Anthu ambiri ku Russia amalima kapena akufuna kulima mphesa pa chiwembu chawo. Koma nyengo yakudziko lathu siyabwino kwenikweni pachikhalidwe ichi. Mwa kuyesayesa kwa obereketsa padziko lonse lapansi, tsopano pali mitundu yambiri yomwe ingapirire zovuta ngati izi. Munkhaniyi, tikambirana za mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu.
Ubwino wa mitundu yamphesa yolimbana ndi chisanu
Ubwino woyamba ndi waukulu wamtundu wosagwidwa ndi chisanu umadziwika ndi dzina - nthumwi izi ndizosavuta kupirira nyengo yathu yozizira yopanda pogona. Komanso, zipatso zake ndizolimba kwambiri, motero, zimatha kunyamula. Mitundu yolimba yozizira imakhala yoyenera kupanga vinyo. Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingapirire zovuta?
Kwambiri kuzizira zosagwira kwa arbors ndi arches
Lidiya
Wokondedwa kwambiri komanso wofala kwambiri ndi Lidiya. Wopangidwa ndi Williams Prince, wofalitsa wochokera ku USA kuchokera ku Isabella zosiyanasiyana, ndipo adatchedwa Isabella Pink pamenepo. Imalekerera chisanu bwino. Maguluwo ndi ochepa. Zipatso zake zimakhala za pinki. Ali ndi kukoma kosazolowereka, kosangalatsa kwambiri. Oyenera arbors ndi arches.
Great kwa vinyo. Koma Chinsinsi ayenera mosamalitsa anati. Kupanda kutero, Lydia amatha kudziwitsa zakuthupi ngati ukadaulo sutsatiridwa.
Ubwino:
- kwambiri chisanu kukana;
- kudzipaka mungu;
- kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew ndi mildew;
- kunyamula.
Chovuta chokha chofunikira Kusakhazikika kwa phylloxera.
Aleshenkin
Aleshenkin ndi mphesa zoyambirira zamchere, zosavundukuka. Amatchedwanso Alyosha kapena # 328. Imakoma kwambiri ndipo imawoneka yokongola - masango akulu mpaka makilogalamu awiri, zipatso zimakhala zooneka ngati kondomu, zobiriwira-zobiriwira.
Ubwino:
- molawirira kwambiri;
- safuna chisamaliro chapadera ndi ukadaulo wapadera waulimi;
- cuttings muzu bwino;
- zokolola zabwino popanda kudyetsa;
- mbewu zochepa mu zipatso;
- kukoma kwakukulu;
- zipatso zimasungidwa pampesa nthawi yozizira mpaka -25 ° C.
Zoyipa:
- gawo lachinsinsi silimalimbana ndi chisanu;
- zipatso zimafunikira chopatsa mphamvu, apo ayi nandolo ndi wotheka.
Zala zazimayi
Ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a mabulosi omwe amafanana ndi zala za akazi. Chifukwa chake dzinalo. Dzinalo ndi Khusayne Bely. Zipatso zazikulu zokoma zimakonzedwa m'magulu akulu. Kukoma kwake ndikwabwino, kotsekemera, ndikumveketsa zowawa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zoumba, chifukwa alibe mbewu.
Ndi mitundu yamphesa yomwe imapezeka ku Central Asia. Ndimakonda kwambiri dzuwa ndi kutentha. Ili ndi nthawi yayitali yakucha, chifukwa chake siyabwino kwenikweni pakati pa Russia. Amalimidwa ndi olima vinyo ochepa. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino komanso nyengo yabwino, komanso kudyetsedwa kwakanthawi, mutha kupeza zokolola zabwino.
Ubwino:
- zokolola zambiri;
- kukula kolimba;
- kukoma kwabwino;
- kusowa mafupa.
Zoyipa:
- nthawi yayitali yakucha - masiku 130-160;
- kusakhazikika kwa mbeu nyengo;
- nthawi yayitali yopulumuka;
- otsika chisanu kukana - mpaka -11 ° С;
- mphesa iyi imakonda mavu ndi mbalame;
- Amatengeka kwambiri ndi matenda osiyanasiyana - bowa, oidium, powdery mildew.
Ngati zolakwikazo sizikuwopa kubwera, muyenera kuyandikira mosamala kusankha komwe mungapeze. Iyenera kutetezedwa ku ma drafts, panali dzuwa lambiri. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopepuka. Madzi apansi pansi ayenera kukhala akuya - opitilira 2.5 mita. Komanso kwa zala za Madona, mumafunikira malo ambiri omasuka - osachepera 2-2.5 mita mbali iliyonse. Ngati chaka chinkakhala chamvula, ndiye kuti zipatso zowonongera ziyenera kuchotsedwa munthawi yake. Kupanda kutero amadzavutika m'mimba.
Tukay
Mphesa zamphesa za Tukai zidapangidwa ku Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking wolemba Ya.I. Potapenko ku Novocherkassk. Mitunduyi idakhala yopanda ulemu komanso yosagwira chisanu. Tukay amakondedwa chifukwa chokolola kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi zipatso zazitali kwambiri, zomwe ndizokoma kwambiri.
Ubwino:
- kumayambiriro, mu Julayi ayamba kale kucha;
- masango akulu - mpaka 1.5 kilogalamu;
- zipatso zonunkhira komanso zokoma;
- ali ndi maluwa achikazi ndi aamuna, choncho amadzipangira mungu;
- zipatso zimatha kusungidwa mpaka masika, ngati kutentha kumawoneka (kuyambira +1 mpaka + 8 ° C).
Zoyipa:
- imafuna kudulira moyenerera, apo ayi masango amakhala ochepa;
- itha kukhudzidwa ndi mite.
Pakudulira masika, maso 30-40 amatsala, ndipo mphukira zotsalazo zidadulidwa pamanja. Zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa mite.
Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa ndi tizilomboti ayenera kuwonongeka, ndipo chomeracho chimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi colloidal sulfure.
Kadinala
Mitunduyi idapezeka podutsa mphesa ndi Mfumukazi ya Minda yamphesa ndi Alphonse Lavalle. Maburashiwa ndi akulu: kutalika kwa 18-30 cm, m'lifupi masentimita 12-20. Kulemera - 350-500 g. Zipatsozo ndizazikulu. Kulemera kwawo kumafika magalamu asanu ndi anayi. Mtundu wa khungu ndi ofiira-violet, wokhala ndi pachimake cha wax.
Kadinala ndi wa mitundu yoyambirira. Kutuluka nthawi - masiku 105-110. Wodzipangira mungu.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira mitundu iyi ndikumezetsa mbewu.
Ubwino:
- kukoma kwabwino komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino;
- zipatso zazikulu;
- oyenera kusunga kwa nthawi yayitali;
- mayendedwe abwino.
Zoyipa:
- otsika kukana matenda ndi tizilombo toononga;
- kukhetsa maluwa ndi nandolo pamtunda waukulu;
- kufunika kosamalidwa bwino;
- osauka chisanu kukana.
Isabel
Mitunduyi idabadwira ku United States ndi Isabell Gibbs. Isabella, monga "mphatso" zina zaku America (kachilomboka kakang'ono ka Colorado mbatata, mapulo otuluka phulusa), adakhala wolimba mtima. Sasamala za chisanu cha Epiphany chapakati pa Russia. Komanso, sizimakhudzidwa ndimatenda aliwonse amphesa.
Nthawi ina panali chidziwitso kuti Isabella anali wovulaza, popeza mowa wambiri wa methyl umatulutsidwa pakukonzekera vinyo, koma pambuyo pake izi zidakanidwa.
Ubwino:
- makhalidwe kukoma;
- otsika kalori okhutira;
- zokolola zambiri;
- kudzichepetsa.
Zoperewera kwa olima vinyo ena, nthawi yotuta yochedwa imatha kutchedwa Okutobala-Novembala.
Makina Osewerera a Pinky
Mwa mitundu yonse yomwe yatchulidwa munkhaniyi, Rylines Pink Seedlis imasiyana chifukwa imasowa mbewu. Zipatsozo zili ngati mpira, yaing'ono, pinki ndi fungo la sitiroberi. Maguluwo ndi ophatikizika. Kukolola kuli mkatikati mwa Seputembala.
Ubwino:
- kusowa mafupa;
- mkulu chisanu kukana;
- kukula msanga kwa mipesa;
- kusasitsa kwambiri;
- kukana matenda a fungal;
- kuchuluka kwa ma microelements othandiza (vitamini A, mavitamini B, chitsulo ndi ayodini).
Zoyipa:
- nyengo yamvula nthawi yakucha, zipatsozo zimakonda kuwonongeka;
- zipatso zazing'ono.
Kwenikweni zaka 200 zapitazo, mphesa ku Russia zimalimidwa kokha kumadera akumwera komanso pang'ono pakati pa dzikolo. Tsopano yakula mu Urals, ndipo pakati panjira ikufalikira kulikonse. Koma oweta samaima pakufufuza kwawo. Dziwani kuti, mitundu yambiri yabwino yosamva chisanu yomwe yasinthidwa mdziko lathu idzawona kuwala.