Ili ndi dzina la potaziyamu nitrate - chinthu choyambirira, cholembetsedwa ngati chowonjezera chakudya. Manyowa a potashi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomera zilizonse m'munda pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, potaziyamu nitrate imawonjezeredwa ngati zowonjezera zowonjezera feteleza kuzomera zomwe sizingalekerere chlorine.
Kodi potaziyamu nitrate ndi chiyani?
Ndi gulu la binary lomwe limadziwika kuti:
- potaziyamu nitrate;
- potaziyamu nitrate;
- potaziyamu nitrate.
Mgwirizanowu umaimiridwa ndi ufa wonyezimira womwe ulibe katsitsi ndi fungo. Imakhala yosasunthika ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana. Katunduyu amasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi, osavulaza nyama. Mwachilengedwe, chinthucho chitha kupezeka ngati mchere wa nitrocalite, womwe umayikidwa m'migodi yayikulu ku Chile ndi East Indies. Pang'ono pang'ono, chinthucho chimapezeka mu zomera ndi zinyama.
Feteleza
Makhalidwe azikhalidwe za kapangidwe kamene kamatsimikizira kudera kwake. Potaziyamu nitrate imaphatikizapo:
- nayitrogeni (13 peresenti);
- potaziyamu (makumi anayi ndi anayi peresenti).
Chiŵerengero choterechi chimapangitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino mankhwalawa ngakhale panthawi yomwe chomeracho chaphulika kale ndikupanga ovary.
Katundu ndi maubwino
Kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu nitrate kumathandiza zomera:
- imathandizira kukula;
- kuonjezera mphamvu yokoka ya mizu;
- kusintha mphamvu ya kupuma kwa maselo;
- yambitsani chitetezo cham'mimba, chomwe chingateteze ku matenda ambiri, ndikupangitsa kuchuluka kwa zipatso;
- kuonjezera kukula kwa zipatso, kukoma kwawo kudzasintha;
- nthawi yosungira mbewu idzawonjezeka;
- Zipatso ndi zipatso zosatha zimawonjezera kukana kwawo nyengo yachisanu komanso kutentha pang'ono.
Koma nthawi yomweyo, palinso zoyipa. Potaziyamu nitrate, yomwe imapezeka mchakudya, imatha kusintha kukhala nitrite, yomwe ndi yoopsa m'thupi. Katunduyu amachepetsa mpweya wa magazi m'magazi, ndikuwonjezera mwayi wakuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso kugunda kwamphamvu. Pali kuthekera kwa matenda a impso, kusanza, kupweteka kwambiri pamimba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito m'munda
Nthawi zambiri potaziyamu nitrate imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani akumidzi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti imawonedwa ngati feteleza wabwino kwambiri pazomera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu ina yomwe simachita bwino ndi feteleza ena. Gulu ili limaphatikizapo mabulosi ndi zipatso za zipatso, mphesa, beets, fodya. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholimbikitsira chomera chomwe chimakula mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena chipinda. Ikulimbitsa mizu, kukhazikika kwa photosynthesis, ndikukonzanso minofu.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mizu ndi zowonjezera za foliar. Fetereza ameneyu amakhala alibe chlorine, chifukwa chake amatha kupaka mbatata, mphesa, fodya ndi mbewu zina popanda vuto lililonse. Kaloti ndi beets, currants, maluwa amayankha bwino mankhwala.
Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa samalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito saltpeter pa radishes, kabichi ndi zitsamba.
Pa fruiting ya nkhaka, amatha kuthandizidwa ndi potaziyamu nitrate. Izi zidzakulitsa zokolola za mbewu, amadyera sadzawonjezeka pakukula. Pafupifupi kudyetsa konse kudzathera pakupanga ndi kucha nkhaka.
Kugwirizana ndi feteleza ena
Sikuloledwa kusakanikirana ndi feteleza - peat, manyowa, utuchi ndi udzu. Kwa mbatata ndi kabichi, izi zimagwira ntchito limodzi ndi feteleza ena. Ndibwino kusakaniza saltpeter ndi kabichi ndi calcium, ndipo pankhani ya mbatata, phosphorous imaphatikizidwira. Kaloti ndi beets zimayankha bwino kwa saltpeter wangwiro, koma calcium imaloledwa.
Potaziyamu nitrate iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka yopepuka mchaka, chifukwa potaziyamu amasungidwa bwino m'nthaka ndipo amasambitsidwa mwachangu. Feteleza ndi acidic kwambiri, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito kuphatikiza calcium kapena laimu. M'madera a chernozem omwe amadziwika ndi zamchere, potaziyamu ilibe vuto pa mbewu.
Kusunga ndi kusamala
Potaziyamu nitrate amaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa kwa anthu. Mukamagwira ntchito, muyenera kutsatira chitetezo.
Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikupewa kupuma kwa mankhwala, gwiritsani ntchito makina opumira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chomupeza pakhungu kapena m'maso. Kukonzekera kuyenera kuchitidwa mu zida zoteteza - magalasi ndi magolovesi. Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumatha kuyambitsa kupsa mtima kwamankhwala kapena kukwiya.
Ngati potaziyamu nitrate imakhudzana ndi khungu, tsukutsani dera lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi madzi. Zomwezo ziyenera kuchitidwa ngati maso akukhudzidwa - amasambitsidwa kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 30, kwinaku akutsegula zikope. Ndiye muyenera kupita kwa ophthalmologist.
Pankhani yoyaka, kuvala mankhwala opha tizilombo kumayikidwa. Kupita kwa dokotala kumawerengedwa kuti ndiyofunikira.
Komanso, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa posungira. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mankhwalawa azikhala kutali ndi feteleza ena ndi mankhwala apanyumba., mu chidebe chatsekedwa mwamphamvu. Mankhwalawa sayenera kukhala padzuwa.
Potaziyamu nitrate amawerengedwa kuti ndi oxidizing wothandizila amene amathandizanso bwino ndi mankhwala kuyaka. Pachifukwa ichi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pyrotechnics.
Nthawi yotentha, mankhwala amayamba kuwola, kutulutsa mpweya. Mwayi wamoto ukuwonjezeka.
Alimi ena amakhulupirira kuti zokolola zimadalira kuchuluka kwa feteleza omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma izi siziri choncho. Mukamagwira ntchito ndi potaziyamu nitrate, kuwerengetsa koyenera kumayenera kuchitika, poganizira mtundu wa chomera, nthawi yakukula kwake. Pakadali pano, ndizotheka kukhala ndi phindu pakukula kwake ndi zipatso zake, popanda "kuyika" mbewuyo ndi zinthu zovulaza thupi.