweya. Njira yothetsera michere imafunika kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, popeza patatha masiku 3-4 kuchuluka kwa michere mmenemo kumachepa, ndipo gawo lina lamadzi limaphwera.
Kukonzekera njira
Njira yothetsera michere ndiyofunikira pamtundu uliwonse wa mbewu. Ntchito yake ndikupereka mbewu yomwe ikukula ndi michere yomwe ili yofunikira pakupanga mbewu. Tsopano pali maphikidwe osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana a yankho lamadzimadzi lopangira nyumba ndi manja anu.
Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugula yankho lokonzekera ku shopu yamaluwa. Koma kumbukirani kuti dimba lirilonse ndi mbeu yobiriwira imafunikira njira yakeyake yokhala ndi michere yambiri.
Pazifukwa izi, funsani munthu wodziwa zambiri musanagule! Kuphatikiza apo, werengani mosamala malangizowo, omwe angakuthandizeni kuti mugule mankhwala omwe ali oyenera chikhalidwe chanu.
Kufesa mbewu
Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa mumphika kapena pa thireyi, pagawo lapadera, kuti zimere mwachangu, muyenera kutentha madigiri 22 ndi gawo lapansi m'malo onyowa. Kuti zikhale zosavuta kubzala mbande mu chomera cha hydroponic mtsogolo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi lomwe limatsukidwa mosavuta kuchokera pamizu. Zomwe zili ndi 25% ya vermiculite ndi 78% ya perlite ndizoyenera kutero. Kusakaniza uku kumakuthandizani kuti muzisunga chinyezi chofunikira pa njere.
Gawo lapansi lopangidwa kuchokera ku peat moss limagwira ntchito bwino. Simungagwiritse ntchito nthaka wamba - zimakhala zovuta kuzitsuka pamizu. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kudikira mpaka mmera utakhala ndi masamba awiri owona. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimachotsedwa mosamala mu gawo lapansi. Ngati mukumva kukana, ndiye kuti kuyesayesa sikofunika, muyenera kutenga supuni yosavuta ndikusankha mosamala mphukira ndi gawo lapansi. Pambuyo pake, mizu imatsukidwa mu chidebe kapena pansi pamadzi mpaka gawo lapansi litachotsedwa. Kenako mmerawo amauika mu chomera cha hydroponic, kuwonetsetsa kuti mizu imviikidwa mu njirayo.
Pali ma peat moss pellets kapena ulusi wopukutidwa wa coconut wogulitsa.
Njira ya hydroponic yolima amadyera ndi njira ina yabwino m'malo mwa nthaka yolima amadyera. Ili ndi zabwino zambiri, Mwachitsanzo - kusowa kwa ntchito yakuthupi, kuthekera kopeza mbewu mu nyumba wamba, kusapezeka kwa tizirombo.