Olima minda yambiri amakhala ndi mitengo yazipatso zingapo kuseli kwawo. Odziwika kwambiri ndi apulo, peyala ndipo, ndithudi, yamatcheri.
Pali mitundu yambiri yamatcheri, ambiri a iwo - Vladimirovskaya.
Mbiri zosiyanasiyana
Komwe ndi omwe Vladimirovskaya mitundu yamatcheri idabadwira sikudziwika. Pakatikati mwa Russia, zidawonekera koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 12., amonke omwe ankayendayenda anabwera nawo. Ndiwo omwe adayamba kumera mitengo iyi m'malo otsetsereka, pafupi ndi nyumba za amonke.
Mbande zoyamba zinamera bwino, koma sikuti aliyense anatha kupitirira nyengo. Poona izi, amonke ochokera ku Greece adayamba kukulunga mitengo ndikuwaza ndi chisanu.
Pambuyo pozoloŵera bwino, yamatcheri anayamba kukula osati m'nyumba za amonke, komanso m'minda ndi malo. Komanso, m'malo otsetsereka, mitengo idakula ndikubala zipatso zabwino kwambiri kuposa m'malo athyathyathya.
Mitundu yamatcheri iyi inali yotchuka kwambiri ku Vladimir ndi kunja kwake, minda yonse yazipatso yamatcheri idayikidwa pamenepo. Chifukwa chake dzina lake ─ Vladimirovskaya.
Zosangalatsa m'zaka za zana la 19, mzinda wa Vladimir udakhala woyamba kulima mtengo wamtunduwu, ndipo adasungabe mutuwu. Cherry ndi chizindikiro cha malowa, chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi chipilala cha mabulosi awa.
Kufotokozera
Kwa zaka zambiri, Vladimirskaya yamatcheri amafalikira m'njira zingapo:
- mbewu;
- ziphuphu.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake masiku ano chipatso cha mitundu iyi chimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri... Zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi izi:
- mdima wamatcheri wakuda;
- zipatso zazing'ono ndi zazikulu, zolemera mpaka 3.5 g;
- zipatso zimakhala zosalala, zothinikizidwa pang'ono mbali;
- chozungulira pamwamba ndi ndodo yosaya;
- wakuda ndi khungu lofiira ndi mawanga imvi;
- fupa limasiya mosavuta zamkati;
- phesi kutalika mpaka 45 mm.
Zimakoma zokha mabulosiwo ndi okoma komanso owawasa, koma kuwawa kumapambana kwambiri.
Magalamu zana a zamkati mwa chitumbuwa zamtunduwu muli zigawo zotsatirazi:
- 16.5% youma;
- 11% shuga;
- 0,63% asidi amchere;
- 4.5 m / g ascorbic acid.
Mtengo womwewo umakula ngati mawonekedwe a chitsamba chokhala ndi mizu yake yotukuka bwino; mumtengowo, mtengo wokhazikika wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira korona umapangidwa. Itha kukhala mpaka 5 mita kutalika.
Thunthu lapakati ndi nthambi zimakhala ndi khungu lofiirira la khungwa lomwe lili ndi ming'alu yopanda utali.
Tsinde laling'ono limapanga korona wozungulira, womwe, kwa zaka zambiri, umafalikira ndikulira. Pali masamba ochepa mkati, koma nthambi zazing'ono zachikasu-bulauni zimakondweretsa diso ndi zobiriwira zambiri.
Nthambi zamagulu zimatuluka kuchokera ku thunthu lalikulu pamtunda wa madigiri 50-60. Masamba obiriwira amatuluka mozungulira, yaying'ono kukula ndi bulauni yakuda; masamba oberekera amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira.
Masamba a chitumbuwa cha Vladimir ndi achikulire apakatikati, opakidwa utoto wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mawonekedwe oval, oval-ovoid okhala ndi mapiri osongoka m'mphepete mwake. Kutalika kwa petiole sikupitilira makulidwe a 1.2 cm ndipo kumakhala ndi mtundu winawake.
Pansi pa tsamba, pa petiole, pali ma gland a 1-3 ofiira ofiira. Inflorescence imasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku maluwa ooneka ngati saucer a 5-7 a kukula kwapakati. Kugawika kawiri nsonga kumalola masamba kuti agwirizane.
Manyazi ndi anthers ali pamlingo wofanana, mothandizidwa ndi mbale yawo ngati galasi la antoncyanic, pedicel ndi 25 mm kutalika.
Mitunduyi imadziwika ndi zipatso za zipatso zamatchire, zomwe zimafotokozera chifukwa chake pafupifupi 85% ya ovary ali pama nthambi apachaka.
Vladimirskaya chitumbuwa ndi mitundu yodzipangira yokha, zokolola zambiri zingapezeke ngati mitengo ya mitundu ina ikukula pafupi.
Sankhani pollinators mosamala kwambiri., Griot Moscow, pinki ya Amorel, Fertile Michurina, Lyubskaya, Lotovaya, Turgenevka, Vasilyevskaya, Zogula zakuda ndizabwino.
Zipatso
M'madera osiyanasiyana, chitumbuwa cha Vladimir chimabala zipatso m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Malo ake okhala m'nyengo yozizira amathandizira kwambiri pano, kusiyanasiyana kotentha kwambiri kumakonda kuzizira kwamasamba oberekera, omwe amayenera kupereka mbewu zazikulu.
Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe mtengo wamaluwawu umapezeka kawirikawiri kumadera akumpoto kwa njira yapakati.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizapakati pa nyengo, Masiku 60-65 apita kuchokera maluwa mpaka kutola mabulosi. Mbewu nthawi zambiri imakololedwa pakati pa Julayi. Mukachedwetsa izi, zipatsozo zimayamba kudziwaza, chifukwa cha phesi lofooka.
Mtengo wachinyamata umayamba kusangalala ndi zipatso zake mzaka zingapo mutabzala. Zokolola zapakati pa nyengo yabwino kuchokera kwa chitumbuwa chachikulire ndi 25-30 makilogalamu zipatso.
Kudera lakumpoto, chiwerengerochi ndi chotsika kwambiri ─ makilogalamu 5 okha.
Ubwino ndi kuipa
Ubwino wazosiyanazi ndi monga:
- zipatso zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana;
- zokolola zambiri;
- Sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera;
- mtengo umawoneka wokongola m'chithunzithunzi chonse cha mundawo;
- kulimba kwabwino kwanyengo;
- imalekerera mayendedwe ngakhale ataliatali.
Koma Cherry Vladimirovskaya amakhalanso ndi zovuta:
- kusagwirizana bwino ndi matenda a fungal;
- Kutsika kwambiri kwa chisanu kwa masamba oberekera;
- kufunika kwa mitundu ina ya mungu.
Koma, Kukoma kwabwino kwa chipatso kumachotsa zovuta zonse.
Kudzala ndikuchoka
Kudzala mitundu ya chitumbuwa cha Vladimir kumachitika bwino m'dzinja kapena masika... Olima minda amalangizidwa kuti achite izi nthawi yachilimwe, pali mwayi wambiri kuti mtengowo utenge ndikukula bwino.
Kusankha malo
Mitundu yamatcheri iyi ikuchita bwino zitunda kapena malo otsetsereka... Mapiri a 8-15 degrees curvature, owala bwino komanso otetezedwa ku mphepo, ndi abwino.
Komanso, nkoyenera kuganizira za malo otsetsereka omwewo. Zabwino kwambiri zimaganiziridwa kumpoto chakumadzulo, kumadzulo ndi kumwera chakumadzulo... Nthaka pano imatenthetsa mofanana ndipo ilibe chinyezi chowonjezera.
Kumalo otsetsereka akumwera, mtengowo udzavutika ndi chinyezi chosakwanira, ndipo kutentha kwakanthawi kozizira nyengo yachisanu kumangokhala ndi zoyipa zokha.
Malo otsetsereka akumpoto musapatse chitumbuwa ndi mlingo woyenera wa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Malo obzala oterewa amaphatikiza kukhwima kwa zipatso kenako ndikusintha kukoma kwawo.
Vladimir chitumbuwa amathanso kubzalidwa m'malo athyathyathya, koma muyenera kukonzekera nthawi yomweyo kuti chitukuko chidzachedwa pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo mtengo womwewo nthawi zambiri umavutika ndi kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira.
Zosiyanasiyana izi amalekerera bwino zigwa ndi maenje... M'malo otere, pamakhala chinyontho chachikulu ndipo mpweya wabwino umakhala wovuta kwambiri. Izi zimasokoneza kukula ndi zipatso za mitundu iyi yamatcheri.
Loam kapena nthaka yakuda ingakhale yangwiro posankha nthaka yobzala.
Kubzala mtengo kumatenga nthawi yochepa kwambiri:
- Timakumba dzenje la mbande mpaka 50 cm kuya, osapitilira 80 cm.
- Timayika msomali pakati.
- Timatsitsa mmera pafupi ndi msomali.
- Fukani dzenje ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi humus.
- Timagwirizira nthaka pang'ono kuti mudzaze zosowa pakati pa mizu.
Mtengo uyenera kukhala wowongoka pansi... Mmerawo umayenera kumangidwa ndi msomali, kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala kotsika pang'ono kuposa nthambi yoyamba.
Ndikofunika kupanga kabowo kakang'ono mozungulira dzenje ndikuthirira mtengo mochuluka.
Musanakwere, onetsetsani kuti fufuzani mmera wa rhizome... Ngati ndi youma kwambiri, zomwe zikuwonetsa mayendedwe anyengo yayitali, mizu iyenera kuviikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi kwa maola osachepera 5.
Chisamaliro
Kusamalira mitundu ya chitumbuwa cha Vladimir ndi kudulira korona pafupipafupi, kuyambitsa michere ndikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.
Kudulira korona kumachitika magawo awiri - mchaka ndi chilimwe.
M'chaka wamaluwa amapanga korona ndikuchotsa nthambi zonse zodwala. M'chilimwe Kudulira kumachitika mukakolola. Nthambi zomwe sizimabala zipatso zimachotsedwa, koma zimakankhira korona.
Kudulira Cherry:
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi, monga manyowa, utuchi, manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yophukira. Izi zimachitika kuti mtengo ukhale wabwino kwambiri ndikukondwera ndi zokolola zabwino.
Vladimir chitumbuwa okonzekera nyengo yozizira motere:
- kuphimba mizu ndi udzu kapena utuchi;
- yeretsani thunthu, kuti mupewe zovuta zoyipa za dzuwa ndi tizirombo tambiri.
Kuthirira
Kwa yamatcheri analimbikitsa kanayi kuthirira, zidebe 4-6 nthawi imodzi:
- mtengowo utangoyamba kuphuka;
- pamene ovary ayamba kukula;
- pamene zokolola zinakololedwa;
- m'zaka khumi za Okutobala, chisanachitike chisanu.
Sikoyenera kuchita izi pafupipafupi., popeza pali kuthekera kwakapangidwe kowola mumizu.
Makhalidwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chitumbuwa cha Vladimirskaya
Zosiyanazi ndizapadziko lonse lapansi, zipatso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa compotes, kupanikizana, kuzizira, kumalongeza, kuyanika.
Vladimir chitumbuwa chimakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda a fungal ndi tizirombo tambiri.
Kuteteza tizilombo
Choyambirira, mukameta mitengo, chotsani nthambi zonse zomwe zili ndi kachilombokazomwe ziyenera kuwotchedwa.
Itayamba chisanu mtengo ndi thunthu zimathandizidwa ndi yankho la 5% ureaIzi zitha kupha tizirombo tonse.
Ndemanga
Leonid, Kursk: "Ndakhala ndikulima mitundu iyi patsamba langa kwazaka zopitilira khumi. Palibe zodandaula. "
Irina, Vladimir: “Vladimirskaya chitumbuwa ndimakonda kwambiri pabanja lathu. Munthawi yonse yokula, ndidazizira kangapo, koma ndidachira msanga. "
Nikolay, Vyazniki: "Kukoma kokoma kwa zipatso kunapambana agogo athu. Ku dacha kuli matcheri opitilira khumi amtunduwu. "
Cherry kalasi Vladimirsky:
Zokolola zabwino, kukoma kwa zipatso, chisamaliro chodzichepetsa imalola Vladimirskaya chitumbuwa kuti akhale m'modzi wodziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa m'misewu yapakatikati.