Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa adadabwitsa aliyense mobwerezabwereza ndi zotsatira zakukula kwa mizu, zomwe sizodziwika kumadera omwe nyengo yake imakhala yovuta. Chimodzi mwa izi ndi adyo. Ndizotheka kulima pamalopo, ngati mutsatira malamulo osavuta kutsika ndi chisamaliro. M'mbuyomuyi, tidzakambirana za kubzala adyo wamasika kumapeto kwa nyengo ndikukula ku Siberia.
Nthawi yobzala adyo chilimwe ku Siberia
Garlic ndi ya zomera zosagwira chisanu, imatha kupirira nyengo yozizira kwambiri pansi pa chipale chofewa ndipo saopa chisanu. Koma nyengo yopanda chipale chofewa, kubzala kumatha kuzizira. choncho ku Siberia, Urals ndi dera la Leningrad, kubzala masika kumakonda.
Mitundu yachisanu imayenera kubzalidwa pakati pa Seputembara 15 mpaka Okutobala 5. Kufesa kumalizidwa kumaliza masabata 3-5 isanayambike chisanu, kuti mizu ipange. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuti mphukira zisakhale ndi nthawi yolowera panthaka, apo ayi chomeracho chitha kufa.
Kutsika kwakasupe kumayamba kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi. Njira yabwino kwambiri yotenthetsera gawo loyambirira la nyengo yokulira imawerengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri kuyambira madigiri 5 mpaka 10. Kutalika kwa kucha ndi zokolola kumadalira nyengo yosungira zomwe mwabzala.... Mofulumira pamwamba pa nthaka ndi mphukira zopangidwa kuchokera ku ma clove omwe amasungidwa m'njira yozizira (kutentha kwa 0 ° -3 °). Komabe, mitu yake ndi yaying'ono kukula, ndipo nyengo yotentha komanso youma, mano amodzi nthawi zambiri amapangidwa. Njirayi siyosiyana ndi zokolola. Garlic imapsa patatha masiku 25-40, yosungidwa motentha (kutentha kwa 20 ° -25 °). Mitu ya zomerazi ndi zazikulu ndimadontho akuluakulu. Kuti mufulumire kucha, m'pofunika kukonzekera kubzala kuti mubzalidwe: zilowerere, zimere ndi kubzala.
Ubwino wobzala adyo wamasika masika
M'madera otentha, kubzala nthawi yophukira pamalo otseguka kuli ndi zabwino kuposa kubzala nthawi yophukira. Mitundu ya masika ndi yoyenera kubzala mbewu ku Siberia, zomwe zimayenera kubzalidwa mchaka kutentha kwa masana kukakhazikika. Njirayi imabwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ziwopsezo zozizira zobzala chifukwa cha chisanu choopsa komanso kusapezeka kwa chipale chofewa. Kuphatikiza apo, zomera sizifunikira kwambiri panthaka, mutha kukolola bwino pamitundu yoyenda yolemera komanso yapakatikati.
Mosakayikira Ubwino wa kubzala kasupe ndikulimbana kwakukulu kwa adyo wachilimwe ku matenda a mbewu za bulbous ndi tizilombo toononga... Ndipo mbande zimapangidwa mwamtendere ndi pafupifupi chitukuko chomwecho. Komanso, mawanga a dazi pabedi amachotsedwa, chifukwa chakumazizira kwa mano.
Kubzala kukonzekera zakuthupi: kulowerera ndikukonzekera
Ubwino wokolola adyo, monga anyezi, zimadalira makamaka ntchito yokonzekera, chifukwa chake, kubzala zinthu kuyenera kusankhidwa moyenera. Posankha adyo, muyenera kusamala ngati mutuwo ndi wa nyengo yachisanu kapena yachisanu. Kodi mungawasiyanitse bwanji? Mutu wa zokolola zachisanu ndi zotanuka mpaka kukhudza ndi chipolopolo cholimba. Pakati pali ndodo kuzungulira mano. Chigoba cha masika osiyanasiyana ndi chopyapyala, kukumbukira zikopa. The denticles ali m'mizere popanda ndodo chapakati. Kupatula kwake ndi mitundu ya Gulliver, yomwe imapanga mivi.
Kukonzekera kumakhala ndi magawo awa:
- kugawanika mutu mano osiyana;
- kusankha kwathunthu ndi kwakukulu, palibe zizindikiro zowononga mitundu;
- kukulunga ma clove mu nsalu yonyowa kumera (kwa masiku angapo, chotupacho chingatumizedwe ku firiji pa alumali);
- zilowererem'madzi ofunda kwa maola 10-12;
- kuyanika nditavala.
Kulowetsa m'malo kumatha kusinthidwa ndikubzala ndi zokulitsa, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kukonzekera kwapadera kuli ndi mankhwala.
Momwe mungakonzekerere nthaka masika ndi nthawi yophukira
Nthaka iyenera kukonzekera musanadzalemo. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kuthira tsambalo ndi humus ndi mchere nthawi yakugwa (40 magalamu a superphosphate, magalamu 20 a potaziyamu mankhwala enaake pa 1 m2) Ngati panalibe mwayi wochita ntchito yophukira, muyenera kukumba nthaka masabata 1-2 musanafike, mulemeretse ndi humus kapena kompositi, tithandizireni ziboda bwino ndi chofufumitsa. Masiku angapo musanadzalemo, malo ogona azikhala ndi mchere.
Malo obzala adyo ayenera kukhala owala bwino komanso mpweya wokwanira. Malo oyandikana ndi nyumba zazikulu komanso nyumba sizilandiridwa.
Olima wamaluwa odziwa zambiri samalimbikitsa kubzala adyo pamalo omwewo; muyenera kupuma zaka 3-4. Ndi bwino kusankha ziwembu m'munda momwe zukini, nkhaka, maungu adalimidwa nyengo yathayi.
Yongani kubzala pamalo otseguka
Chikhalidwe chimabzalidwa molingana ndi chiwembu:
- mpata pakati pa mizere - 20-25 masentimita;
- mtunda pakati pa mano - 6-10 masentimita.
Sikoyenera kuzamitsa adyo patali, masentimita 3-5 ndi okwanira apo ayi, mphukira imatha kumera pang'onopang'ono kapena osawoneka konse padziko lapansi. Pansi pa clove iyenera kuikidwa pansi pa dzenje, pomwe mizu idzapangidwe. Musanadzalemo, nkhaniyo imamera, choncho simuyenera kukanikiza mwamphamvu pansi kuti musawononge ziphukazo.
Mukamakulitsa ma clove, muyenera kuphimba bedi lanu ndi nthaka ndikuwonetsa feteleza. Ammonium sulphate omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, omwe samangolemeretsa nthaka ndi michere, komanso amateteza mphukira zazing'ono kuzirombo.
Kubzala adyo pamafakitale kumachitika ndi zida zapadera - obzala.
Kusamalira ndi kulima pambuyo pobzala
Ngakhale chomera chodzichepetsa chimafuna chisamaliro choyenera. Izi zimathandizira kuchulukitsa zokolola ndikupeza mizu yabwino yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Kwa ichi, choyambirira, ndikofunikira kusintha kuthirira. Chinyezi ndichinthu chachikulu pakukula, komabe, kuchulukitsa kwake kumatha kubweretsa kuwola kwa anyezi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudalira mulingo wothirira mosamala, poganizira kuchuluka kwa mpweya, chinyezi cha mpweya, mtundu wa nthaka.
Mlingo wapakati wamadzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira ndi 8-10 malita pa 1 mita2... Kuthirira kumasiya masiku 20-25 musanakolole mizu.
Feteleza ndi njere za pansi zimayambitsidwa kawiri m'nyengo yokula... Chiwerengero chawo chimadalira chonde cha nthaka. Chernozem pafupifupi safuna kupindulitsa. Mitundu ina ya nthaka imakhala ndi michere yochepa motero pamafunika umuna.
Phosphorus ndi potaziyamu zithandizira kukulitsa ndikukula kwa mbewu za bulbous.
Choyamba chazitsulo chimayambitsidwa pambuyo poti chatulukira. Ngati ammonium sulphate sinagwiritsidwe ntchito mutangobzala, ndiye kuti zikamera, ndi nthawi yowateteza ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Mu Juni, feteleza ovuta amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo, malinga ndi chidziwitso kuchokera ku malangizo. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha urea ndi potaziyamu mankhwala enaake (zigawozo zimatengedwa mofanana).
Kuti mulemere nthaka ndi mpweya, kumasula ndikofunikira. Nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa ndi kupalira, chifukwa namsongole ndiwowopsa kubzala. Kuchuluka kwa mthunzi ndi kukulitsa kwa kama kumakhala malo oti tizirombo takhazikike. Ndipo chinyezi chowonjezera chimatha kuwononga mutu. Pakati pa nyengo yokula, njira 2-4 zomasulira ndi kupalira zimachitika... Mutha kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito polemba mabedi. Pazinthu izi, peat kapena utuchi umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amaphimba bedi mwamphamvu, chifukwa chake namsongole amapita pamwamba osati molimba, ndipo nthaka siuma.
Mapulani omwe adakonzedweratu adzaonetsetsa kuti adyo akusamalidwa munthawi yake, zomwe zimatsimikizira zokolola zambiri.