Zimakhala zovuta kukumana ndi munthu amene sakonda kudya raspberries. Koma zikafika ku zipatso zazikulu, zonunkhira, zopanda minga, wamaluwa onse amalota kukhala ndi chomera choterocho, ndipo palibe amene angakane zipatso zokoma zamchere.
NDI zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhala ndi izi, zimatchedwa Maroseyka.
Kufotokozera za rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana Maroseyka
Maroseyka m'ma 70s atumwi, atulutsidwa ndi pulofesa V.V. Kichina. Zinali ku Moscow Institute of Horticulture. Wotsogola wa izi ndi rasipiberi waku Scotland.
Maroseyka adalandira izi:
- kukana matenda;
- kudzichepetsa kwa chomera;
- zokolola zabwino;
- zipatso zazikulu;
- kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa shuga mu mabulosi ndi kununkhira kwake.
Lero pali zambiri zoti musankhe okonda rasipiberi - mitundu yambiri yawonekera pamsika, iyenso ndi yoyenera kuisamalira, koma Maroseyka ndiwokongola monganso zaka zambiri zapitazo.
Mitunduyi imalimbikitsidwa kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa., komanso kukulitsa mitundu yazopanga zazing'ono. Poterepa, nyengo iyenera kukhala yoyenera.
Pakatikati pa Russia, Maroseyka siyokwanira kutentha komanso kulimbana ndi chilala (ili ndi mizu yopanda pake), chifukwa chake osayenera kulima mafakitale.
Ndi mitundu yopanda minga komanso yazipatso zazikulu. nyengo yakucha yakucha - zipatso ndizoyenera kudya koyambirira kapena pakati pa Julayi. Amakololedwa nthawi 4-5, fruiting imatha chakumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti.
Maroseyka anali rasipiberi woyamba wopanda minga waku Russia. Mitengoyi imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma kuyambira nthawi yaubwana komanso kununkhira kwamphamvu.
Kukolola kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi: yatsopano, yachisanu, yophika, youma, compotes yophika, vinyo amakonzedwa.
Chomeracho chimabala zipatso kamodzi pachaka, chifukwa, kalasi Maroseyka sadziwika ndi remontance, koma zokolola zimakololedwa pa 4-5 makilogalamu pachomera chilichonse. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, chitsamba chimatha kupanga 6 kg ya zipatso.
Ponena za zokolola zathunthu, chiwonetsero chazonse ndi 150-200 makilogalamu pa yokhotakhota, koma chifukwa chazovuta zochepa m'nyengo yozizira, iyenera kuphimbidwa nthawi yozizira. Imabala zipatso chaka chilichonse, kudera la Moscow ndizosangalatsa komanso zobala zipatso.
Chomeracho chili ndi nthambi zazitali zazitali komanso zazitali zazitali, ndizolimba, pamphukira zimayambira 2 mpaka 4 pazoyang'anira nthambi. Nthambi imodzi imatha kukhala ndi zipatso 20, ndipo nthawi zina kuposa.
Masamba ndi lathyathyathya, wokhotakhota, warty m'mbali. Ndi zazikulu, zobiriwira zakuda mtundu, ndipo chomeracho chikuwoneka ngati chitsamba champhamvu.
Kukulitsa rasipiberi Maroseyka nyengo yomwe nyengo yozizira yozizira imatsikira mpaka 30 ° C ndi pansi, iyenera kuphimbidwa nthawi yozizira... Mutha kutenga:
- ziphuphu;
- udzu;
- nthambi za spruce;
- mulch kuchokera ku zomera.
Kuti zotsatira zakubisala zitheke, amachita ntchitoyi m'masiku omaliza a Seputembara. Nthambi za zomera panthawiyi zimapinda bwino, panthawiyi sizinakhalepo ndi nthawi yoti ziphuphuke.
Ntchito yogona:
- Nthambizi zimapendekeka mbali imodzi, ndipo zimapinda kumapeto kwa chomeracho, pamwamba pake pamamangika.
- Pogona, tengani chilichonse mwazinthu zomwe zalembedwa.
Ngati izi sizikuchitika nyengo yovuta, yozizira, ndiye kuti ngakhale rasipiberi apulumuke m'nyengo yozizira, zokolola zake zimachepa.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Mitundu ya rasipiberi Maroseyka imadabwitsabe ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yomwe ili nayo. Aliyense amakonda zipatso zake zazikulu, zokolola, fungo labwino komanso kukoma kwa zipatso.
Zosiyanasiyanazi sizongokhala, koma nthawi zina zimadabwitsa wamaluwa ndi mtundu uwu - zaka zina kumapeto kwa nthambi zipatso zimapsa kachiwiri... Chomerachi chimatsutsana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a rasipiberi.
Zoyipa za Maroseyka zikuphatikiza mfundo yoti zipatso zokhala ndi tchire kwa nthawi yayitali zimapangidwa pang'ono kukula. Kufotokozera kwa zodabwitsazi ndikosakhazikika kwamitundu yamitunduyi.
Vutoli lilipo pankhaniyi mbewu zikapitirira zaka 10... Njira yotereyi imatchedwa excretion kapena gene mutation.
Mitundu yonse yazipatso zazikulu imakhala ndi jini yapadera ya L1, yomwe mwachilengedwe imakhala yosakhazikika. Nthawi zambiri mmela, mtundu wa L1 umakhala waukulu, koma nthawi zina umatha kukhala wambiri.
M'minda yamaluwa, zodabwitsazi ndizochepa. Chifukwa chake iwo omwe akufuna kukhala ndi mitundu ya Maroseyka sayenera kuda nkhawa ndi izi - zonse zikhala bwino.
Makhalidwe a tchire ndi zipatso
Rasipiberi Maroseyka ndi chitsamba chokongola, chapakatikati, chofalikira, amene mphukira zake zakuda zimatetezedwa ndi sera yokutira, yomwe imatchinga ku bowa, chilala, chisanu. Ili ndi kutalika kwa 1.5 mpaka 1.8 m.
Zitsambazi zimakhala ndi nthambi zamphamvu ndi mphukira m'malo mwake, komanso kukulira. choncho kufalitsa izi sikungakhale kovuta konse.
Izi zimachitika pogawa tchire. Mphukira zapachaka zimakhala zolimba komanso zotanuka, zimakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 3-5 masentimita.
Chitsamba chilichonse chimamera mphukira zisanu m'malo mwake ndi mphukira khumi za mizu. Komabe izi sizigonjetsa madera atsopano okha.
Zipatso pa tchire la rasipiberi Maroseyka:
- kulemera magalamu 4-12;
- wonyezimira, wonyezimira wonyezimira, pamakhala pachimake pamtundu wa buluu, ndipo pali awiri osakanikirana;
- zamkati ndi zotsekemera, zokhala ndi noti yowoneka pang'ono ndi mbewu zingapo;
- kununkhira - kutchulidwa;
- kucha, amamatira kuzomera ndipo sizimatha;
- Akakhwima bwino, amapatukana bwino ndi chipatsocho;
- kachulukidwe kotero kuti palibe zovuta panthawi yamagalimoto.
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi zipatso kwa zaka 10-15, koma mbiri imadziwa kuti patatha zaka 20, chomeracho chimapitiliza kupatsa anthu zokolola.
Chitsambachi chimakula pamalo owala ndi dzuwa, pamalo osangalatsa a tsambalo, pomwe panali chitetezo kumphepo, chimadyetsedwa ndi feteleza.
Makhalidwe abzala, kukula ndi chisamaliro
Izi raspberries zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale zithunzi, komanso amalekerera mthunzi bwino... Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, sankhani malo owunikira a mphukira zazing'ono, muyenera kutero. Malo oti mubzalemo ayenera kukhala achonde.
Kubzala Maroseyka kumachitika m'mizere, ndiye kumangiriza kumayikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 120 kuchokera pansi.Pachifukwa ichi, chothandizira chimakhala ndi waya wolimba wolimba.
Popeza tchire limapereka mphukira, zochulukazo ziyenera kuchotsedwa kuti chomeracho chiwongolere timadziti tambiri popanga mbewuyo.
Kuti fruiting ikhale yogwira ntchito, m'mabowo musanabzala raspberries, ikani feteleza wa nayitrogeni, komanso zinthu zofunikira.
Nthawi yakwana yophuka ndikuyamba mbewu yatsopano, feteleza a NPK amagwiritsidwa ntchito... Onetsetsani kupezeka kwa zinthu zokwanira, makamaka potaziyamu.
Olima wamaluwa okonda masewerawa amafunika kudziwa izi fruiting misa idzangokhala nyengo yotsatira.
Mutabzala, rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana Maroseyka amafuna chisamaliro chabwino... Amakhala ndi njira zovuta kwambiri zothandizira mbewu kuti zizimva bwino, ndipo pambuyo pake zimathokoza mwini wakeyo ndi zipatso zokoma komanso zopatsa thanzi.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malangizo ena pachisamaliro, kotero kuti Maroseyka apereke zokolola zonse:
- Mutabzala, muyenera kumasula nthaka ndi udzu nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Kutsirira kumachitika mokwanira komanso munthawi yake.
- Kudulira mbewu kumachitika mchaka kuti muchotse nthambi zofooka komanso zachisanu, ndipo kugwa, tchire amakhala okonzekera nyengo yozizira. M'dzinja, amadulidwa pasanathe theka la mwezi chisanu chisanachitike. Ndiye nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri komanso zofooka zimachotsedwa.
- Pofuna kupewa kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka zokolola, gawo lina la mphukira limadulidwa, ndikusiya zidutswa 6-8 zokha.
- Monga tanena, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika nthawi ndi feteleza woyenera.
- Ngati ndi kotheka, chomeracho chimatetezedwa ku chisanu choopsa powaphimba.
Ngati pali chikhumbo cholimbikitsa nthambi, tsinani mphukira zazing'ono pamtunda wa pafupifupi mita... Njira imeneyi imayambitsa nthambi zatsopano. Chomeracho chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri komanso chopindulitsa.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana Maroseyka yodziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kukana matenda ndi tizilombo tizirombo.
Iye, monga mitundu ina yabwino kwambiri, amabala zipatso ngakhale pali matenda panthambi kapena masamba, izi sizimakhudza kuchuluka kwa mbeu.
Masiku ano, kusankha mitundu yabwino ya raspberries imayimilidwa ndi mitundu yambiri, koma Maroseyka ali ndi kukoma ndi fungo labwino la zipatso zomwe amakonda kwambiri wamaluwa, ndipo saopa mpikisano.
Ngati mumamusamalira pafupipafupi, pamenepo adzakusangalatsani nthawi zonse ndi zokolola zochuluka.