Pakadali pano pali mitundu yambiri ya nkhuku yofanana kapena yolumikizana. Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu yopambana kunachitika ku Egypt wakale. Ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, njira yosinthira majini yakhala ikukula. Masiku ano, oweta amatha kupeza nkhuku yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira komanso zokongoletsa. Munkhaniyi tikambirana za mbalame zoweta mazira, zomwe ali komanso mawonekedwe awo.
Mitundu ndi nkhuku zabwino kwambiri
Posankha mtundu woyenera, ndikosavuta kusokonezeka ndikupanga chisankho cholakwika. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupange chisankho choyenera, muyenera kuyankha nkhaniyi mosamala ndikutola zofunikira.
Dzira Leghorn
Leghorn ndi mtundu wotchuka wothira mazira ku America, Europe ndi Central Asia. Mbalameyi yatchuka chifukwa chokhoza kusintha komanso kupanga mazira ambiri. Leghorn ndi mtundu wobala zipatso kwambiri, chifukwa chake umakula m'mabizinesi akuluakulu komanso kunyumba. Mbalameyi ndi yamtendere komanso yosavuta, kuzolowera mwini wake mwachangu. Imalekerera mosavuta kutentha.
Ponena za zofooka, a Leghorns mchaka chachiwiri chamoyo adasiya kwambiri kupanga mazira. Alimi odziwa bwino ntchito yawo komanso alimi a nkhuku amalangiza kusintha nkhuku chaka chilichonse ndi theka. Koma, chifukwa chakuti mtunduwu ulibe chibadwa chokhazikitsira, mazira amayenera kuphatikizidwa mu makina, kuponyera nkhuku zina kapena kugula ana atsopano.
Meaty Loman Brown
Lohmann Brown ndi nyama yodziwika bwino yaku Germany yomwe imapangidwa ku Germany. Ngakhale kuti mbalameyi ndi ya mtundu wophatikizana, idatchuka chifukwa chokhala ndi mazira ambiri.
Nkhuku yokhazikikayi imayamba kugona masiku 135.
Ubwino:
- Mazira ndi akulu komanso olimba, mpaka 65 g (mazira ang'onoang'ono kumayambiriro kwa clutch). Ndikudyetsa kwabwino, pafupifupi mazira 300 - 320 amatengedwa pachaka;
- Kupulumuka kwa mbalame yomwe yangobadwa kumene pafupifupi 100%;
- Wodzichepetsa kuzikhalidwe zomwe ali mndende. Amazolowera mwachangu ndikuzolowera chilengedwe.
- Amatha msinkhu masiku 135 ndikukula masiku 161;
- Amayamba kuthamangira mu sabata lachisanu la moyo (nsonga yolimba kwambiri imachitika masiku 160-180).
Zoyipa:
- Pambuyo masiku 80 atayikidwa mwamphamvu, kupanga mazira kumachepa (kukonzanso mbalame ndikofunikira);
- Kubereka kumatheka kokha mwa kusankha, popeza mitanda siyimera kunyumba.
Dzira lonyamula dzira
Mitundu yayikulu ya nkhuku zofiirira zamtundu wofiirira. Hisex Brown amasinthira mwachangu chilengedwe, koma ngakhale zili choncho, mbalameyi imafunikira chisamaliro chabwino komanso malo akulu oyendamo.
Pofuna kusamalira, nkhuku yampweya wokwanira pamafunika, yopanda zolimba, zowunikira nthawi zonse ndi udzu (udzu). Kutentha kwa chipinda m'nyengo yozizira sikutsika kuposa +12 madigiri.
Ubwino:
- Mitundu yopindulitsa kwambiri (mazira 300-320);
- Kudya kochepa (mazira 10 - 1.4 kg);
- Chigoba cha mazira ndi cholimba;
- Zomwe zapulumuka ndi 98%;
- Kusintha.
Zoyipa:
- Amalandidwa nzeru zoukira;
- Kupanga dzira sikumaperekedwa kwa ana otsatira mukadutsa ndi mtundu wina;
- Amafuna malo ambiri omasuka;
- Nkhuku zimapindulitsa kokha mukamadyetsa moyenera komanso moyenera.
Mitundu ya nkhuku zoweta - Andalusian buluu
Buluu la Andalusi ndi mtundu wachilendo womwe ndi wa nkhuku zanyama ndi mayendedwe a dzira. Nkhuku ndizodziwika bwino mnyumba za nkhuku chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake; Amaweta m'malo ang'onoang'ono azodzikongoletsera.
Amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kupanga dzira ndi nyama yofewa. Chosavuta ndichosowa kwachibadwa cha amayi, chifukwa chake akatswiri amawabala.
Mbalame yayikulu imalemera 2-2.5 kg. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, kupanga dzira ndi ma PC 180. yolemera 60g. Kutha msinkhu kumachitika ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kuchuluka kwa ana akhanda ndi 93%, ndipo mwa achikulire - 87%.
Breckel
Breckel ndi m'modzi mwa oyimira nkhuku zoyang'anira dzira. Mbalameyi imakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso thanzi labwino. Nyama imakoma ngati masewera, ndichifukwa chake imayamikiridwa. Mtunduwo ndi waukulu, tambala amalemera mpaka 2-2.75 kg, ndipo nkhuku - 1.75-2.25 kg. Mtundu wake ndi wagolide kapena siliva.
Ubwino:
- Mkulu wa dzira kupanga;
- Amphamvu - amatha kuyenda mozungulira malo oyenda tsiku lonse kufunafuna chakudya;
- Gwirizanani ndi ziweto zina zoweta;
- Nkhuku zimakhazikika mofulumira ndi kunenepa;
- Wodzichepetsa chifukwa cha nyengo yakunja.
Zoyipa:
- Palibe chibadwa cha umayi;
- Silingalolere malo otsekedwa ndi maselo.
Hamburg
Mtundu wa Hamburg ndi nkhuku zokongoletsa komanso masewera. Mbalameyi imabereka komanso yolimba, yoyera ndimabala akuda. Ndikotheka kusunga tambala awiri kapena kupitilira apo, chifukwa ndi ochezeka ndipo samalimbana. Kulemera kwa tambala wamkulu kuli mkati mwa 2-2.5 kg, ndipo nkhukuyo ndi 1.5-2 kg.
Nkhuku za Hamburg zimakhala m'mabanja, mutu wake ndi tambala.
Ubwino:
- Sinthani mosavuta chilengedwe chatsopano;
- Ndikopindulitsa kuswana kunyumba - zokolola zabwino ndikudya zochepa;
- Chokoma nyama;
- Zakudya zamtengo wapatali.
Zoyipa:
- Palibe chibadwa cha amayi;
- Nthawi yaying'ono yopanga dzira lokwanira.
Partridge waku Italiya
Partridge waku Italiya (Leghorns wofiirira kapena wofiirira) ndiimodzi mwa mbalame zoyambirira kuwongolera dzira. Chifukwa cha majini abwino kwambiri omwe adasinthidwa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo, zigawo zimakhala ndi mazira ochulukirapo komanso kuchuluka kwa moyo, komanso kuthekera kwamphamvu kosinthira. Nkhuku zimapezeka ku Russia ndi ku Europe.
Ambiri mwa alimi ndi oweta nkhuku omwe amabweretsa mtunduwu amalankhula bwino za izi. Zimanenedwa makamaka kuti nkhuku ndizodekha, zosasamala panjira yosunga, ndipo zimakhala ndi zokolola zambiri.
Minorca, PA
Nkhuku zazing'ono ndi mitundu yokongoletsa yomwe ili ndi mtundu wodabwitsa - ndi yakuda ndi mitundu yobiriwira yobiriwira. Chisa cha tambala ndi cha mawonekedwe osangalatsa, mwina okumbutsa korona, pomwe ya nkhuku ndi yaying'ono, yokongola komanso yopendekera pang'ono. Ma lobes ndi akulu, oyera.
Minorca imayamikiridwa makamaka chifukwa cha kukoma kwabwino kwa nyama, yemwenso ndi yoyera yoyera.
Ubwino:
- Anapiye amakula mofulumira ndikukhala ndi moyo wapamwamba;
- Amayamba kuthamangira molawirira - atakwanitsa miyezi 6;
- Kuikira mazira chaka chonse;
- Mazirawo ndi aakulu, olimba komanso opatsa thanzi;
- Chikhalidwe chaubwenzi.
Zoyipa:
- Mbalameyi ndi yamanyazi, choncho n'zovuta kuyandikira;
- Amalekerera pang'ono chinyezi komanso kutentha pang'ono;
- Samakhala mazira.
Mtundu wa mazira I-33
V-33 - mtundu wa mayendedwe a dzira laling'ono opangidwa ku Russia. Masiku ano akuchulukirachulukira chifukwa ndiabwino mabanja ang'onoang'ono.
Ku England ndi France, B-33 nkhuku zatsala pang'ono kusintha nkhuku zakomweko chifukwa chakubala kwawo.
Ubwino:
- Anapiye amakula msanga;
- Amadya bwino zakudya zosiyanasiyana;
- Amamva bwino mu khola kapena aviary;
- Amayikira mazira akulu molingana ndi kukula kwa thupi lawo;
- Osakumba nthaka;
- Zopindulitsa kwambiri;
- Khalidwe ndi bata.
Zoyipa:
- M'nyengo yamvula, chifukwa cha miyendo yayifupi, nkhuku, kukhudza nthaka yonyowa, chiopsezo chodwala;
- Malo ofooka - paws, omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti aziwunikidwa nthawi ndi nthawi;
- Mbalame zamitundumitundu sizingadutse, chifukwa chake zimasungidwa m'makola osiyana.
Ushanka
Ushanka kapena matolosi aku Ukraine - omwe amapezeka kumwera kwa Russia ndi Ukraine. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwira zokongoletsera chifukwa cha utoto wowala komanso mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Kulemera kwa akulu ndi: tambala - 2.8-3 kg; kuyika nkhuku - mpaka 2 kg.
Soviet Union itagwa, mayiko onse awiri (Ukraine ndi Russia) adayamba kuwona Ushanka ngati mtundu wawo, ngakhale chiyambi cha mbalameyi sichinadziwike.
Chiwerengero cha Ushanka chatsika posachedwa kwambiri, popeza zizindikilo zogwirira ntchito ndizotsika pang'ono, ndipo makamaka minda yamagulu ndi yosonkhanitsa imagwira ntchito yoswana.
Mzera Wapamwamba
The High Line ndi mbalame yokhazikika komanso yopanda zolakwika zazikulu. Wodekha komanso wosadzichepetsa, wochezeka ndi ziweto zina zaulimi. Chifukwa cha chitetezo chake champhamvu komanso mphamvu yayikulu, nkhuku imawerengedwa kuti ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri.
Alimi odziwa bwino ntchito yawo amadziwa kuti nkhuku za High Line zimasamalidwa bwino kwambiri m'mafamu akulu a nkhuku komanso m'malo ang'onoang'ono. Payokha, ziyenera kudziwika kuti mbalameyi iyenera kulandira katemera munthawi yake, apo ayi ziweto zonse sizingapewe. Ponena za mndende, palibe zofunika aliyense payekha.
Nkhuku ya Highsex White
Hisex White amadziwika bwino pakati pa mitundu ina ya mayendedwe a dzira mumapangidwe apamwamba a dzira omwe amafanana ndi mtengo wotsika wa chakudya.
Mwiniwake amatolera pafupifupi mazira 280-330 pachaka. Mazirawo ndi wandiweyani komanso opatsa thanzi kwambiri. Nyama ndi yolimba.
Ubwino:
- Kutha msinkhu kumafika pamasabata 20 amoyo;
- Kuchuluka kwa nyama zazing'ono ndi 96%;
- Kulemera kwa dzira limodzi mpaka 70 gr.
Zoyipa:
- Pakudutsa ndi mitundu ina, zokolola zimachepa;
- Malo oyenda akulu;
- Khola lankhuku lokwanira mpweya lowala nthawi zonse.
Wometa
Shaver Red Layers amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kupanga dzira lokwera komanso kudya kochepa. Mtunduwo ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimakhazikika kwambiri komanso mbalame, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziziyenda bwino pamitanda ina yonse. Anabadwira ku Holland. Palibe zosowa zazikulu kapena zolakwika zomwe zidawonedwa.
Ubwino:
- Chitetezo chokwanira;
- Nthawi Yoyala ndi masabata 80;
- Achinyamata amalemera msanga;
- Kukoma kwabwino kwa dzira.
Mosasamala mtundu wa nkhuku zomwe mumasankha, musaiwale kuti nkhuku zamtundu wa dzira ndizofala kwambiri pamsika wa nkhuku, chifukwa mazira ndi zinthu za mazira zimakhala zotsika mtengo.
Pa nthawi yonse yobereketsa, pafupifupi mitundu 50 ndi mitanda ya nkhuku zoyenda dzira zapangidwa ndikusinthidwa: onse ali ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi zizindikilo zobala zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha mtundu wopindulitsa kwambiri.